Researchers at Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center discovered a small inherited change in DNA responsible for overactivating the BAALC gene, which is associated with poor treatment response in acute leukemia. The study found that high levels of RUNX1 protein are linked to high BAALC gene expression.
Researchers have revised the glioblastoma classification system to accommodate treatment advances and molecular markers, aiming to better identify patients requiring aggressive therapy. The new system incorporates clinical variables, molecular biomarkers, and tumor characteristics to provide a more relevant prognosis.
A phase I/II clinical trial indicates that older patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia respond well to the experimental drug ibrutinib, which has few side effects and a high one-year survival rate. The study suggests that ibrutinib deserves further testing as a first-line therapy for elderly CLL patients.
Researchers at Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center identified microRNA-3151 as a new independent prognostic marker in certain patients with acute leukemia. The study found that overexpression of miR-3151 leads to poor treatment responses and shorter survival periods, independent of other gene mutations.
Researchers at Ohio State University have discovered two essential repressor genes, E2f7 and E2f8, that control cell proliferation in the placenta. The absence of these genes leads to overcrowded and poorly organized cells, hindering embryonic development.
Brain-tumor cells infected with a cancer-killing virus release CCN1, which initiates an antiviral response that reduces viral replication and limits its cytolytic efficacy. This mechanism may help control viral infections and improve oncolytic viral therapy for glioblastoma.
Researchers have identified microRNA-155 as a molecule that controls the severity of acute graft-versus-host disease in leukemia patients who receive bone-marrow transplants. Reducing or blocking miR-155 expression decreases GVHD severity and increases survival, suggesting a new strategy for treating the condition.
A new study reveals that tonsils can produce T lymphocytes, a critical type of immune cell, contradicting the long-held belief that they only develop in the thymus. The research found five distinct stages of T-cell development in the tonsil, similar to those in the thymus, but with some differences.
A new study by Ohio State University researchers found that mobile DNA elements, called transposons, can significantly disrupt gene expression and cause biological variation in mice. The study discovered that these elements can influence gene expression even when located far away from the affected gene.
Researchers at Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center develop an oncolytic measles virus to treat disseminated human medulloblastoma. The treatment extended survival by 122% in a model of disseminated brain cancer, with treated animals surviving up to 82 days on average.
Researchers at Ohio State University have discovered a pattern of microRNAs that distinguishes early-stage breast tumors from deadly, invasive cancer. The findings suggest a potential biomarker for identifying high-risk DCIS tumors that may become invasive.
Researchers found that MET gene overexpression leads to deregulation of microRNAs, causing gefitinib resistance in lung cancer. Combining targeted drugs with microRNA blockers may improve treatment efficacy.
A new study shows that targeting a specific microRNA, miR-221, can prolong the lives of mice with human liver cancer. The treatment also boosted activity of tumor-suppressor genes in these animals.
Researchers at Ohio State University found that normal cells in tumors can enhance cancer cell growth after losing a tumor suppressor gene called Pten. The study suggests interrupting signals between normal cells and cancer cells as a new approach to treating breast cancer.
A new study identified a gene mutation that dates back to 11,600 B.C. and causes a rare vitamin B12 deficiency called Imerslund-Gräsbeck Syndrome. The mutation was found in people of Arabic, Turkish, and Jewish ancestry and is believed to have originated in a single prehistoric individual.
Researchers at Ohio State University have discovered a hereditary cancer syndrome that increases risk for uveal melanoma, lung cancer, brain cancer, and possibly other types of cancer due to mutations in the BAP1 gene. The study identifies six families with this syndrome, which can be screened for using a clinical test.
Researchers identified a high-risk subgroup among older AML patients with mutated ASXL1 gene, showing significantly shorter survival and lower complete remission rates. The study's findings could lead to more effective targeted therapies for these patients.
A new drug, KPT-SINE, targets CRM1 protein to restore normal cell death pathways in cancer cells. This study provides proof-of-concept data for phase I clinical testing of KPT-SINE in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and related diseases.
A phase Ib/II clinical trial reveals that PCI-32765 is highly active and well-tolerated in 61 relapsed CLL patients, with 70% achieving complete or partial remission after 10 months of treatment. The agent targets Bruton's tyrosine kinase, a key protein for CLL-cell survival.
Researchers found that dopamine injections improved blood flow to tumors, doubling the concentration of an anticancer drug and increasing its effectiveness. Dopamine also normalized the structure of abnormal tumor blood vessels, a condition typically associated with reduced chemotherapy and radiation therapy effectiveness.
Male mice have lower catalase activity, leading to higher oxidative stress and increased susceptibility to UVB-induced skin damage. Women may have natural antioxidant protection that reduces their risk of developing skin cancer.
Researchers at Ohio State University Medical Center have developed a viral vector designed to deliver a gene into the eyes of people born with an inherited form of blindness. The trial aims to treat choroideremia, a disease affecting 100,000 worldwide, and holds promise for other genetic causes of blindness like retinitis pigmentosa.
A new fourth-generation oncolytic virus has shown greater effectiveness against human brain cancer, improving survival by 50% compared to previous versions. The virus is engineered to replicate in cells expressing nestin, a marker for neuronal stem cells and glioblastoma.
Researchers have discovered a method to visualize gene number and protein expression in individual cells, potentially leading to clearer understandings of cancer and complex diseases. The fluorescent in situ gene protein assay combines FISH and in situ proximity ligation to resolve individual protein molecules.
Researchers discovered that glioblastoma cells depend on large amounts of cholesterol for growth and survival, and that pharmacologically depriving them of cholesterol leads to death. This new strategy may lead to significantly more effective treatments for patients with this lethal form of brain cancer.
