Articles tagged with Computer Modeling
Researchers Dr. Samson Zhou and Dr. David P. Woodruff aim to create secure algorithms for big data models using mathematical connections and cryptography ideas. They focus on streaming models, which process data in real-time, and address challenges such as randomness and different types of attacks.
Researchers at Duke University developed an assistive machine learning model that greatly improves the ability of medical professionals to read EEG charts. The model, which provides visual explanations and decision support, has been shown to almost double medical professionals' accuracy in identifying seizure-like events, potentially s...
Researchers at JPMorgan Chase, Argonne National Laboratory and Quantinuum show a quantum algorithmic speedup for the QAOA algorithm on the Low Autocorrelation Binary Sequences problem. The team demonstrates a significant step towards reaching quantum advantage, laying the foundation for future impact in production.
Researchers at the University of Liège created a new type of spiking neuron, the Spiking Recurrent Cell (SRC), which combines simplicity with the ability to reproduce biological neuron dynamics. This innovation offers exciting prospects for neuro-inspired artificial intelligence, particularly in energy-efficient applications.
Researchers found that zebrafish synchronize movements by taking turns to move and responding to neighbors' timing, a two-way process known as reciprocity. Virtual reality experiments confirmed the principle, enabling the recreation of natural schooling behavior in fish and virtual conspecifics.
A new computer algorithm has been developed to enhance the management of invasive species globally, optimizing resource allocation and reducing costs. The innovative tool is adaptable to various population dynamical models and treatment methods, improving the effectiveness of environmental conservation efforts.
Researchers at Oregon Health & Science University have received a $16.4 million grant to advance mental health care for children, leveraging machine learning and novel clinical measures to improve prediction, diagnosis, and treatment of mental health conditions across childhood and adolescence. The project aims to create an actionable ...
Warm seawater is pumping underneath Antarctica's Thwaites Glacier, causing ice to melt intensely and leading to devastating sea level rise. Researchers predict the glacier may retreat into the deeper part of the basin within 10-20 years, accelerating glacier melt and impacting coastal communities worldwide.
Researchers at the University of Bonn improved 3D ocean circulation models using supercomputing resources to analyze ocean tide changes and their impact on coastal regions. The study found that a warming ocean surface enhances baroclinic tides, leading to significant energy transfer.
Researchers from MIT and the University of Basel developed a physics-informed machine-learning framework that can automatically map out phase diagrams for novel physical systems. This approach leverages generative models, making it possible to detect phase transitions without requiring huge training datasets. The technique has potentia...
RMIT's low-carbon concrete has been shown to recycle double the amount of coal ash compared to current standards, reducing cement requirements by half. The new mixture also performs exceptionally well over time, with large concrete beam prototypes meeting Australian Standards for engineering performance and environmental requirements.
Using the Hubbard model, researchers successfully re-created key features of cuprate superconductivity, which has puzzled scientists for decades. The breakthrough demonstrates the worth of simple models in understanding complex physics.
Researchers developed a computational model simulating fruit fly wing development to identify mechanisms behind organ generation. The model revealed two distinct classes of chemical signaling pathways that produce curved or flat tissues.
A new AI model developed by researchers at the University of British Columbia can accurately predict if a patient receiving cancer care will require mental health services. The AI analyzes oncologist's notes and identifies subtle clues that suggest a patient may benefit from early psychiatric or counselling interventions.
A new computer algorithm developed by University of Oxford scientist Samar Khatiwala can drastically reduce the spin-up time of Earth System Models, enabling researchers to investigate subtle changes in model parameters and define uncertainty more accurately. This breakthrough could lead to better predictions of future climate change a...
A new computer model uses improved artificial intelligence to predict snow and water availability more accurately, considering both time and space. This information can help farmers and water planners make better decisions about water allocation.
Researchers designed a new AI model that accurately predicts treatment outcomes for stroke prevention in people with heart disease. The model, called CURE, was trained on a massive dataset of de-identified patient information and fine-tuned to focus on specific health conditions and treatments.
Researchers have found that plants help regulate the planet's atmosphere by trapping carbon and emitting oxygen, acting as a buffer against rapid climate changes. However, when climate shifts too fast for vegetation to adapt, it can lead to mass extinctions and extreme environmental changes.
A recent study by University of Technology Sydney has modelled the transfer and deposition of plastic particles in the human respiratory system. The results have identified hotspots where plastic particles can accumulate, particularly in the nasal cavity and lungs, posing a risk to respiratory health.
