Researchers propose using gravitational wave experiments to detect merger events at redshifts greater than 40, which could indicate the presence of primordial black holes or non-Gaussianity in the early universe. A detection would bolster theories about dark matter, while a non-detection would cast doubt.
Scientists have discovered that heterogeneities in the Earth's mantle are at least a kilometer in size, enabling the survival of their chemical signature during magma transport. This finding has significant implications for our understanding of mantle convection and its impact on tectonic plate movement.
Researchers found that beta wave activity is not sustained but rather occurs in discrete bursts, and the timing of these bursts affects perception. The study's findings provide a better understanding of how beta waves help filter distractions to process sensations.
A study of over 19,000 knee dislocation cases found obesity increases complications and costs of care. Obese patients are more likely to experience vascular injury, which can lead to amputation if left untreated. Hospital stays for obese patients with vascular injury were 15.3 days, costing $131,478 on average.
A Brown University and Hasbro team is developing a smart robotic companion, ARIES, to assist older adults with simple but challenging tasks. The project aims to add artificial intelligence capabilities to the existing Joy for All Companion Pets.
A new study demonstrates that babies can learn, remember and use contextual cues in a scene to guide their search for objects of interest. The study found that 6-month-old babies showed steady improvement in finding faces in repeated scenes, but didn't get any quicker or more accurate in finding faces in new scenes.
Researchers propose a new method for directly detecting dark matter by exploiting the interaction between superfluid helium and potential dark matter particles. The strategy involves a tub of helium and a positively charged metal pin array to amplify the tiny energy signature of a released atom, enabling the detection of single atoms a...
Researchers demonstrated that nanotwins in metal's atomic lattice stabilize defects associated with repetitive strain, limiting accumulation of fatigue-related damage. This work shows a promising approach to creating more fatigue-resistant metals.
Researchers found that smell sensitivity peaks in the late evening and varies over the course of a day, influenced by internal circadian rhythms. This discovery has implications for assessing a patient's sense of smell and may affect food choices and eating behaviors among teens.
A new Brown University-developed technology called trans-Tango allows scientists to visualize neural connections in fruit flies, revealing previously unmapped gustatory circuits. The technology enables circuit tracing and has the potential to control circuit functions, expanding its applications in neuroscience.
A study finds that while HCV screening is common among young adults who use prescription opioids recreationally, the follow-up measures needed to stop the spread of the virus are significantly less so. Only a small percentage received confirmatory testing, specialty care, or education on how not to transmit the virus.
A multi-site study will investigate whether cognitive behavior therapy can reduce seizure frequency and severity in individuals with traumatic brain injury. The study aims to shed light on the mechanism behind post-traumatic epilepsy and psychogenic nonepileptic seizures.
Researchers at Brown University have improved the resolution of laser terahertz emission microscopy (LTEM) to 20 nanometers, enabling detailed imaging of individual nanostructures. This technique can be used to study a wide variety of materials, including semiconductors and perovskite solar cells.
Brown University researchers have developed a method to manipulate the spatial coherence of light, transforming it from incoherent to coherent and vice versa. By controlling surface plasmon polaritons, they achieved strong modulation across a range of 0-80% coherence, breaking previous barriers.
Daily calcium intake among adults varies widely around the world, with many areas at risk of bone health due to low intakes. Regional patterns show Southern and Eastern Asia having the lowest average intakes, while Northern Europe registers higher intakes.
Researchers found a potential bridge between Martian geology and atmospheric models, suggesting peak daily temperatures above freezing could cause melting at glacier edges. This meltwater could have carved the features observed on Mars today, supporting the formation of water-carved valleys and lakebeds.
A new study shows that guppies in low-predation environments, where food is scarce, gestate their young for a longer period to ensure they are born more mature and better equipped to compete for food. This strategy allows them to capitalize on the limited resources available.
Researchers found that a lack of CLOCK protein is associated with excessive brain cell excitation and stronger seizures during sleep. Delivering a drug that compensates for the lack of CLOCK or its affected proteins directly in the brain may offer a new treatment approach for severe epilepsy cases.
A group of experts is advocating for more rigorous research on mindfulness and meditation to replace hype with evidence-based practices. The field faces challenges in defining mindfulness and measuring its effects, leading to inconsistent results.
Researchers found that the same mathematical principles governing topological insulators also drive equatorial waves in the ocean, explaining their persistence despite weather disturbances. This discovery could lead to new ways of identifying climate dynamics and deepening scientists' understanding of the Earth's climate system.
A new study by Brown University describes the frequency of various nontraffic incidents, injuries, and fatalities to children using a unique surveillance system and database. The analysis found nearly 3,400 deaths of young children over 25 years due to preventable nontraffic events.
Researchers will systematically identify resources that successful patients use to overcome HIV challenges, developing a novel public health measure called resilience. The goal is to design interventions to increase suppressed HIV viral load among patients.
Researchers at Brown University plan to conduct a randomized trial to evaluate the effectiveness of a personalized music program in improving care and outcomes for nursing home residents with dementia. The new study aims to provide clearer evidence on the impact of MUSIC & MEMORY, which has shown promising results in previous studies.
A Brown University study finds that political polarization has increased most among demographic groups with low internet and social media use. The authors suggest that broader forces beyond the digital landscape may be driving the rise in partisanship.
A new study led by Brown University researchers found evidence for large surface ice deposits on Mercury's north pole and smaller-scale deposits scattered around the pole. The research adds significantly to Mercury's ice inventory, potentially doubling it.
