Researchers at Ohio State University have developed a novel strategy for treating multiple myeloma by genetically modifying T lymphocytes to target the CS1 molecule on myeloma cells. The modified cells were shown to efficiently destroy human multiple myeloma cells in laboratory studies and animal models.
Researchers at Ohio State University found that microRNA-3151 promotes AML-cell growth and survival by blocking tumor-suppressor gene TP53. High expression of miR-3151 is associated with a bad prognosis, while inhibition with the drug bortezomib offers a possible therapy.
Researchers discovered that microRNA-135b (miR-135b) is overexpressed in both mouse and human colorectal tumors, associated with poor clinical outcomes. The study suggests that miR-135b could be a valuable target for colorectal cancer treatment and a biomarker of tumor progression.
A new study from Ohio State University found that the NRAS gene produces five different variants, rather than just one original form, which may help improve cancer treatment. The discovery of these variants could lead to the development of more effective drugs targeting the NRAS pathway.
A new study found that CDK4 inhibitors may promote the development and progression of certain B-cell lymphomas driven by the MYC oncogene. Inhibiting CDK4 leads to genetic instability and genomic alterations associated with cancer growth.
The Ohio State University has partnered with MedVax Technologies Inc. to develop a cancer peptide vaccine technology for the treatment and prevention of several types of cancer. The partnership aims to bring this groundbreaking technology into clinical trials in the near future, with the goal of improving patient outcomes.
Researchers at Ohio State University found that inhibiting the enzyme PRMT5 can significantly improve survival in an animal model of GBM. High levels of PRMT5 are associated with aggressive growth and lower overall survival rates in brain cancer patients.
Researchers at Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center identified a molecular pathway that enables cancer cells to grow in low-oxygen environments. By targeting this pathway, therapeutic strategies may be developed to inhibit tumor growth with minimal side effects.
A new study from Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center found that the quality of cancer stem cells, rather than their quantity, may be associated with better survival rates in patients with HPV-related oral cancers. Researchers discovered that HPV-positive tumors had fewer cancer stem cells, contrary to previous expectations.
Researchers at Ohio State University discovered a seven-gene panel associated with DNA methylation that can identify patients with the best or poorest outcomes in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) treatment. Patients with low scores, indicating few highly expressed genes, had better complete-remission rates and longer survival rates.
Researchers at Ohio State University confirm that ibrutinib targets Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK), a critical molecule in chronic lymphocytic leukemia cell growth and proliferation. Inhibiting BTK delayed CLL development and improved overall survival in mouse models.
A recent study led by Ohio State University researchers reveals that the virus that causes cervical cancer can directly damage host DNA and contribute to cancer development. The study used whole-genome sequencing to investigate the relationship between HPV and human genomes in cancers.
Researchers found that tumors release factors into the bloodstream that inhibit muscle fiber repair, leading to muscle loss in cancer patients. The study identifies new strategies and drug targets for treating cancer cachexia, a condition that causes life-threatening weight loss and lean muscle mass loss.
Researchers at Ohio State University have discovered that high levels of microRNA-31 in primary tumor cells predict lymph node metastasis and poor survival in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Low expression levels were associated with excellent survival.
A new study found that microRNA-486 (miR-486) is a potent tumor-suppressor molecule in lung cancer. It regulates the proliferation and migration of lung-cancer cells and induces programmed cell death.
The National Cancer Institute has renewed a five-year, $11.3 million grant to support research on thyroid cancer at The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center. The study focuses on four integrated projects to better understand genetic pathways and signaling in epithelial thyroid cancer.
A new study by Ohio State University researchers found that replication-dependent histone isoforms have distinct cellular functions and play a role in cancer development. The study showed that changes in expression of these isoforms can influence cell proliferation and tumor growth.
Researchers at Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center discovered that the tumor-suppressor gene A20 is silenced due to the loss of microRNA-29, leading to increased levels of NF-kB and tumor progression. This finding could guide the development of more effective therapies for soft-tissue sarcomas.
Researchers at Ohio State University have restored immune function in spinal injured mice, providing a potential explanation for why people with spinal cord injuries become susceptible to infections. By targeting specific hormones involved in autonomic dysreflexia, the study offers new therapeutic targets for reversing central immune d...
Scientists at Ohio State University have identified two regions on the HER1/EGFR receptor as potential targets for peptide-based cancer vaccines and therapeutic agents. These peptides show promise in inhibiting tumor growth in breast and lung cancer models.
A laboratory study shows that a nanotechnology drug called SapC-DOPS crosses the blood-brain barrier and targets brain-tumor cells, retarding growth of tumor blood vessels. The agent also sensitizes hypoxic cells to killing, supporting further development as a novel treatment for glioblastoma.
A phase Ib/II trial showed an overall response rate of 71% for CLL patients and a 68% response rate for MCL patients, with estimated progression-free survival rates of 75% and 58% respectively. Ibrutinib has been shown to target Bruton's tyrosine kinase, a protein critical in B-cell receptor pathway for tumor cell survival.
A recent study published in Oncogene identified a biochemical pathway in cancer stem cells that is essential for promoting head and neck cancer. The study shows that the Nanog protein, normally active in embryonic stem cells, promotes the growth of cancer stem cells in head and neck cancer.
A study at Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center identified a mesenchymal subtype of glioblastoma as the most aggressive and lethal form of brain cancer. The mesenchymal subtype is characterized by high levels of the enzyme ALDH1A3, which drives tumor growth and resistance to radiation.
