Researchers have successfully generated high-power, narrowband terahertz radiation at room temperature using a single semiconductor chip. This breakthrough could enable rapid security screening, border protection, high-sensitivity biological/chemical analysis, and astronomical applications.
A new study explains why leaders are often perceived as strong and dominant, despite their generosity. In non-competitive contexts, generous individuals are admired and respected, but in times of competition, they are seen as weak and submissive.
A new Northwestern University study found that adolescents in mixed friend groups were insulated from the influence of peers who were delinquent or low-academic achievers. Neighborhood violence and territorial boundaries constrained their friendship choices.
A new material made of carbon nanotubes provides a cost-efficient alternative to current technology, boosting the long-term viability of solar power. The material's mechanical flexibility enables integration into fabrics and clothing, paving the way for portable energy supplies.
Researchers at Northwestern University have discovered edible compounds that efficiently detect, capture and store carbon dioxide. The porous crystals, made from sugar, salt and alcohol, are simple to prepare and turn red when full of CO2.
Researchers found that bortezomib inhibits transforming growth factor beta, a protein essential for scar tissue growth, preventing its development in human cells and mouse models. The drug also prevented expression of proteins necessary for scarring in fibroblast cells from scleroderma patients
African-American men are up to 3.5 times more likely to have Vitamin D deficiency than Caucasian men, requiring higher supplementation doses. Skin color and sunlight exposure play a crucial role in Vitamin D production.
Researchers developed semiconductor materials that detect gamma rays, identifying plutonium and uranium. The method uses dimensional reduction to create heavy elements with immobilized electrons, making them suitable for detection.
A new Northwestern University study confirms that human males are biologically wired to care for their offspring, showing that fatherhood significantly lowers testosterone levels. The study found that fathers who became more involved in child care experienced the largest decline in testosterone.
The Materials Research Science and Engineering Center at Northwestern University has received a six-year, $16.2 million grant to support its interdisciplinary research program and educational activities. The center aims to develop new nanoscale materials with applications in information processing, electronics, and sensing technologies.
Researchers at Northwestern University have discovered a new protein called P21, which acts as a protective barrier against hyperactive immune cells in people with rheumatoid arthritis. By inhibiting the immune cells' destructive rampage, the bouncer molecule halts the disease process, offering a promising new avenue for future therapies.
Researchers at Northwestern University have developed a new model for predicting disease spread by considering the base location of individuals. This approach creates significant differences in disease predictions compared to traditional models.
Scientists identify genetic differences between mild and deadly Plague bacteria, revealing the role of small non-coding RNAs in disease severity. The study provides new insights into the evolution of pathogens and potential therapeutic targets for deadly diseases like the Plague.
Researchers found that a genetic switch in master neurons inhibits the proper functioning of protective cell stress responses, accumulating misfolded and damaged proteins. Restoring this natural ability could offer a new target for therapy, improving cellular health and quality of life.
Scientists have discovered a common cause of all forms of ALS, a fatal neurodegenerative disease, by identifying a broken down protein recycling system in neurons. This finding provides a common target for drug therapy and suggests that all types of ALS are tributaries pouring into a common river of cellular incompetence.
Researchers will use genome-wide association studies to identify genetic variants associated with diseases, enabling the adjustment of patient medications and prevention of diseases. The eMERGE network has already identified genetic variants linked to dementia, cataracts, type 2 diabetes, and more.
A new study from Northwestern University finds that Chicago's south and southwest sides suffer the most in terms of residents' health and access to basic health resources. The study highlights significant disparities in healthcare access, including limited mammogram screening and HIV testing sites.
A Northwestern University study reveals that people with arthritis are not engaging in physical activity critical to their health. The research found that more than half of women and 40 percent of men with arthritis were inactive.
A novel nanostructure mimics vascular endothelial growth factor to promote blood vessel growth, potentially treating conditions like peripheral arterial disease. The nanostructure shows promise in restoring blood flow and has a longer half-life compared to the natural protein, enhancing its potency.
Researchers from Northwestern University have discovered a brain chemical, Substance P, that causes abnormal bone growth in injured muscles. This discovery offers a potential molecular target for preventing and treating heterotopic ossification.
A study published in the Journal of Adolescent Health found that teenagers with high positive well-being had reduced risk of engaging in unhealthy behaviors and reported excellent health in young adulthood. Positive psychological characteristics during adolescence are linked to improved long-term health outcomes.
A Northwestern University meta-analysis reveals that leadership continues to be viewed as culturally masculine, perpetuating barriers to women's advancement. The study finds that women are seen as less qualified or natural in leadership roles, and adopting masculine behaviors can lead to being viewed as inappropriate.
Research from Northwestern University found that 50% of college drinkers report at least one alcohol-induced memory blackout in the past year. Students who experienced these blackouts were more likely to suffer alcohol-related injuries, highlighting the need for better screening and interventions.
A phase II clinical trial found that injections of adult patients' own CD34+ stem cells reduced angina episodes and improved exercise tolerance time. The treatment showed significant improvements in chest pain and exercise duration at six months after treatment.
Scientists discovered that brain activity increases when viewing same-race and other-race faces, but only predicts whether an other-race face will be remembered. The study suggests that individuation process is fragile for other-race faces due to lack of practice and social categorization.
A new Northwestern Medicine study finds that attending physicians in intensive care units can reduce mortality rates by 50% when using a checklist and prompted to address overlooked details. The prompting system cut ventilator-associated pneumonia cases and reduced ICU length of stay.