Researchers at Ohio State University Medical Center found a biological switch that converts white fat to brown fat, leading to reduced abdominal fat mass and improved metabolism. The discovery uses environmental enrichment to activate a nerve and biochemical pathway that stimulates the transformation.
TRIAD simplifies biomedical research by aggregating and analyzing rare data, reducing time spent on data translation. The platform is adopted by multiple institutions worldwide, including the National Cancer Institute, for groundbreaking projects like CLL Research Consortium.
A novel gene therapy approach combining with radiation therapy has been found to be safe and effective in treating glioblastoma multiforme, a deadly form of brain cancer. The treatment stimulates an immune response against the tumor, producing an 'immunogene therapy' effect.
Researchers at Ohio State University found that lenalidomide interacts with P-glycoprotein, a molecule that pumps toxic chemicals out of cells. This interaction may lead to increased toxicity and require safer dosing of the drug in various diseases. The study involved 21 patients with relapsed multiple myeloma.
Researchers at Ohio State University discovered that indirubin blocks the migration of glioblastoma cells and endothelial cells, preventing tumor growth and spread. This compound, derived from Indigo plants, may offer a novel therapeutic strategy for treating deadly brain tumors.
A phase II clinical trial found PCI-32765 to be highly active in treating chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), achieving complete remission in one patient and partial remissions in 62% of previously untreated patients, with tolerable side effects.
A study found that a specific gene change can predict which brain cancer patients respond well to treatment, allowing for personalized therapy. The gene MGMT methylation status was associated with improved overall and progression-free survival in patients treated with radiation and chemotherapy.
Researchers at Ohio State University found that adding low-dose sorafenib to chemotherapy and radiation can improve treatment efficacy while reducing harsh side effects. The triple combination was well-tolerated in an animal model.
Researchers identified characteristic patterns of molecules called microRNA (miRNA) in the blood of people with lung cancer that may reveal its presence and aggressiveness. These patterns could potentially lead to a blood test for early detection, even up to two years before tumor formation.
A new experimental drug, PCI-32765, has shown promising results in selectively targeting and killing malignant B cells in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients. By inhibiting key signaling molecules and promoting apoptosis, the agent reduces the risk of life-threatening infections associated with current CLL therapies.
A collaborative effort aims to tackle health disparities in Appalachia through research collaborations, community engagement, and translational science. The Appalachian Translational Research Network (ATRN) will focus on addressing obesity, smoking, and diabetes to improve health outcomes in the region.
A phase II study of selumetinib has shown promising results in patients with advanced biliary cancer, with significant tumor shrinkage and weight gain observed. The drug blocked the MEK protein, which is often damaged in biliary cancer cells, suggesting a new standard of care may be established
A new study by Ohio State University researchers shows that chronic inflammation can lead to cancer by stimulating the production of microRNA-155, which increases the rate of spontaneous gene mutations. This discovery suggests that reducing miR-155 levels may improve treatment for inflammation-related cancers.
A recent study by Ohio State University researchers has identified a gene mutation that causes microcephalic osteodysplastic primoridal dwarfism type 1 (MOPD1), a rare developmental disorder. The defect, triggered by a tiny gene mutation, greatly slows growth in the uterus and causes severe brain and organ abnormalities.
A new international study suggests that consuming strawberries may help protect against esophageal cancer by slowing precancerous growth. Six months of daily strawberry consumption decreased histological grade and reduced cancer-related molecular events in patients with esophageal precancerous lesions.
Researchers found that HIV requires base excision repair proteins to integrate its DNA into the host genome, identifying novel targets for anti-HIV drugs. The study suggests that drugs targeting these cellular proteins may avoid resistance and have fewer side effects.
Researchers developed two peptide inhibitors targeting HER-2 and VEGF pathways, showing additive benefits in reducing tumor burdens with minimal side effects. The strategy aims to overcome acquired resistance and provide clinical benefit in several types of cancer.
A new study published in Journal of Clinical Oncology found that adding targeted therapy bevacizumab to treatment for advanced ovarian cancer patients is not cost-effective. The researchers analyzed a clinical trial and found that the additional survival benefit was offset by high costs.
Researchers identified a small subset of NKT cells in normal white blood cells that give rise to rare large granular lymphocyte leukemia. Targeting interleukin-15 signaling and NKp46 may offer a new way to prevent this leukemia.
Researchers at the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center found that combining rituximab with fludarabine can produce long-term remissions in CLL patients. After nearly 10 years of follow-up, 13% of patients achieved remissions lasting more than seven years.
A cancer-causing retrovirus exploits key proteins in host cells to extend cell life and spread. The study found that the viral protein targets ATM and REG-gamma, leading to prolonged cell survival and increased virus transmission.
A study published in JAMA reveals that chromosome changes disrupt a molecular network influencing CLL outcome, providing new targets for treatment. Patients with 13q deletion generally have better prognosis than those with 11q or 17p deletions.
A study by researchers at Ohio State University found that an enzyme-armed virus can spread more effectively through brain tumors and improve survival rates. The enzyme helps the virus clear a path through protein molecules, allowing it to destroy cancer cells more efficiently.
Researchers at Ohio State University have identified a link between PI3K/AKT signaling and epigenetic silencing in breast cancer. Combining an agent that inhibits PI3K with a drug that reverses gene silencing significantly slows tumor growth, suggesting a new approach for treating the disease.
A recent study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that losing the NFKBIA gene promotes glioblastoma multiforme growth and reduces survival. Restoring this gene may improve survival for certain patients with glioblastoma, as it inhibits tumor cell growth and increases sensitivity to chemotherapy.