Researchers found that cytomegalovirus (CMV) can speed the progression of glioblastoma, a deadly form of brain cancer, when particular genes are shut off. CMV was found to stimulate tumor-cell proliferation by activating a biochemical cell pathway called STAT3.
A new study identifies microRNA-155 as a potential treatment target and prognostic marker for patients with cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia. High levels of miR-155 expression are associated with poorer patient outcomes, including lower complete remission rates and shorter overall survival.
A big data analysis identified 37 RNA molecules that may predict survival in breast cancer patients with the most common form of invasive ductal carcinoma. The study found a concise RNA signature associated with patient outcome, including early-stage tumors and those with clinical and molecular subclasses.
Researchers at Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center found that AS1411 reduces cancer aggressiveness by inhibiting microRNA maturation, while restoring sensitivity to fulvestrant in resistant cells. The study suggests a new strategy for treating breast cancer.
Researchers have discovered a new mechanism by which the human papilloma virus (HPV) causes head and neck cancer and designed a drug that blocks this mechanism. The findings could lead to a safer, more effective therapy for HPV-caused cancer, potentially reducing the need for high-dose chemotherapy.
A recent study by Ohio State University researchers has identified specific small molecules in the blood that can accurately measure damage to the body after ionizing radiation exposure. The findings suggest that these microRNA markers could help doctors identify individuals at risk for acute radiation syndrome and plan personalized ra...
A large-scale study found that abnormal microRNA levels can be used to classify triple-negative breast cancer into four subtypes. The findings could lead to more effective therapies and personalized treatments for individual patients.
A new study suggests that age affects treatment outcomes for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients. Researchers found that optimal therapy differs between younger and older patients, with CD20 antibody therapies showing promise as front-line treatment for all CLL patients regardless of age.
A new study finds that a reduced intensity conditioning regimen before marrow transplant significantly boosts disease-free survival rates among older AML patients. With a rate of 39%, this approach outperforms traditional methods in preventing relapse and improving patient outcomes.
The study found that 71% of previously untreated older patients experienced a complete or partial response to ibrutinib treatment. After 22 months of follow-up, the disease had not progressed in 96% of previously untreated patients. Ibrutinib's potential as a highly active, well-tolerated first-line therapy for CLL is promising.
Women with advanced breast cancer who wait over 60 days for treatment face significantly higher risks of dying. Early detection and timely treatment can increase five-year survival rates to as high as 98 percent.
Researchers found that natural killer cells in patients quickly eliminate anticancer viruses used to treat brain tumors, reducing their effectiveness. Blocking these immune cells may help improve treatment outcomes for glioblastoma patients.
Researchers at Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center discovered that high levels of interleukin-15 can cause large granular lymphocytic leukemia, a rare and usually fatal form of cancer. The study led to the development of a treatment with no discernible side effects.
A new class of treatment has been identified against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), a 'superbug' responsible for difficult-to-treat illnesses. The compound, developed from an anti-cancer agent, shows promise in treating MRSA-infected mice and has the potential to combat drug-resistant tuberculosis.
A new study published in the journal Head & Neck has demonstrated the safety and efficacy of robotic surgery through the mouth for removing tumors from the throat and voice box. The procedure resulted in minimal blood loss, no surgical complications, and short hospital stays.
Researchers at Ohio State and the Sarawak Biodiversity Centre are collaborating on the development of silvestrol, a tropical tree-derived compound showing promise in treating acute and chronic leukemia. The team aims to isolate and purify the agent for laboratory and animal studies.
Researchers at Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center have discovered how tamoxifen-resistant breast-cancer cells grow and proliferate. They suggest an experimental agent might offer a novel targeted therapy for these resistant tumors.
Researchers at Ohio State University discovered that combining two peptide agents with a low-dose chemotherapy drug can delay tumor onset and progression in breast cancer models. The treatments caused few side effects.
Researchers at Ohio State University found that liver cancer cells lose the ability to produce glucose due to microRNA-23a overexpression. Suppressing miR-23a might reverse this process and offer a new treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma, the most common form of liver cancer.
A new study suggests that loss of microRNA-122 leads to liver cancer and that restoring this molecule may slow tumor growth. The researchers developed a model where mice lack miR-122 and develop liver cancer, which can be treated by restoring the molecule.
Researchers at Ohio State University have identified a new mechanism that promotes cancer growth and spread by releasing tiny vesicles containing microRNA, which alter immune cell behavior. The study suggests a new strategy for treating cancer and diseases of the immune system.
Researchers at Ohio State University found that the loss of microRNA-125b (miR-125b) shuts down normal cell metabolism and enables cancer cells to proliferate. The study reveals a new mechanism by which chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) develops, providing potential targets for new drugs.
A novel family of experimental agents targeting the transport protein CRM1 may offer a new treatment for acute leukemia. The agents, called KPT-SINEs, have been shown to inhibit leukemia-cell proliferation, arrest cell division, and induce cell death and differentiation in animal models.
Researchers sequenced the bonobo genome to identify key differences with humans and chimpanzees, finding over 2.5 million transposon insertions unique to the bonobo genome. These findings may help understand the genetic basis for traits shared among humans, chimpanzees, and bonobos.
Researchers identified a molecular marker that quickly distinguishes between fast- and slow-progressing forms of chronic leukemia. The finding enables patients with aggressive disease to start treatment sooner.
Researchers at Ohio State University have identified a 'life-and-death' molecule on the surface of chronic leukemia cells that targets CD37. The finding could lead to more effective therapy for CLL, an as yet incurable cancer that occurs in over 16,000 Americans annually.