Researchers at Case Western Reserve University discovered that Fusobacterium nucleatum breaks the junctures in blood vessel cells, allowing bacteria like E. coli to invade the body. The oral bacterium triggers a cascade of signals that creates space for harmful invaders to enter the bloodstream.
Scientists have developed a top-down approach to impose chirality on non-chiral molecules, which could lead to custom-designed properties and desired effects in various fields. The researchers created a twist by rotating liquid crystal molecules along different directions, resulting in induced chirality.
A new device, designed to mimic the periosteum, has shown promising results in healing critical-sized bone defects in sheep. The device delivers stem cells, growth factors, and natural components of the periosteum to promote bone growth, and can be used for a range of applications beyond bone healing.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University developed a method to engineer cartilage replacements using mesenchymal stem cells and tiny beads filled with growth factor. The new approach showed promising results in creating thicker, stiffer cartilage than previous methods.
A mutation on the surface of human red blood cells provides protection against malaria caused by Plasmodium vivax. Research found that the parasite binds less easily to cells expressing a specific variant of the Duffy blood group antigen, reducing the risk of infection.
A $3.8 million grant will investigate the connection between sleep apnea and atrial fibrillation, with the goal of identifying new approaches for prevention and treatment. The study aims to characterize how sleep apnea affects the heart's structure and function, potentially leading to improved outcomes for patients with this condition.
A recent study by Case Western Reserve University found that helping others in 12-step programs significantly improves adolescent treatment response, reducing cravings for alcohol and drugs. The study also highlights the influence of religious practices on treatment outcomes.
A pilot study of 31 obese people with gum disease found that those who underwent gastric bypass surgery had better periodontal outcomes than those who did not. The researchers believe that removing excess fat cells may help reduce inflammation and improve the body's response to treatment.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University have developed a brain probe that softens after insertion, inducing less scarring and enabling the brain to heal faster. The nanocomposite probe, inspired by the skin of the sea cucumber, changes its mechanical properties in response to water, reducing damage to surrounding brain tissue.
Researchers aim to double the time window for corneal transplants from one week to two weeks after donor death to increase donated cornea supply. The five-year study will compare outcomes of 1,330 corneal transplants to determine if second-week transplants are as effective and safe.
A study by Case Western Reserve University researchers suggests that the evolution of human vertebrae adapted for upright walking is the primary cause of backbone fractures, not osteoporosis. The team found that human vertebrae are larger and more porous than those in apes, but also thinner and less protected against cracks and breaks.
Scientists at Case Western Reserve University create an electrochemical cell with a stable plasma electrode, allowing for controlled electron transfer and reducing losses. The technology has the potential to improve battery and fuel cell efficiency and enable new applications such as hydrogen production and nanomaterial synthesis.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University have developed virtual brain models that reveal structural differences among healthy and ill brains. The models show that complex network connections are associated with normal EEG patterns, while simpler networks are linked to neurological disorders such as epilepsy and schizophrenia.
The discovery confirms that early rodents had origins in Africa and pushes back the date of the first South American rodents to at least 41 million years ago. The fossils found include three new species of rodent from the suborder Caviomorpha, which are most closely related to African rodents.
The university will support the development of an understanding of Barrett's esophagus and its conversion to esophageal carcinoma through genetic and environmental research. Researchers aim to reduce mortality associated with this deadly cancer, which has seen a six-fold increase in recent years.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University aim to develop new treatments using human beta defensins triggered by Fusobacterium nucleatum-associated Beta-Defensin Inducer (FAD-I). FAD-I induces HBD peptides to block bacteria from entering the body, potentially preventing health conditions such as gum disease and tooth loss.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University found that African-American women develop functional health challenges earlier than others, with a faster rate of reported physical limitations. This disparity is linked to intersectional factors such as gender, race/ethnicity, education, and socioeconomic status.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University have successfully guided mouse stem cells into oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, which can restore myelin on nerves. This breakthrough opens up new avenues for basic research and potential therapies for multiple sclerosis and other demyelinating diseases.
A new study from Case Western Reserve University found that aquarium fishes are more aggressive in reduced environments, with 182.9 million ornamental fishes at risk. Increasing tank size and complexity can reduce harmful aggressive behaviors, leading to healthier fish.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University are studying whether an over-the-counter medication, Glutamine, can ease chemotherapy side effects for people with blood and bone marrow cancers. The study aims to determine if Glutamine will interfere with chemotherapy or yield no benefits for patients diagnosed with multiple myeloma.
Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine has been awarded a $11.3 million grant from the National Cancer Institute to establish a center for research on gastrointestinal cancers. The center will focus on translational research to develop new tests, treatments, and prevention methods for colon and esophageal cancers.
Researchers discovered that defective eye cells in a rare disease lead to photoreceptor cell failure, causing sight loss. The study provides a target for treatment and may help understand broader retinal degenerative diseases.
A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that physician practices using electronic health records (EHRs) had significantly better healthcare and outcomes than those relying on paper records. The findings remained consistent across different insurance types, including Medicaid and uninsured patients.
Researchers have developed a new wind turbine blade material that is lighter, tougher, and more durable than current materials. The polyurethane reinforced with carbon nanotubes outperforms existing resins for wind blades applications.
