Microstructure simulations reveal strong influence of elastic deformation on charging behavior of layered oxides used as cathode of sodium-ion batteries. The study found that fast charging creates mechanical stress that may damage material permanently, leading to degradation mechanisms and reduced capacity.
A team of KIT researchers identified a new cell type in blood vessels responsible for vascular growth, which may allow for novel therapeutic strategies to treat ischemic cardiovascular diseases. The discovery was made using single-cell sequencing and revealed that organ-specific molecular codes promote vessel growth.
Researchers have found evidence of a multifault network at subduction interfaces, contradicting the long-held concept of a single main fault. This discovery has significant implications for modeling earthquakes and predicting risks, which could lead to improved forecasts and mitigation strategies.
A comparative study assesses options for mass production of perovskite solar cells, revealing the potential of vacuum-based processes. Vacuum vapor-phase deposition outperforms solvent-based manufacturing in terms of energy costs and material efficiency.
Researchers at KIT's Institute for Advanced Membrane Technology found that the interplay of hydrodynamic forces, friction, and forces of attraction and repulsion affects adsorption in membrane nanopores. This study provides basic findings with respect to water processing and may benefit ultra- and nanofiltration processes controlled by...
A new process developed by KIT researchers reduces steel production's greenhouse gas emissions by several hundred million tons per year. The technology, known as dry reforming, replaces coke with hydrogen-rich synthesis gas to support iron oxide reduction in blast furnaces.
Researchers at KIT have developed a method that uses radiation more efficiently to produce images of micrometer resolution, allowing for longer observation times of small living organisms. The method combines X-ray phase contrast with a Bragg magnifier and photon-counting detector.
The researchers developed an AI-based generative neural network called GAN that can generate highly resolved radar precipitation films from coarsely resolved maps. This higher resolution is required to better forecast heavy local precipitation and the resulting natural disasters in future.
Researchers develop AI methods to analyze photoluminescence data and identify factors influencing coating quality. The findings provide a blueprint for improving production processes and boosting the efficiency of highly efficient solar cells.
Researchers developed nanoparticles to transport Gemcitabine directly into tumors, increasing efficacy and sparing healthy cells. The approach shows potential to treat pancreatic carcinomas more accurately and with reduced side effects.
Researchers at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) discovered that applying mechanical pressure to strontium ruthenate increases its transition temperature and facilitates deformation. This is attributed to quantum mechanics resonance of electron oscillations, making the material softer.
Researchers have discovered that water and UV radiation can rapidly degrade the crosslinked polymers in diaper liners without the need for chemicals. This process breaks down the chains linking the polymers, turning them into liquid fibers that can be used to create new products such as adhesives and dyes.
Researchers at KIT have developed a system for activating and catalytically transferring ammonia, which does not produce waste. This breakthrough could provide a sustainable source of nitrogen, overcoming the limitations of conventional catalysts based on transition metals.
Researchers from KIT and HeiGIT found that optimized land use can increase food production by an average of 83%, water availability by 8%, and CO2 storage capacity by 3%. This would be achieved by preserving tropical and boreal forests, using temperate latitudes for croplands, and utilizing tropical and subtropical savannas for pastures.
A global redistribution of nitrogen fertilizer use could reduce grain production in North America, Europe, and East Asia while increasing it in Sub-Saharan Africa. This would decrease nitrogen pollution by 71 percent and positively affect nitrous oxide emissions.
A recent study by KIT researchers found that geothermal power plants in the Upper Rhine Valley and Northern German Basin could cover between 2 and 12 percent of Germany’s annual lithium demand. The model developed for the study describes lithium extraction in the Upper Rhine Valley, with parameters transferable to other joint systems.
Researchers in East Europe have recalculated the carbon sinks in the region, finding that they stored most of Europe's carbon between 2010 and 2019. However, data shows a decline in carbon absorption over time, with timber extraction having the biggest influence on the land-based carbon sink.
Enzyme-based materials exhibit unparalleled stability, durability, and catalytic activity due to self-assembling junctions. Foams can facilitate more efficient production of valuable compounds, such as tagatose, in sustainable processes.
Researchers have successfully created nano-sized rings using sandwich complexes, which consist of two aromatic organic rings filled with a central metal atom. The new compound, called cyclocene, exhibits unique properties and is expected to expand the toolbox of organometallic chemistry.
Researchers from KIT developed a non-invasive method to localize ventricular extrasystoles using deep learning and convolutional neural networks. The approach achieved accurate localization in 82% of clinical cases, potentially transforming the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
Researchers at KIT have developed nanoparticles that can carry antibiotics directly to the lungs, increasing drug concentration and reducing resistance. The nanocarriers, containing Bedaquilin or BTZ-043, overcome biological barriers and show effectiveness in treating multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.
Researchers at KIT have developed highly efficient photoreactor panels that can be inserted into inexpensive modules for mass production of hydrogen or fuels. The technology could make the use of fossil energy carriers superfluous and provide a climate-neutral alternative, with costs estimated to be around $22 per square meter.
Researchers from KIT developed a new strategy for producing highly efficient and stable deep-blue organic light-emitting diodes. The new molecule exhibits dual-channel intra-/intermolecular exciplex emission, resulting in high external quantum efficiency of 20.35% and luminance of 5000 cd/m2.
Researchers have developed a process to print glass at lower temperatures, resulting in high-resolution optical-grade glass structures with excellent mechanical properties. The hybrid organic-inorganic polymer resin allows for the free-form printing of robust glass structures directly on semiconductor chips.
