Itepekimab, a novel monoclonal antibody, has been found to be safe and effective in treating moderate-to-severe asthma. In a phase 2 trial, it significantly improved lung function and reduced asthma control events compared to placebo.
Researchers have proposed new diagnostic criteria for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) that include environmental exposure, symptoms and abnormal CT scans. The criteria may help identify an additional 2-5 million people with COPD, leading to better care and potential research into slowing or preventing the disease.
Researchers identified glycerol monolaurate in human breast milk as a compound fighting pathogenic bacteria while allowing beneficial bacteria to thrive. Human breast milk has more than 200 times the amount of GML found in cows' milk and infant formula.
A recent study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that nintedanib slows the progression of a broad range of scarring lung diseases. The medication was shown to be effective in patients with progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease, regardless of the underlying cause or pattern of lung fibrosis.
Researchers found that African American children respond better to increasing inhaled corticosteroids or adding long-acting beta agonists compared to step-up therapies. The study highlights the need for tailored treatment approaches for subgroups of asthma patients, particularly those with African ancestry.
A new study aims to investigate the origins of asthma in Puerto Rico by following 4,000 children from birth through early childhood. The team plans to use genetic techniques to identify biological drivers of disease and biomarkers that may predict outcomes.
Eczema patients' skin shows shorter lipids that protect less effectively, allowing irritants to enter and setting the stage for lesions. An allergic immune response shortens lipids, making skin more susceptible to eczematous lesions.
Researchers found that mepolizumab increased remission rates by 28% and cut exacerbations in half compared to placebo. The medication also reduced the need for corticosteroid therapy, with 12 patients able to discontinue steroid treatment completely.
Researchers at National Jewish Health have identified Age-associated B Cells (ABCs) as a key driver of autoimmune diseases such as lupus and Crohn's disease. The study found that ABCs cause the immune system to attack organs and tissues, leading to chronic inflammation and tissue damage.
Researchers at National Jewish Health discover that pre-treating mice with antihistamines reduces gastrointestinal symptoms of peanut allergy. The study provides new insights into food allergy development and suggests potential therapies for prevention and treatment.
Exacerbations of COPD accelerate lung-function loss among patients with mild disease, according to researchers. The study found that exacerbations resulted in significant additional decline in FEV1 lung function, particularly among GOLD 1 patients.
Charles Daley, Irina Petrache, and James Crapo receive awards for their work on tuberculosis diagnosis, women in pulmonary medicine, and COPD research respectively. The American Thoracic Society honors their contributions to improve patient outcomes in respiratory diseases.
A recent study published in JAMA Internal Medicine found that more than half of long-term smokers and ex-smokers who pass lung-function tests have respiratory-related impairments. The researchers evaluated 8,872 people aged 45 to 80 who had smoked at least a pack of cigarettes a day for 10 years.
Researchers at National Jewish Health found a response in human cells consistent with vaccination response in mice, using a mutated insulin fragment. The finding suggests an immune response in humans could lead to a vaccine and treatment for diabetes.
A large study found that male smokers are more likely to develop osteoporosis and vertebral fractures compared to female smokers. Current guidelines do not recommend osteoporosis screening for men, but the researchers suggest that smokers of both genders should be screened for low bone density.
Researchers found that pioglitazone enhances ROS production in white blood cells, killing difficult-to-treat pathogens. This finding demonstrates a relevant contribution to host defense in mouse and cellular models of chronic granulomatous disease.
Researchers discovered how beryllium changes the shape of immune system proteins, triggering an inflammatory response in the lungs. The findings describe a new form of immune response that combines elements of allergic hypersensitivity and autoimmunity, with potential for new therapeutic strategies.
A study published in the American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology suggests that TNF-α, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, accelerates lung recovery and reduces scar tissue in mice with pulmonary fibrosis. The researchers found that inflammation can be beneficial during the healing process, rather than just causing scarring.
Researchers have discovered that genes expressed in the nasal passages can serve as accurate proxies for those expressed deeper in the lungs. This breakthrough allows for less invasive and more affordable genetic profiling of asthmatic patients, potentially leading to improved treatment options and better understanding of the disease.
A study published in the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology found that bronchial thermoplasty reduces severe asthma exacerbations, emergency department visits, medication use, and missed workdays for at least 5 years. The treatment also shows stable rates of respiratory adverse events and respiratory-related hospitalizations.
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) inhibits immune response against cancer by binding to killer T cells, preventing them from recognizing and attacking nascent tumors. The LPA5 receptor is responsible for this inhibition, which can halt tumor growth.
Researchers at National Jewish Health have identified Cyp11a1 as a potential target for treatment of food allergies. Blocking the enzyme's activity in sensitized mice prevented diarrhea and inflammation, reducing levels of proteins associated with allergies.
A genome-wide association study of over 6,000 people has identified seven new genetic regions linked to pulmonary fibrosis. The research provides clues to the disease's mechanisms and suggests a possible connection between genetic variants and environmental factors.
Researchers at National Jewish Health discovered that alum, a common vaccine adjuvant, works by coating with host DNA, inducing T cells to interact longer with the vaccine, resulting in a stronger immune response. This breakthrough could lead to more effective vaccines and improved public health outcomes.
Researchers at National Jewish Health have discovered a naturally occurring lipid, POPG, that reduces inflammation and inhibits infection by the influenza virus and RSV. The lipid offers a promising approach for the prevention and treatment of these respiratory infections.
