A study found that children born preterm or post-term performed lower on academic tests, with those born extremely early showing the most significant decline. Poor fetal growth was also associated with reduced academic performance.
A study found that soiled clinical linens can contaminate surfaces with C. difficile bacteria, even in clean areas of a laundry facility. This highlights the potential risk of environmental contamination and emphasizes the importance of infection prevention in healthcare settings.
A study found that regular physical activity, consuming more fruits and vegetables, and being normal weight or overweight are associated with improved cognitive function. Higher levels of physical activity may mediate the relationship between fruit and vegetable consumption and better cognitive performance.
A study of 34 countries found that women married before age 15 are at increased risk for domestic violence. Women who marry as children often experience spousal age gaps, power imbalances, social isolation, and lack of female autonomy, which contribute to higher rates of domestic violence.
A new study found two types of heightened Twitter discussions related to mental health, including expected increases before planned events and unexpected spikes following unanticipated events. Social media could be a valuable avenue for public health information on mental health.
Despite previous concerns, a new review of evidence suggests that night shift work is unlikely to increase breast cancer incidence. A meta-analysis of three large UK studies and seven previously published studies found no significant association between night shift work and breast cancer risk.
Researchers report two cases of accidents caused by playing Pokémon Go while driving and walking. Players became distracted by the game and lost control of their vehicles or swerved into obstacles. The study highlights the potential risks of augmented reality games on physical safety.
A new study found that a user-centric control interface significantly improves performance of drone pilots, resolving some of the user control issues undermining drone safety. The findings suggest that current remote control methods can lead to hazards and accidents.
A 10-year study found that moderate to high caffeine consumption was linked to a 36% reduced risk of dementia. The researchers analyzed data from over 6,400 postmenopausal women and adjusted for various risk factors.
A recent study found that parents who reproduce later in life are more likely to have children with autism disorders, while older mothers are associated with reduced risks. In contrast, advanced paternal ages were linked to increased risks of most autistic disorders in offspring.
Researchers found that banning tobacco sales within 1,000 feet of schools significantly reduces the number of tobacco retailers while minimizing disparities by income level and proportion of African American residents. Implementing such a ban could lead to potential health benefits for low-income communities.
A study of 204,186 people across 46 low- and middle-income countries found that low physical activity is associated with a diagnosis of psychosis, particularly among males. However, psychotic-like symptoms without a diagnosis are not linked to inactivity.
A survey of US physicians reveals they frequently discuss e-cigs with patients, recommending e-cigs as a way to reduce smoking, but cautioning against using them to quit. However, the study found that many doctors are uncertain about their knowledge of e-cigs and are often asked by patients about their use.
The Journal of the European Economic Association will be published by Oxford University Press starting in January 2017. This move is seen as a remarkable achievement, especially considering JEEA's growth in submissions over the last decade.
A new study finds that antiepileptic drugs used to control seizures can trigger psychotic symptoms in certain individuals, particularly women and those with temporal lobe epilepsy. Researchers screened the medical records of over 2,300 patients with epilepsy and identified a link between these medications and psychosis.
A new study published in Nicotine & Tobacco Research demonstrates that nicotine suppresses body weight gain in rats independent of food intake. The study suggests a potential link between nicotine exposure and weight regulation, offering insights into the development of obesity pharmacotherapies.
A review paper suggests that estrobolome disparities could help develop microbiome-based biomarkers for mitigating certain cancers. The gut bacterial genes capable of metabolizing estrogens play a crucial role in shaping systemic estrogen levels.
A new study found that electronic health records (EHRs) frequently fail to capture comprehensive mental health data, resulting in potential medication errors and patient harm. The research highlights the importance of supplementing EHR-derived data with external sources to improve patient care.
Oxford University Press launches Biology Methods & Protocols, a new open access journal focusing on biological sciences methods and protocols. The journal aims to provide a common forum for methodology and protocol papers, benefiting from an international editorial board led by Dr. Silvia Ayora.
A recent study has found that most US cancer prevention guidelines do not provide sufficient information on benefits and harms, making it difficult for clinicians and patients to make informed decisions. The researchers analyzed data from various guidelines and found that 39% of recommendations were given comparable ratings, while 14.5...
A study published in the JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that PET scans did not improve two-year survival rates for lung and esophageal cancer patients. The researchers suggest potential overuse of PET scans in detecting recurrence, warranting efforts to decrease unnecessary utilization.
The journal has devoted its first special issue to gun violence, with notable findings including household gun ownership increasing risk of gun suicide and statutes restricting DVROs reducing fatal intimate partner violence.
Experts have issued a framework to guide difficult prioritization decisions among children in need of scarce life-saving chemotherapy treatment. The modified utilitarian model maximizes total benefit from available supply, considering factors like curability, prognosis, and drug importance.
The Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology will now be published by Oxford University Press USA, publishing original articles on neuropathology and experimental neuroscience since 1942. The journal is the official publication of the American Association of Neuropathologists, Inc.
A study published in JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that virtual colonoscopy had higher detection rates than traditional methods like FIT and OC. The researchers concluded that combination of lower attendance and higher detection rate makes CTC a key factor for optimization of its role in population screening.
A study analyzed 787 phase II/III clinical trials sponsored by the National Clinical Trials Network, finding that increased competition, planning to enroll a larger proportion of the available population, and lack of new agents were associated with poor accrual. The researchers developed a multivariable prediction model to identify tri...
