Articles tagged with Analgesics
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers discovered a compound in traditional Chinese herbal medicine that effectively alleviates both inflammatory and nerve pain, with no tolerance to addiction. The compound, dehydrocorybulbine, was found to be reproducible and has potential as a new nonaddictive treatment for chronic neuropathic pain.
A recent study led by Boston University School of Medicine researchers found that diflunisal successfully reduced neurological decline and preserved quality of life in patients with familial transthyretin amyloidosis. This repurposed generic drug demonstrates an effective alternative to liver transplantation for this devastating disease.
Researchers at Umeå University detected measurable concentrations of illicit drugs in Swedish wastewater from 33 treatment plants. The study found 13 different narcotic substances, with oxazepam, codeine, and morphine being the most common prescription drug residues.
A large study found that patients receiving etomidate for anesthesia may be at increased risk of mortality and cardiovascular events, with a 250% increase in death risk compared to those receiving propofol. The results have sparked concerns over the safety of etomidate use.
A study by Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Yale University found that moderate daily exercise can decrease joint pain in postmenopausal women taking aromatase inhibitors for breast cancer. After a year, joint pain scores decreased by 20% in the exercise group compared to 3% in the non-exercise group.
The American College of Physicians recommends clinical and administrative changes to deter prescription drug abuse while maintaining patient access to treatment. The guidelines advocate for physician, patient, and public education on the harms of medical and nonmedical use of prescription drugs.
A new study suggests that vaginal administration of erectile dysfunction medication sildenafil citrate may alleviate moderate to severe menstrual cramps with no reported side effects. Researchers found that the drug relieved pain by increasing blood flow, but the exact mechanism remains unknown.
The study examined changes in brain functional activity and central networks in subjects with migraine undergoing acupuncture at Shaoyang uncommon acupoints. Acupuncture has been shown to be a recommended treatment for migraine sufferers, but the central analgesic mechanism remains poorly understood.
Researchers have determined the structure of TRPV1, a protein that plays a central role in pain perception and heat sensation, at near-atomic resolution using electron cryo-microscopy. This breakthrough offers fresh insights to drug designers searching for new pain treatments and sheds light on the protein's unique properties.
Researchers found that oxycodone is the most popular drug due to its high quality, while hydrocodone remains a favorite despite lower euphoric qualities. Hydrocodone's popularity stems from its affordability, ease of access, and perceived safety, making it an attractive option for risk-averse users.
A global survey by the European Society for Medical Oncology found that over half of the world's population lives in countries with regulations limiting access to opioid medicines for managing cancer pain. The study highlights the need for regulatory reform and education to improve access to these medicines.
A study found that people taking statin drugs often take an average of three other medications that can cause muscle pain and lead to discontinued use, a major contributor to the side effect. Researchers recommend adjusting dosages or choosing alternative medications to minimize interactions.
Researchers discovered that Δ9-THC causes an increase in COX-2 levels, leading to memory impairments. Taking an over-the-counter painkiller like ibuprofen can prevent these side effects by inhibiting COX-2 levels.
Taking aspirin at bedtime instead of in the morning could reduce acute heart events by reducing platelet activity. A randomized study found that taking aspirin at bedtime resulted in a 22-unit reduction in platelet activity compared to taking it in the morning.
Researchers used brain imaging to track pregabalin's effects on fibromyalgia patients, finding reduced glutamate levels and decreased insula connectivity. This study suggests a future of targeted brain imaging approaches for chronic widespread pain treatment.
A study analyzing over 1 million hospital admissions found that over 50% of nonsurgical patients were prescribed opioids, with high doses and late discharge increasing the risk of adverse events. Regional variation in prescribing rates was also observed, with a 37% difference between the highest and lowest regions.
A new study reveals a sharp rise in US drug poisoning deaths by county, with both urban and rural areas experiencing significant increases. Rural areas showed a greater percentage increase in death rates, highlighting the need for targeted policies and programs to address this growing public health concern.
A study by CU-Boulder researchers found that using morphine to treat post-operative pain after abdominal surgery can actually prolong recovery time and increase suffering. The scientists discovered that both morphine and the surgery itself activate glial cells, leading to additional pain signals.
A clinical trial found gabapentin to be safe and effective in treating alcohol dependence, reducing cravings, depression, and sleeplessness. The drug's effect on drinking outcomes was at least as large as existing FDA-approved treatments, with significant benefits seen in patients who received the high-dose regimen.
A University of Southampton study has found that ibuprofen provides no benefit for patients with respiratory tract infections, including colds and sore throats. The research also showed that steam inhalation has no clear symptom-relieving effect, while ibuprofen may actually contribute to the progression of illness in some individuals.
