Research finds gut protein Smad7 mobilizes immune cells, triggering inflammation in the central nervous system of MS patients. Analyzing intestinal tissue samples from MS patients confirms results, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for this debilitating disease.
Researchers created an alloy of titanium, tantalum and scandium that functions for a long time even at high temperatures. By adding a few percent of scandium, the alloy avoids the unwanted omega phase, which was previously a major limitation in high-temperature shape memory alloys.
Researchers from Ruhr-University Bochum and University of Oxford studied a dripstone from India's Mawmluh Cave to reconstruct the Indian monsoon's past climate. They found the monsoon was less reliable 125,000 years ago, suggesting global warming may lead to similar changes.
Researchers at Ruhr-University Bochum identified why certain enzymes like hydrogenases are unstable in oxygen. By analyzing structural changes on an atomic level, they hope to protect these proteins against oxygen in future biotech applications.
Researchers found that women using hormonal contraception experienced reduced benefits from exposure therapy compared to those not taking oral contraceptives. Symptom severity decreased after therapy, but improved more for those without hormonal contraception.
A research team from Bochum and Marseille has developed a self-defence mechanism in biocatalysts that shields them from oxygen, extending their service life up to 22,000 years. The new design uses tiny molecular spheres to create an extremely thin protective film that maintains efficiency.
Researchers have created a new measurement method to determine the electrochemical activity of individual noble-metal-free nanoparticle catalysts. This breakthrough could lead to more efficient hydrogen production through water electrolysis by using affordable alternatives to precious metal catalysts.
A German-Australian team of researchers has successfully converted carbon dioxide into ethanol and propanol using metallic nanoparticles, also known as nanozymes. This breakthrough is based on the principle of enzyme cascade reactions, where complex molecules are produced from comparatively simple raw materials.
The Crispr method enables researchers to monitor proteins' function live under natural conditions, eliminating the need for overproduction. This facilitates analysis of genes and gene products, allowing for more accurate results.
Researchers discovered physically linked mating type loci in 24 Trichosporonales fungi species, with highly conserved gene sequences. This is unusual, as mating type chromosomes tend to degenerate during evolution, and the mechanisms stabilizing these loci will be analyzed in future studies.
Researchers at Ruhr-University Bochum have developed a novel molecule that can control its magnetic properties through visible light. The discovery has significant implications for the development of flexible and processable magnetic materials, which could be used in a range of applications including data storage and chemical sensors.
A team from Ruhr-University Bochum has deciphered a new mechanism that enables the regeneration of nerve fibers in the brain and spinal cord. By eliminating the inhibiting protein PTEN, researchers can partially restore regenerative capacity in nerve cells, but direct inhibition is not suitable due to cancer risks.
Quantum dots have been successfully modified to produce interference-free photons, paving the way for quantum communication. Researchers eliminated interferences by adding an aluminium arsenide layer grown above the quantum dots in the wetting layer.
Researchers identify various disease mechanisms underlying progressive MS, highlighting the need for precise therapy approaches targeting different pathomechanisms. Financial obstacles, including patent expirations, also hinder the development of new drugs.
A team of researchers from Ruhr-University Bochum and Emory University observed the movement between individual water molecules for the first time, revealing new insights into their interactions. The findings help to better understand the intermolecular energy landscape and the strange properties of water.
A new strategy for designing light-sensitive proteins has been developed by researchers at Ruhr-Universität Bochum. They combined computer-aided and experimental methods to create a more targeted approach, enabling the manipulation of protein building blocks without impairing function.
The brains of individuals with exceptional general knowledge exhibit efficient structural networking, allowing for better information integration and recall. This is evident in a recent study where participants with more efficient fibre networks scored higher on the Bochum Knowledge Test.
A team of researchers from Ruhr-Universität Bochum has successfully created new organic molecules with magnetic properties, which retain stability up to -110 degrees Celsius. These compounds could be the key to developing lightweight, transparent, and flexible magnetic materials.
A team of researchers at Ruhr-Universität Bochum has shown that the supposed disorder in the HMGA1a protein is not disorder after all. The protein adopts dynamic, more compact structures that depend on its phosphorylation state. This discovery could lead to new therapeutic strategies for cancers caused by HMGA1a.
Researchers from Ruhr-Universität Bochum and University of Oxford reveal the mechanism behind activating hydrogenases, complex enzymes that produce hydrogen efficiently. The discovery sheds light on the process of introducing a chemical cofactor into the enzyme's active center.
Researchers at Ruhr-Universität Bochum identified a new mechanism for deactivating switch proteins, which regulate various body processes. The discovery provides insights into disease mechanisms and could lead to the development of anti-cancer drugs.
Researchers found a positive correlation between passive Facebook use and depressive symptoms in individuals with an increased need for social comparisons. Long-term use of social networks can also lead to lower self-esteem and greater depressive tendencies.
A study published in Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews found that between 66-72% of people hold infants with their left arm. The preference is similar across men and women, and may be linked to emotional processing in the brain.
A study found that women tend to procrastinate due to a genetic predisposition towards high dopamine levels, which affects brain regions involved in decision-making and impulse control. This trait is not observed in men, who show no correlation between the tyrosine hydroxylase gene and action control.