Researchers at Northwestern University recreated ancient copper artifact-making techniques using large stones, fire, and elbow grease. They analyzed discarded copper pieces found on the ground of a 'copper workshop house' in Cahokia and determined that coppersmiths likely hammered and heated copper to create thin sheets.
Researchers at Northwestern University recreated ancient copper artifact-making techniques used by prehistoric Native Americans of Cahokia. They analyzed small pieces of discarded copper and determined that the coppersmiths likely hammered the copper with a heavy rock, then heated it in a wood fire to create thin sheets.
The study found significant racial disparities in children's media use, with minority youth spending an average of 13 hours per day on media compared to 9.5 hours for their white counterparts. Minority youth also tend to watch more TV and listen to music, while Asian youth spend more time playing video games and using computers.
A Northwestern University study found that cancer survivors experience moderate to severe symptoms such as pain, fatigue, and disturbed sleep, often unaddressed by healthcare providers. Researchers emphasize the need for education programs and tailored interventions to manage these chronic symptoms.
Research by Northwestern University and Wake Forest University found that fast disclaimers undermine consumers' trust in unfamiliar brands, while trusted brands remain unaffected. Trusted brands can use fast disclaimers without impact on purchase intention.
New Northwestern University research finds that gay young men in serious relationships are six times more likely to engage in unprotected sex than their casual counterparts. The study highlights the need for targeted HIV prevention efforts towards this population, who account for nearly 70% of all new diagnoses.
A new study shows that nearly 70% of men with rising PSA levels and subsequent normal biopsies were eventually diagnosed with prostate cancer. Rising PSA velocity over several years should prompt clinicians to follow patients more closely, even with negative biopsy results.
According to a Northwestern University study, African Americans are more likely to start using Twitter, particularly those interested in celebrity news and having higher Internet skills. The research found 37% of black students used Twitter in 2010 compared to 21% of white students.
Planarian flatworms can regenerate their entire body from a small piece of tissue due to the critical role of an ancient gene called notum. Notum determines whether a head or tail will regrow at amputation sites, enabling the worms to restore missing body parts.
A Northwestern University study finds that lifelong musical training can benefit adults by offsetting age-related decline in memory and ability to hear speech in noisy environments. Musicians aged 45-65 outperform non-musicians in auditory memory, hearing speech in noise, and other cognitive functions.
Astronomers at Northwestern University have developed a computer simulation that explains how hot Jupiters form with flipped orbits around their stars. The study, published in Nature, suggests that gravitational perturbations from other planets in the system can cause the inner planet to lose energy and orbit closer to its star.
A group of prominent social scientists weigh in on topics such as the future of African American studies and intra-minority group relations. The authors explore how racial minorities will react to demographic shifts, with some finding that a separate line of research suggests distinct racial minority groups may react differently.
A Northwestern University study found that people who go to bed late and sleep in eat more fast food, fewer fruits and vegetables, and weigh more than those with earlier sleep times. The extra calories consumed can lead to significant weight gain if not balanced by physical activity.
A Northwestern University study found that many people are unaware of the active ingredients in over-the-counter pain relievers, such as acetaminophen. The researchers suggest developing a universal icon for acetaminophen to raise awareness and prevent misuse.
A team of researchers at Northwestern University has created a terahertz invisibility cloak that manipulates light to render objects invisible in the terahertz range. This design could have implications for biomedical research, security and communication.
Researchers at Northwestern University have found that using electronic medical records to identify patients with diseases can be faster and cheaper than recruiting thousands of participants. The study used data from five national sites to accurately identify patients with five types of diseases, achieving accuracy rates of 73-98%.
A new Northwestern Medicine study found that hospitalization can lead to temporary memory loss and difficulty understanding discharge instructions in seniors. However, the cognitive impairment typically resolves on its own within a month after hospital discharge.
Researchers at Northwestern University have developed a model that simulates how rats use their whiskers to sense objects around them. The model enables further research on the human sense of touch and may provide insights into new technologies that could utilize the whisker system.
A new PSA test has been shown to detect aggressive prostate cancer more accurately than current tests and reduce unnecessary biopsies. The Pro-PSA test uses a specific PSA subform called (-2) Pro-PSA and can be analyzed with a mathematical formula to provide an overall Prostate Health Index.
Researchers use Closterium moniliferum algae to remove strontium, a major component of nuclear waste, by sequestering it in solid crystals. The algae's ability to differentiate between strontium and calcium can help isolate highly radioactive 'high-level' waste from 'low-level' waste.
A gene variation passed on by mothers to their sons makes them vulnerable to fetal alcohol exposure, disrupting thyroid hormone balance and causing behavioral deficits. Researchers propose dietary supplements to reverse or fix enzyme dosage in the brain, potentially treating FASD.
A new study found that normal-weight young adults who frequently attend religious activities are 50% more likely to become obese by middle age. This association holds even after adjusting for demographic factors such as age, race, and education level.
The new switching device enables high-speed routing of quantum bits along a shared network, maintaining entanglement information. This practical step toward creating a quantum Internet could achieve secure encrypted information and ultra-fast quantum computing.
A Northwestern University research team found that binding chemotherapy drugs to nanodiamonds significantly improves the effectiveness of cancer treatment, particularly in cases where tumors are resistant to conventional therapies. The discovery holds promise for treating aggressive cancers with fewer toxic side effects.