Experts outline steps hospitals can take to reduce risk, including workforce training, patching operating systems, and reporting attacks promptly. However, full security is unlikely to be achievable due to the complexity of modern hospital systems.
Clomid's development and impact on assisted reproduction are celebrated in a new paper at Brown University. The drug has helped millions of people conceive, making it one of the globe's essential medicines.
Scientists from Brown University have created a quantitative map of water and its chemical building blocks trapped in the uppermost portion of the Moon's soil. The study found that the signature of water is present nearly everywhere on the lunar surface, with concentrations reaching up to 500-750 parts per million at higher latitudes.
New study highlights challenges in predicting evolutionary fate of new traits, citing factors such as environmental change, social life of alleles, and genetic interactions. This complexity can lead to the emergence of drug resistance and disease outbreaks, emphasizing the need for improved predictive models.
Researchers create biocompatible degradable structures using stereolithography with sodium alginate precursor solutions, allowing for transient structures to dissolve away on demand. This technique is useful for making lab-on-a-chip devices and dynamic environments for live cells experiments.
A recent study on the protein CLAMP in fruit flies identifies two essential roles: coordinating gene expression on X and Y chromosomes. This research offers a promising model for understanding how proteins function differently in specific contexts, crucial for developing targeted therapies with minimal side effects.
Brown's Data Science Initiative aims to bring together experts from various fields to develop new tools for applying data to complex problems. The grant will support intensive research activity and workshops bringing top researchers to campus to work on improving predictive power of mathematical models.
A new study from Brown University found that less than one-third of teachers perceived as ineffective by principals are actually formally rated that way. Despite major reforms, time constraints and top-down system designs limit the differentiation and support for teacher effectiveness.
Researchers found an anti-sense RNA that regulates myelin genes and promotes demyelination after nerve injury. This discovery could lead to a new therapy by manipulating AS-RNA expression to restore complete nerve function.
A new simulation study shows that dementia can more than double the healthcare expenditure of aging individuals, with the majority of the financial burden falling on family members. The total average cost to care for a person with dementia was $321,000 over five years, compared to $137,280 without dementia.
Researchers demonstrate method for multiplexing data carried on terahertz waves, transmitting two real-time video signals at an aggregate data rate of 50 gigabits per second. The terahertz multiplexer uses a waveguide with metal plates to separate data streams based on frequency and angle.
Researchers stopped FUS protein clumping using phosphorylation, a natural cellular process that increases protein charge and repels aggregation. The findings could have positive implications for treating ALS and dementia.
The NeuroNex Technology Hub aims to create new research capabilities using bioengineering technologies, enabling scientists to manipulate and observe brain circuitry. The center's goals include addressing inequities in access to scientific tools and educating high school students.
In a new study published in Scientific Reports, researchers at Brown University found that guppy moms in low-predation areas (LP) produce larger offspring with more mature internal anatomy, including wider mouth joints and harder heads. This adaptation enables LP guppies to better compete for food and survive in their environment.
Researchers developed computer models that simulate the assembly of polymer fibers in sickle red blood cells, revealing new details about how different fiber structures produce abnormal cell shapes. The models can also be used to test new approaches to stopping the disease.
Researchers will combine findings from cellular level studies with results of helmet testing to develop a new standard for assessing head protection and create a prototype helmet that meets this standard
Scientists have discovered water in ancient volcanic deposits on the Moon's surface, finding that nearly all large pyroclastic deposits contain high amounts of trapped water. This bolsters the idea that the lunar mantle may be more water-rich than previously thought, with implications for future lunar exploration.
A large clinical trial found that the high-dose flu vaccine significantly reduced hospitalization rates among nursing home residents, with a relative risk of hospitalization being 12.7 percent lower for the high-dose group. The vaccine also appeared to help prevent hospitalization for other problems, including cardiovascular symptoms.
The team created a polarizing beamsplitter that splits light into vertically and horizontally polarized states, enabling various applications in imaging systems, communications networks, and future technologies. This new technique has advantages over traditional methods, including being cheaper, more robust, and versatile.
Researchers used X-ray Reconstruction of Moving Morphology (XROMM) technology to observe bamboo sharks feeding on squid and herring. The study reveals that the shark's shoulder girdle swings internally to create suction, manipulating food down its long pharynx.
Researchers at Brown University developed a new system that enables robots to follow spoken instructions, regardless of their level of abstraction. The system uses language grounding and hierarchical planning algorithms to analyze the specificity of commands, resulting in dramatic speed-ups in performance.
Brown University is developing a fully implantable wireless brain interface system with 'neurograins' that can record and stimulate neural activity with unprecedented detail. The system aims to create a cortical intranet of wireless micro-devices for safe and precise brain-computer interaction.
A new study reveals widespread physician dissatisfaction with electronic health records (EHRs), with hospital-based physicians expressing concerns about reduced patient contact time and office-based physicians worrying about the quality of their interactions. Despite these challenges, some physicians have found ways to minimize disrupt...
A new study found that a V.A. initiative to improve end-of-life care led to a substantial increase in the use of hospice among U.S. veterans. Hospice use grew at a rate twice as fast as the general Medicare population, with an estimated additional 17,046 veterans receiving hospice care between 2010 and 2014.
Researchers pinpointed the brain's dorsolateral prefrontal cortex as responsible for credit assignment, a mechanism that enables learning from success. The study used non-human primates to demonstrate the cortex's role in linking causes and effects.