A study published in JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that ultrasound sensitivity is comparable to mammography, but with a higher false-positive rate. The researchers suggest considering ultrasound as a supplemental test for women with dense breasts or those unable to tolerate MRI.
A new study found that a three-step intervention can increase the likelihood of hiring women in STEM faculty positions, making up for the current dearth of women in the field. The results show search committees in the intervention group were 6.3 times more likely to make an offer to a woman candidate.
A study published in JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that continuous joint use of estrogen and progestin reduces the risk of endometrial cancer by 35% in postmenopausal women. The study analyzed data from 16,608 women aged 50-79 with normal uteri, who were randomly assigned to daily estrogen plus progestin or placebo.
A new study published in Nicotine & Tobacco Research found that exposure to e-cigarette ads increased curiosity and trial of e-cigarettes among young adults. Approximately 6% of never-users tried an e-cigarette within six months after ad exposure, compared to 1.2% of unexposed individuals.
A recent US study found that some adult smokers who quit within the last year used e-cigarettes as a quitting aid. The study analyzed data from the 2014 National Health Interview Survey and found that nearly half of daily cigarette smokers have ever tried e-cigarettes. Daily e-cigarette use was more common among adults over age 25 than...
Current 20- to 29-pack-year smokers are at similar risk for lung cancer as 30+ pack-year former smokers who meet current guidelines. The study's findings suggest caution when recommending LDCT screening to this group due to untested assumptions and potential harms.
A new study found that laparoscopic hysterectomy without morcellation was the most effective procedure, while laparoscopic hysterectomy with power morcellation was associated with more intraoperative complications but fewer perioperative risks. The risk of cancer dissemination and mortality varied by age, with higher risks for older wo...
The e-cigarette special issue covers topics such as market trends in U.S. retail, use among young people, and chemical composition of e-cigarettes. Key findings include confusion about e-cigarettes' safety and potential for innovative research.
Researchers discovered a consistent reduction in gray matter volume in the right anterior insula portion of the brain across all 4 ethnic groups studied. This finding suggests that this region may provide valuable information for diagnostic evaluations in various Axis I disorders.
Researchers found a network of DNA sequence variations associated with high survival rates among long-lived smokers, suggesting that genetics play a role in stress resistance and genomic stability. These genetic markers were also linked to a nearly 11% lower cancer prevalence.
A study of 515 premenopausal patients found that younger women with stage 0-III hormone receptor-positive breast cancer are less likely to initiate or continue tamoxifen treatment due to concerns about side effects and fertility, highlighting the need for targeted interventions.
A nine-gene molecular prognostic index (MPI) provides accurate survival stratification for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. The MPI combines gene expression profiles with clinical data from a large database, enabling robust and clinically applicable predictions.
Research on monarch butterfly conservation highlights declining population trends, with survival rates dropping from 1997 to 2014. The studies also suggest that Karner blue butterflies are being protected through a cutting-edge recovery program in Wisconsin.
A recent study published in the American Journal of Hypertension revealed a decline in blood pressure levels among US children and adolescents over the past decade. The study analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1999-2012, finding that mean blood pressure levels, as well as the prevalence of elev...
The study estimates the total cost of smoking in California at $18.1 billion for 2009, down from $7.6 billion and $15.8 billion in previous years. This decline is attributed to a decrease in adult smoking prevalence and a shift towards less intense smoking habits.
New studies reveal that hypertensive individuals experience higher rates of cognitive decline compared to non-hypertensive populations. Additionally, African Americans with hypertension bear a disproportionate burden of disability and mortality associated with the condition. These findings underscore the importance of effective managem...
A new study found that higher levels of soluble TNF receptor type two (sTNF-RII) are linked to reduced memory performance among breast cancer patients before treatment. Memory impairment was observed in patients compared to age-matched control subjects.
A study published in JNCI found that women with tubal ligation who develop aggressive endometrial cancer types have lower mortality rates. The researchers suggest that TL reduces cancer cell passage through the fallopian tubes, lowering disease stage and mortality.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 36 observational studies found that nut consumption is associated with a decreased risk of colorectal cancer, endometrial cancer, and pancreatic cancer. However, it was not linked to type 2 diabetes.
A study found that smaller volumes in certain brain regions, such as the amygdala and medial prefrontal cortex, predict an increased likelihood of escalating stimulant use. Researchers identified individual differences in brain structure as potential biomarkers for vulnerability to drug addiction.
A new study published in Nicotine & Tobacco Research found that breastfeeding for at least 90 days can significantly reduce smoking in the months following childbirth. The study, which followed 168 pregnant smokers, discovered that breastfeeding was the only significant predictor of change in smoking behaviors among these women.
A new study found that cancer-related post-traumatic stress is associated with very limited cognitive impairment before treatment among newly diagnosed breast cancer patients. The study, published in the JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute, analyzed data from 166 breast cancer patients and 60 matched controls.
A recent study published in the JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute found a surprising association between shorter telomeres and decreased cancer mortality. The researchers analyzed data from two prospective cohort studies involving over 64,000 individuals and discovered that those with longer telomeres had higher genetic sc...
A new study published in the Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences found that mortality and blood pressure are directly linked to relationship quality. The research revealed that wives' stress has significant implications for husbands' blood pressure, particularly in negative relationships.