Patients should never drive if taking narcotic pain medication, as it impairs cognitive judgment and reaction time. Additionally, using one arm can significantly limit safe driving abilities due to impaired coordination and control of the vehicle.
A study published in Journal of General Internal Medicine found that long-term opioid use is linked to a higher risk of developing major depression. Patients who used opioids for 180 days or longer were at a 53% increased risk, while those using them for 90-180 days had a 25% increased risk.
Researchers develop a new molecule combining elements of Botox and tetanus toxin to alleviate inflammatory pain, offering potential relief for chronic pain conditions and epilepsy. The engineered molecule could improve quality of life for those suffering from chronic pain with a single injection providing prolonged pain relief.
A new study suggests that prenatal exposure to paracetamol may increase the risk of adverse effects on child development, including poorer gross motor skills and behavioral problems. The study found that occasional use for short periods is likely not harmful to the fetus, but more research is needed to confirm these results.
A new University of Michigan study finds that 10.4% of teens and young adults treated in the emergency room admitted to misusing prescription painkillers or sedatives at least once in the last year. The study suggests that emergency departments could be an effective setting for screening and intervening early before problems arise.
A study of liposomal bupivacaine found it produces femoral nerve block lasting longer than 24 hours in volunteers, but the results are not straightforward due to variable responses and an inverse relationship between dose and response. Larger trials will be needed before the product can be recommended for routine clinical use.
Remimazolam, a benzodiazepine-type sedative drug, has shown promising results as an alternative to conventional sedatives in colonoscopy procedures. The medication provides adequate sedation with a fast onset and quick recovery time, making it a valuable option for patients undergoing brief medical procedures.
A new drug, Linaclotide, has been found to effectively relieve abdominal pain in IBS-C patients through a novel physiological pathway. The study's findings provide significant relief for approximately one-third of IBS-C sufferers who have struggled with this debilitating condition.
A study found that intranasal application of hormone oxytocin enhanced placebo analgesia response. The researchers observed greater pain reduction on the placebo site after applying oxytocin compared to saline.
Research found analgesic overdose deaths concentrated in economically disadvantaged neighborhoods with high divorce rates and single-parent homes. However, these deaths occurred less often in higher-income neighborhoods than heroin overdose deaths.
Researchers at WashU Medicine found that chronic itching incorporates more neurons than normal itch signals and co-opts pain neurons to intensify the sensation. This discovery may lead to more effective treatments targeting activity in both pain and itch neurons.
Researchers at CNIO discovered that Fra-1 protein protects the liver from drug-induced damage and neutralizes toxins. This new regulatory mechanism could lead to future studies on new drugs for diseases related to toxic compound accumulation.
Researchers have found that applying ice packs after major abdominal operations reduces postoperative pain and opioid use, with patients experiencing 50% less pain on the first and third days. An experimental prolonged drug delivery system using lidocaine also showed superior results in animal studies.
A study in the Journal of Addiction Medicine finds that doctors abuse prescription drugs primarily for 'self-medication' to manage physical or emotional pain, stress, and psychiatric symptoms. The study highlights the importance of addressing self-medication as a key reason for prescription drug abuse among physicians.
Researchers at Henry Ford Hospital found that over-the-counter ibuprofen is just as effective as prescription pain medications in reducing post-operative pain after a tonsillectomy. The study, which enrolled 91 patients aged 3-38, showed no significant difference in pain control between the three groups.
A new Kaiser Permanente study found that 77% of obese patients who used opioids before bariatric surgery continued to use them chronically after surgery. Chronic opioid use increased by 13% in the first year after surgery.
Researchers discovered that aspirin improves survival in patients with colon cancer whose tumour cells express Human Leukocyte Antigen class I (HLA class I), a cell-surface protein involved in the immune system. The study found that HLA class I could be used to predict which patients benefit from aspirin therapy.
A recent Rhode Island Hospital study found that improving law enforcement's role in responding to overdose emergencies could significantly impact the number of overdose deaths. The study revealed that officers are often frustrated by limitations to their medical role and lack clarity on what they can do at the scene.
Researchers isolated and identified a naturally occurring analgesic compound from the root bark of Nauclea latifolia, identical to commercially available Tramadol. The discovery confirms high concentrations of Tramadol in the plant, providing new prospects for local populations and validating traditional medicine.
Benzathine penicillin G's supply is intermittent in many countries due to quality control issues and low administration rates. Novel delivery devices are proposed to improve accessibility to this life-changing intervention.