Scientists at KIT have created a two-dimensional photonic time crystal, which amplifies electromagnetic waves and can be used to build more powerful and efficient wireless transmitters and receivers. This breakthrough discovery also enables surface wave amplification, improving communication efficiency in integrated circuits.
A new mechanochemical recycling method recovers up to 70 percent of lithium from battery waste, making it inexpensive, energy-efficient, and environmentally compatible. The method uses aluminum as a reducing agent and can be applied to various cathode materials.
The study identifies the origin of winegrowing as one of the earliest human activities, with evidence suggesting that grapes for wine production and table grapes have a shared origin. The research also highlights the impact of climate change on grapevine domestication, revealing genetic diversity across the globe.
A KIT study reveals that low-temperature aquifer thermal energy storage is a promising technology for reducing greenhouse gas emissions from heating and cooling buildings. The study found that over 54% of German territory is suited well or very well for this system, with the potential to increase by 13% by 2100.
Researchers found that current methods for estimating plastic pollution in rivers are flawed, underestimating plastic waste by up to 90 percent. The study suggests new approaches be developed to better model the transport of plastic particles in rivers, taking into account both surface and sub-surface conditions.
A team of researchers from KIT, Heidelberg University, and QUT developed a laser printing process that can print micrometer-sized parts in a few hundred milliseconds. They achieved this by crossing red and blue laser beams, allowing for high-speed and high-resolution printing
The Braess paradox causes power grids to become more unstable with new transmission lines, contrary to expectations. A prediction tool has been developed to support grid operators in making informed decisions.
Researchers at KIT have developed a method to suppress nine-tenths of a chromosome using CRISPR/Cas molecular scissors, preventing genetic exchange and allowing positive traits to be passed on together. This technique can improve the efficiency of crop breeding by combining favorable traits in one plant.
A new study by Petra Nieken found that charismatic leadership tactics and consistent video communication lead to better performance in remote work. In contrast, traditional charisma questionnaires did not predict staff performance. The study suggests that managers should convey a consistent impression when using the video channel.
Scientists at KIT create a prototype for fully scalable all-perovskite tandem solar modules with an efficiency of up to 19.1 percent, enabling commercial viability through optimized light paths and established industrial coating methods.
The study achieved an efficiency of nearly 25 percent, surpassing previous values, by combining perovskites with CIS. The hybrid material enables the production of light and flexible tandem solar cells suitable for various applications.
A study published in Nature Geoscience found that clouds likely prevented oceans from being completely covered by ice, allowing life to survive. The research used global climate models and an idealized energy balance model to investigate Cryogenian climatic conditions, revealing the importance of clouds in predicting climate changes.
Researchers found a significant link between ultrafine particle emissions and extreme weather events, such as droughts and strong precipitation. An increase in particle numbers correlates with regionally changed precipitation patterns worldwide.
A new technology developed by KIT researchers uses polymer membranes coated with titanium dioxide to break down steroid hormones and other micropollutants in wastewater. The process is efficient, removing hormone concentrations close to the World Health Organization's drinking water guideline.
A recent study by KIT and BGR predicts declining groundwater levels in Germany until 2100, regardless of the climate scenario. The worst-case scenario indicates significantly falling groundwater levels in North and East Germany by the end of the century.
The KIT researchers developed a method to specifically eliminate individual cell types using CRISPR-Kill, preventing the formation of specific organs during plant development. This technique induces multiple cuts in the genome, leading to the death of the affected cells.
Scientists from Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) have successfully embedded enzymes in metal-organic frameworks to enhance their stability. This innovation enables the use of these enzymes in both aqueous and organic solvents, leading to improved productivity and stability in continuous reactors.
Researchers have identified a novel material with long coherence lifetimes, enabling the storage and processing of quantum states. The discovery paves the way for quantum information processing and has potential applications in quantum computing, simulation, and secure communication.
A study by KIT and international partners found that protecting 30-50% of the terrestrial land surface could lead to increased agricultural production, higher food prices, and reduced food consumption, resulting in a higher risk of diet-related diseases. Poorer countries would be disproportionately affected.
The KATRIN experiment has constrained the mass of neutrinos to a new upper limit of 0.8 eV, breaking into the sub-eV mass range relevant to cosmology and particle physics. This achievement demonstrates unprecedented precision in determining the mass of neutrinos.
Scientists have developed a novel optical component based on silicon nanoparticles, allowing for the specific control of light direction, color, and polarization. This technology has potential applications in transparent screens, augmented reality, and scientific research, enabling precise control over light behavior.
The new two-step absorption process allows for the use of small and inexpensive blue laser diodes, reducing the size and cost of 3D laser printers. This innovation has the potential to democratize access to 3D printing technology, making it more affordable for various groups.
Researchers have developed a novel sensor that can detect and track the movement of nanoparticles in space, providing insights into biological processes. The sensor uses an optical resonator to capture light interactions with nanoparticles, allowing for the measurement of their three-dimensional motion.
Researchers found that cells form transcription factories through phase separation, similar to liquid condensation. This process enables rapid and reliable gene activation, advancing cancer treatment and DNA-based data storage systems.
Researchers from KIT and TU Darmstadt developed a novel sensor for gas molecules by combining a graphene transistor with a customized metal-organic coating. The sensor selectively detects ethanol and responds to neither other alcohols nor humidity.
Scientists from KIT have investigated the behavior of iridium oxide catalysts under dynamic conditions using X-ray absorption spectroscopy. The study reveals highly unexpected structural modifications connected to a stabilization of the catalyst at high voltages, contributing to more efficient and sustainable green hydrogen production.