Women with NTM infections show a weaker immune response linked to their body fat levels. The study also found that tall and thin individuals share characteristics with Marfan syndrome, suggesting a genetic link to increased susceptibility.
A new study published in The Journal of Allergy & Clinical Immunology shows that immunotherapy using peanut protein drops can desensitize patients to peanuts by up to 10 times. After 44 weeks, 70% of participants increased their safe consumption level from 3.5mg to 496mg.
Intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) therapy provides anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory benefits through its diverse antibody content, benefiting patients with autoimmune diseases and potentially expanding to Alzheimer's treatment options.
Scientists at National Jewish Health identified a novel target for treating peanut allergies by inhibiting Pim 1 kinase, which increases in the intestines of allergic mice. Treatment with a small molecule inhibitor reduced allergic symptoms, including diarrhea and histamine levels.
A recent study published in Journal of Physical Activity and Health found that parents can positively impact their children's physical activity by increasing their own activity levels. When mothers reached or exceeded a daily step goal, their children took significantly more steps on average.
A study found that over 70% of preschool children with food allergies experienced significant reactions, while caregivers administered epinephrine only 30% of the time. The researchers highlight the need for increased vigilance and education on treating food allergies.
Researchers are enrolling patients to detect lung cancer through volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath. Early detection can significantly improve treatment options and survival rates.
Researchers combine a blood test with CT imaging to screen for cancer, aiming to detect early-stage lung cancers while reducing biopsies and operations. The trial may improve survival rates and reduce the toll of lung cancer on patients.
Researchers found that Listeria uses nitric oxide to evade the immune system and facilitate cell-to-cell spread, allowing it to multiply in its host. This strategy allows pathogens like Rickettsia and HIV to spread throughout the host in a similar manner.
Researchers have identified a novel genetic mechanism underlying idiopathic CD4 lymphopenia, an immunodeficiency characterized by low levels of CD4 T cells. The mutation affects Unc119's ability to activate T cells and reduce Lck signaling, leading to impaired T cell proliferation.
Researchers found that infection with gammaherpesvirus 68 significantly reduces lupus symptoms in mice, including decreased antibodies, reduced tissue damage, and inhibited activation of lymphocytes and dendritic cells. The study suggests a possible mechanism for how the virus protects against autoimmunity.
A $950,308 grant from GlaxoSmithKline will provide primary health care teams in the San Luis Valley with hands-on training to diagnose and manage asthma. The program aims to improve sustainable improvements in asthma care for a rural population at risk for significant disparities in health.
Researchers discovered vitamin D's mechanism to inhibit inflammation by binding to DNA and activating the MKP-1 gene. Vitamin D levels above 30 ng/ml significantly reduced inflammatory responses.
Scientists have discovered a new gene involved in lipid synthesis of Plasmodium falciparum, the major cause of human malaria. This breakthrough technique allows for the mapping of genes in the parasite, which could lead to the discovery of new medications and a better understanding of the disease.
Researchers found that quantitative CT scans can identify patients with greater airway wall thickness and emphysema, who are at higher risk for frequent exacerbations. These findings could lead to individualized, targeted management of COPD disease.
Researchers at National Jewish Health have discovered a natural lipid, POPG, that inhibits influenza infections in cell cultures and mouse models. The molecule suppresses inflammatory responses, viral propagation, and cell death associated with influenza infection.
Researchers aim to develop rescue treatments within hours of exposure to toxic gases like mustard gas and chlorine gas. The goal is to prevent or limit progressive damage to airways and skin, as well as clear blockage of airways.
Researchers identified cells and signaling molecules that trigger lung repair in mice. Fibroblast growth factor 10 (FGF10) induces epithelial cells to revert to a stem-cell state, proliferate, and repopulate the lung lining.
Researchers at National Jewish Health found that T-cell receptors from mice continue to function with shark, frog, and trout receptor pieces substituted in. This interaction between the T cell and MHC molecules is crucial for immune defense and organ transplants.
A team of researchers at National Jewish Health discovered a type of B cell that may contribute to autoimmune disease, particularly in women. These cells produce autoantibodies and are more prevalent in elderly female mice, young and old mice prone to autoimmune disease, and humans with autoimmune diseases.
Research at National Jewish Health found that poorly controlled asthma doubles healthcare costs, with children missing an average of 18 days of school annually. Proper education and supervision can improve asthma control and reduce costs, improving the lives and chances for success of affected children.
Researchers have been awarded grants to develop innovative therapies for pulmonary fibrosis, autoimmune disease, cancer, and arthritis. The projects include a joint aspirate facilitator device and novel compounds for Pseudomonas biofilm disruption.
A combination of two adjuvants induces CD8 killer T cells to join antibodies in response to influenza infection, potentially boosting vaccine effectiveness. The strategy has promise for a universal flu vaccine that wouldn't require annual reformulation.
Researchers at National Jewish Health discovered a genetic variation associated with pulmonary fibrosis, which increases production of mucus and may play a significant role in the disease. The study found that nearly two-thirds of patients carry the variation, which is linked to the MUC5B gene.
Researchers at National Jewish Health have discovered a critical signaling pathway involved in acute lung injury (ALI), which causes 40% mortality with no approved therapy. The study identified HER2 as a promising target for therapy, building on existing breast-cancer medications.