Researchers used big data to calculate per-country greenhouse gas emissions from aviation for 197 countries, revealing gaps in reporting requirements under the UNFCCC treaty. Countries like China and the US were found to emit the most aviation-related emissions.
A new AI model, DyLEMa, reduces ET prediction uncertainty by up to 30% and captures land use dynamics accurately. The model improves daily continuous ET data generation and estimation of soil erosion.
A new landscape evolution model suggests that the first humans in Australia migrated rapidly across the continent following riverine corridors and coastlines. The study identifies areas of archaeological significance and provides insights into the impact of climate-driven geography on human dispersal.
A Cleveland Clinic study uses reinforcement learning to design antibiotic regimens that minimize resistance and maximize susceptibility. The AI model predicts the most efficient treatment plans for multiple strains of E. coli, informing hospital-wide infection management.
Researchers created a simulation model to analyze the impact of coastal management activities on barrier islands' vulnerability to sea-level rise. The model shows that natural processes can create and maintain barriers, but human efforts to protect communities can disrupt these processes.
The position paper identifies eight key areas for digital neuroscience research, including near-term, middle-term, and long-term goals. It also discusses the potential of 'digital twin' approaches, ultra-high-resolution digital atlases, and neuro-derived AI and computing innovations.
A team of researchers at MIT has developed a new method to model the irrational behavior of humans, which can be used to predict their future actions. By analyzing an agent's previous decisions, the technique infers its computational constraints and adapts to human collaborators' weaknesses.
Researchers at the University of Cologne found that training can optimize word recognition, leading to improved reading efficiency. The 'Lexical Categorization Model' uses behavioral findings to predict brain activation and separates known words from unknown letter combinations.
Egg cells generate internal fluid flows to transport nutrients, but how these flows arise has been a mystery. Researchers used computational models and experiments to understand the mechanics of twister-like fluid flows, revealing their origin from microtubules and molecular motors.
DynGAN detects and resolves mode collapse by establishing thresholds on discriminator outputs and training dynamic conditional generative models. This improves the diversity of generated samples, surpassing existing GANs and their variants.
A study found that GPT-4 matched the performance of radiologists in detecting errors in radiology reports, with an accuracy rate of 82.7%. The use of GPT-4 resulted in lower mean correction cost per report than the most cost-efficient radiologist.
A novel machine learning model has been developed to characterize material surfaces, accurately predicting key electronic properties. The model, which employs artificial neural networks and transfer learning, shows great promise for exploring new materials with superior properties.
Researchers created a system called Holodeck to generate interactive 3D environments, leveraging language models like ChatGPT to control it. The system outperformed earlier tools in evaluating realism and accuracy, with human evaluators preferring its outputs across various indoor environments.
Mirta Galesic has been awarded a €3 million ERC Advanced Grant to investigate collective adaptation. The project, hosted at the Complexity Science Hub, aims to understand how human groups navigate complex problem landscapes using computational models and empirical data.
Chemists develop new reactions using model systems and substrates to demonstrate versatility. A new computer-aided method reduces subjective bias by analyzing real pharmaceutical compounds' complexity and structural properties. This improves data quality and facilitates machine learning applications.
A new machine-learning approach outperforms human testers in generating diverse prompts that trigger a wider range of undesirable responses from chatbots. The technique provides a faster and more effective way to ensure the safety of large language models.
Researchers developed a new model to predict future risk of pressure injuries, increasing accuracy by over 20%. The predictive algorithm offers improved economic efficiency and substantial savings, especially for underrepresented minorities.
A team of researchers developed an AI-powered computer vision model to detect Brazilian wild animals on roads and warn drivers in real-time. The system uses roadside cameras and portable computers to identify species such as anteaters, wolves, and tapirs, with the potential to save lives and reduce roadkill.
Researchers at Nagoya University developed a framework for evolving AI agents with diverse personality traits using large-scale language models. The study found that AI agents can switch between selfish and cooperative behaviors, mirroring human behavior.
A new study using machine learning reveals that great gray owls congregate near human-made structures, contrary to previous assumptions. The research used artificial intelligence modeling and large datasets to identify suitable habitats for the owl, providing a more accurate representation of its distribution.
Researchers analyzed over 3,500 river basins worldwide, finding that precipitation was the sole determining factor in only 25% of flood events. Soil moisture and air temperature were decisive factors in around 10% and 3% of cases, respectively. The study suggests that more extreme floods are caused by multiple factors interacting.