Researchers use combinatorial synthesis and thin-film material libraries to accelerate discovery of new materials. Automated data analysis enables machine learning and artificial intelligence to aid the search for new materials.
Researchers discovered theta oscillations play a role in navigation and memory formation, reactivating location-specific activity patterns during virtual reality navigation. This finding may help identify novel biomarkers for neurological disorders like Alzheimer's.
Scientists at Ruhr-University Bochum created underwater plasmas using optical spectroscopy and modelling, producing extreme conditions that briefly surpass the sun's temperature. The resulting plasma breaks down water molecules into their components, releasing oxygen crucial for regenerating catalytic surfaces.
Researchers found 87 genes in E. coli bacteria that protect against plasma treatment, including a heat shock protein Hsp33. The study suggests that genetic changes can increase plasma resistance in bacteria.
Scientists at Ruhr-University Bochum have developed nanocatalysts made from cobalt iron oxide that achieve high reaction rates in oxygen generation without the need for binders. The catalysts exhibit exceptional stability under extreme conditions, making them a promising alternative to expensive precious metal catalysts.
A research team created an artificially produced antibody fragment that successfully blocks the transport of antibiotics and chemotherapy agents out of cancer cells. By binding to a specific protein, the fragment prevented the protein from splitting ATP, thus stopping the transport process.
Researchers find that hydrochloric acid releases its proton in interstellar space when added to water molecules in a specific order; however, the process can be reversed depending on the initial cluster formation.
A study by Ruhr-University Bochum found that daily stress levels are positively correlated with Facebook engagement and addiction risk. Users who receive little offline social support are most at risk of developing a pathological dependence on the platform.
Research suggests both single neurons and large neural assemblies support spatial navigation; a potential link has been discovered between the two, with EEG oscillations potentially constituting the connection.
Researchers developed a new method to use rare and expensive catalysts sparingly by encasing precious metal salts in micelles. The process efficiently catalyzes oxygen reduction in fuel cells, outperforming traditional methods.
Researchers at Ruhr-Universität Bochum have discovered a new class of high entropy alloys suitable for electrocatalytic applications. These materials show potential in reducing energy losses and improving activity comparable to platinum catalysts in oxygen reduction reactions.
Scientists at Ruhr-University Bochum created a new approach to observe nanoparticles before, during and after electrochemical reactions. The method allowed them to monitor the structure and composition changes of individual particles throughout their entire lifecycle.
Researchers found that piriform cortex stimulation triggers synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus, leading to enhanced memory formation. The study provides a theoretical basis for understanding the special role of olfaction in memory formation and retrieval.
Researchers at Ruhr-University Bochum developed a method to increase bioelectrode stability by operating under an oxygen-free environment. This approach effectively extends the device's lifespan and brings photobiodevices closer to efficient energy conversion.
Researchers at Ruhr-University Bochum found that administering cortisol after exposure therapy does not reinforce positive outcomes in anxiety disorders. The study, which tested arachnophobics, showed that patients who received cortisol were more likely to relapse when encountering a spider in a different context.
The discovery of channelrhodopsin-2 reveals two parallel paths in the activation of the ion channel by light, allowing for optimized applications in optogenetics. This understanding could lead to treatments for blind individuals and patients with agitated paralysis in Parkinson's disease.
Researchers have developed a novel concept for rapid data transfer using spin lasers, which can work at least five times faster than traditional systems and consume significantly less energy. The technology has the potential to revolutionize data transmission, but further optimization is needed.
A team of researchers has identified a protein complex called Lubac that marks misfolded proteins, stopping them from interacting with other proteins and directing them towards disposal. This discovery holds promise for the development of new therapeutic approaches to treat neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
A team of researchers from Ruhr-University Bochum has identified a crucial role for a sixth transport step in the regulation of peroxisome function. The study reveals that this step is essential for maintaining the balance between import and export of enzymes, preventing diseases such as infant mortality
Scientists have created a novel tool that can both control and visualize serotonin receptor signals in neural cells using light. The tool, called Camello, uses fluorescent proteins to indicate activated signalling pathways and receptor trafficking in specific domains.
Researchers discovered that a muscle protein called LIM protein (MLP) can promote nerve healing by stabilizing structures in growth cones. Blocking or suppressing MLP's function reduces nerve cells' ability to grow axons.
Researchers at Ruhr-University Bochum discovered that test subjects can influence their learning success in a tactile task through neurofeedback training. By amplifying or reducing alpha oscillations, participants experienced improved sense of touch and learning outcomes.
Researchers found that playing Tetris reduced flashbacks in patients with PTSD by 64%, offering a potential new treatment method without relying on therapists. The intervention involves writing down stressful memories and then playing Tetris to alleviate symptoms.
Researchers solved the structure and elucidated the function of photosynthetic complex I, a key element in dynamic rewiring of photosynthesis. The complex plays a major role in cyclic electron transport, allowing for efficient energy production.
Research at Ruhr-University Bochum shows that blindness disrupts brain's organisation and memory ability in mice. After vision loss, other senses like touch, hearing, and smell become more sensitive over time.
Researchers discovered a mechanism for how ice particles and certain molecules release harmful substances into the atmosphere. The study found that organic molecules attach to ice particle defects, leading to UV radiation-induced radicals that damage the ozone layer.