Researchers have imaged individual cancer cells and their routes as they spread in a mouse model of glioblastoma multiforme. The novel cryo-imaging technique provides unprecedented insights into how tumor cells invade and disperse.
The university is supporting pre- and post-doctoral training programs in dental public health to address the gap between those with and without dental care. The funding will support efforts to provide access to dental care for underserved communities.
A natural defense mechanism has been uncovered that inactivates the toxin spreading C. diff by binding to it with S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), a NO-based molecule. This finding provides a basis for developing new therapies targeting toxins directly.
A team of experts from five universities and two government research institutes aims to create new materials for high-performance applications. They plan to build 3D networks of carbon nanotubes and graphene sheets to produce strong electrical and thermal conductivity.
A CWRU study reveals that distance caregivers for advanced cancer patients struggle with emotional stress, lack of control, and limited access to information about their loved ones' condition. Researchers aim to design a program using new technologies to bridge the distance gap.
Two new rodent fossils, Mesoprocta hypsodus and Quebradahondomys potosiensis, were discovered in southern Bolivia's highlands. The rodents likely lived in forested habitats, with the larger species possibly foraging on the ground and the smaller one being arboreal.
A recent study led by Amy Przeworski at Case Western Reserve University found that people with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) exhibit four distinct interactive styles - intrusive, cold, nonassertive, and exploitable - which manifest their worries in different ways.
Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine has received a $2.1 million grant from the National Center for Research Resources to develop additional basic research models for cystic fibrosis (CF). The researchers aim to understand the cellular and molecular mechanisms causing CF and explore potential therapeutic approaches.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University have developed an artificial lung that uses air instead of pure oxygen, achieving efficiencies comparable to the genuine organ. The device is a significant step towards creating easily portable and implantable lungs, with potential use in humans within a decade.
Case Western Reserve University researchers developed a new computer modeling method that accurately predicts how peripheral nerve axons respond to electrical stimuli, slashing the process from weeks to just seconds.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University have restored breathing function in an adult rodent model of spinal cord injury by biologically regenerating lost nerve connections to the diaphragm. The enzyme-based technique showed promising results, with 80-100% breathing function restored and maintained for six months.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University found that mesenchymal stem cells can inhibit an overactive immune system and promote tissue repair. These cells have shown potential in treating conditions such as acute heart attack, stroke, kidney failure, and juvenile diabetes.
A study by Christopher A. Cullis found that the environment influences helpful mutations in plants, even within a single generation. The experiment showed each strand of flax responded differently to its grown conditions, and the LIS-1 sequence appeared in response to nutrient deficiencies.
Researchers have discovered a cellular factor called SAMHD1 that inhibits HIV infection in myeloid cells, part of the body's immune system. This discovery may help explain why some individuals can control HIV better than others and could provide a basis for new therapies to block HIV replication.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University discovered a genetic factor that regulates obesity-induced inflammation contributing to chronic health problems. By controlling levels of Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) in macrophages, they may develop a novel treatment for obesity and its complications such as diabetes and heart disease.
Researchers discovered that Mtr4p, a RNA helicase, controls the number of adenosines appended to RNAs by TRAMP complex. This tagging is critical for cell function and preservation of normal cell process initiation.
A CWRU researcher studied the effectiveness of the In Our Own Voice program in reducing mental illness stigma and improving mental health literacy among teens. The study found that girls who participated in the program showed improved knowledge of mental illness, but more interaction with presenters was needed to reduce stigma.
Linguist Mihailo Antovic's study reveals that children from diverse ethnic backgrounds can comprehend musical tones in a similar way. He hopes to prove this phenomenon is not unique to Serbia but rather a global understanding of music.
Case Western Reserve University is partnering with industry to improve solar energy technologies' productive lifetime. The S-Durability and Lifetime Extension Center will expose materials under solar radiation of up to 1,000 suns and various environmental factors.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University have discovered that parts of the moon's interior contain as much water as the Earth's upper mantle. The presence of this water challenges the current theory of the moon's formation and strengthens the idea that the moon and Earth share a common origin.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University are creating an iron-based flow battery to store energy from wind turbines and solar panels. The battery could supply electricity when demand is high, making it a useful alternative to pumped hydro and compressed air systems.
Monitoring healthcare worker adherence to mandatory hand-washing protocols is crucial in preventing outbreaks of the opportunistic C. diff bacteria. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommend vigorous washing with soap for 15 seconds before leaving a patient's room.
Case Western Reserve University researchers found that manipulating Kruppel-like transcription factor 2 can improve survival rates during bacterial infection. The study reveals that boosting immune cells in the early stages of sepsis can cause harm, while curbing the defense system in later stages is crucial to prevent shock and death.
Researchers from Case Western Reserve University are rethinking participation criteria in biomedical studies to make them more inclusive of people with disabilities. They argue that excluding people with disabilities from research can lead to missing crucial scientific evidence and health-related differences.
Research by Demaree and Schmeichel found that people with high working memory capacity are better at controlling their emotions after receiving harsh criticism. They use a coping mechanism to make themselves feel better, resulting in less negative emotions.
A recent study by nurse researchers found that 29% of overweight and obese individuals reported exercising for six months, while 39% regularly exercised. The study suggests that just because someone is overweight does not mean they are not exercising or considering it.