Belgian scientists developed AI models to predict beer ratings and aroma compounds, improving beer quality. The study analyzed hundreds of beers and used machine learning to connect chemical concentrations with appreciation scores.
Researchers developed a real-time temperature reconstruction technique for HIFU treatment, enabling accurate monitoring and planning. This approach uses deep learning to transform ultrasonic images into temperature images in just a few milliseconds.
A recent study investigated ChatGPT-3.5's ability to produce high-quality summaries of medical research abstracts, finding that it was accurate but not always fact-based and prone to minor inaccuracies. The model showed promise as a screening tool to help clinicians quickly evaluate article relevance but should not be relied upon for c...
Researchers have proposed an innovative quantum algorithm that effectively solves combinatorial optimization problems with constraints in a short time. The pVSQA algorithm uses a quantum device to generate a variational quantum state and transform infeasible solutions into feasible ones, achieving near-optimal performance.
A WVU study found that treating work like a game improves workers' productivity and engagement, but also increases stress levels. Gamification can boost completion times for repetitive tasks, but may push employees past their tolerance threshold, leading to frustration and physical demands.
Researchers at MIT have developed a method to analyze the behavior of granular materials, revealing their internal forces and shapes in 3D detail. This breakthrough may lead to better understanding of landslides and industrial processes.
Scientists from UC3M and Johns Hopkins University have developed a computational model that simulates the invasion process of cancer cells based on the characteristics of surrounding tissue and cell junctions. The model allows for predicting tumor evolution in patients by analyzing mechanical properties of the microenvironment.
Researchers have developed a new AI model, AsymMirai, to predict 5-year breast cancer risk from mammograms. The model performs almost as well as the state-of-the-art Mirai, but with an interpretable reasoning process, making it a valuable adjunct to human radiologists.
Numerical models help assess ecological impacts of climate change on lakes by simulating changes in phytoplankton composition and community stability. The study found that warming increased seasonal variability in phytoplankton, leading to reduced overall evenness and increased species loss over time.
A new study suggests that removing barriers to cervical cancer screening, surveillance, and diagnostic procedures can save lives and reduce disparities. If every eligible person gets the full screening and follow-up tests recommended, up to 23% fewer people would be diagnosed with cervical cancer and 20% fewer would die from it.
Researchers have discovered a universal mechanism for cell motility, applying to various types of migrating cells. Cells tend to move circumferentially on convex structures and prefer axial forward or backward motion on concave surfaces.
Researchers from UNIGE have developed an AI that can learn a task solely based on verbal instructions, then describe it to another AI, which reproduces the task. This breakthrough is promising for robotics and understanding human language.
A new AI model, called Lars, can accurately detect signs of lymph node cancer in 90% of cases, reducing workload for radiologists and increasing access to healthcare. The model was developed using a large dataset of over 17,000 images from 5,000 patients and is based on deep learning technology.
Communications of the ACM has been revamped as a web-first, open-access publication, enabling rapid article publication and enhanced reader experience. The new model aims to increase engagement with the broader computer science community, expand author reach, and showcase cutting-edge ideas and research.
Researchers developed a computer model that accurately diagnoses pulmonary hypertension in newborn infants using ultrasound images, suggesting correct diagnosis in 80-90% of cases. The model's success relies on highlighting key characteristics, allowing doctors to understand the criteria used for decision-making.
A new study led by Worcester Polytechnic Institute aims to determine whether AI can help doctors predict which patients will benefit from mindfulness-based stress reduction in managing chronic lower back pain. The research uses machine learning and physiological data from fitness sensors to detect patterns that may not be apparent to d...
A new traffic signal concept, known as the 'white phase,' uses autonomous vehicles to expedite traffic flow at intersections. The concept has been shown to improve travel time for both pedestrians and vehicles, especially when autonomous vehicles make up a higher percentage of traffic.
Researchers are developing a new framework to integrate renewable energy sources with the power grid using machine learning. The goal is to ensure efficient and stable operations while maximizing wind and solar power usage.
New research combines images with computer-enabled analysis to tackle biological questions globally. Imageomics aims to improve image classification and analysis using machine learning and computer vision, enabling faster scientific discoveries.
A computational model of the more than 26 million atoms in a DNA-packed viral capsid has expanded our understanding of virus structure and DNA dynamics. The study found that the DNA formed switchback loops as it was pushed into the capsid, similar to how DNA is organized in eukaryotic cells.