A recent study published in The Lancet Oncology shows that abiraterone acetate significantly delays pain progression and quality of life deterioration when taken with prednisone. Patients experienced a more than eight-month delay in pain progression and a four-month delay in quality of life decline.
A study of over 2,200 children's hospital visits reveals racial and ethnic disparities in pain management and length of stay for abdominal pain. Black and Hispanic children were less likely to receive analgesics, while black patients had shorter hospital stays compared to white children.
A study published in Medical Care reports a sharp increase in opioid prescribing for non-cancer pain, while safer alternatives like ibuprofen and acetaminophen have either stayed flat or declined. The study highlights the need for re-evaluation of pain treatment approaches that prioritize non-opioid and non-pharmacologic treatments.
A new study finds no improvement in pain treatment with rising opioid prescriptions, despite efforts to increase awareness and alternative treatments. Non-opioid analgesics have plateaued or declined in many cases.
Researchers from the University of Adelaide found that codeine provides less pain relief than morphine but increases sensitivity to pain equally. This could be a problem for individuals with chronic pain who need ongoing medication, highlighting the need for further research and potential alternatives.
Scientists have developed a new form of aspirin that could extend its benefits to people who don't respond to the drug, addressing 'aspirin resistance'. The new aspirin form is linked to a carrier protein that delivers aspirin directly to damaged blood vessels, releasing it and stopping clot-formation.
The PRAGUE 14 trial found no correlation between pre-surgical interruption of antithrombotic therapy and perioperative cardiovascular or bleeding complications. Instead, factors like high platelet count, prosthetic valve presence, age, and acute surgery were identified as independent risk factors.
Aromatherapy has been shown to be a promising, non-invasive treatment for postoperative nausea, with patients receiving essential oil blends experiencing lower nausea scores. Additionally, intravenous administration of a five percent solution of dextrose may reduce the need for antiemetic medications and shorten recovery time.
Chronic pain affects an estimated 100 million US residents, costing $635 billion annually in healthcare costs and lost productivity. To address this issue, physicians must consider the psychological, social, and cultural contexts of their patients, as well as medication risks and benefits.
A Duke University study found that a compound called neuroprotectin D1 can relieve neuropathic pain caused by nerve injuries. The derivative of DHA, a main ingredient of fish oil supplements, inhibits the production of cytokines and chemokines, protecting nerve cells from further damage.
Researchers have identified a new chemical compound, CYM51010, that targets the opioid receptor complex and shows promise as an alternative to morphine. The compound is potent and less likely to result in tolerance and negative side effects.
Long-term aspirin use has been linked to reduced colorectal cancer risk, but alternate-day dosing shows increased gastrointestinal bleeding. Electronic health records adoption led to ambulatory cost savings of 3% per member per month and reductions in radiology costs in experimental pilot communities.
Researchers have developed two compounds that show promise as safer alternatives to acetaminophen, reducing the risk of liver damage. The new substances have a similar architecture to acetaminophen but are non-toxic to liver cells grown in the laboratory.
Patients who survived acetaminophen overdose have significantly lower overall health, reporting more days of impaired mental and physical health, pain, anxiety, and depression. The study also found that these patients had higher rates of substance abuse and psychiatric disease compared to non-overdose survivors and transplant recipients.
Dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and a P2Y12 inhibitor significantly improves patient outcomes after coronary stenting. The therapy is associated with reduced risk of in-stent restenosis and stent thrombosis, as well as major adverse cardiac events.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center developed a blood-based test that accurately identifies who will respond to aspirin therapy and predicts patients at risk for heart attacks. The test, known as the 'aspirin response signature,' measures gene activity patterns in the blood.
A weekly yoga class provided similar lower back pain relief as twice weekly classes in a study of predominantly low-income adults. The results suggest that attending a medically appropriate weekly yoga class could benefit patients interested in trying yoga for lower back pain.
A Loyola University Medical Center study found that statin-intolerant patients who received specialized lipid clinic care had significantly reduced total and LDL cholesterol levels. In contrast, those not referred to a lipid clinic showed minimal improvement in their cholesterol levels.
A Phase III clinical trial showed that a simple drug regimen of clopidogrel and aspirin lowered the risk of stroke by almost one-third compared to aspirin alone. The three-month period following stroke is critical for medical intervention, and the combination was found to be more effective in preventing subsequent strokes.
A study found that patients from lower socioeconomic backgrounds are less likely to receive opioid pain medications, regardless of racial or ethnic background. The results highlight the need for increased awareness and consistent treatment practices to address these disparities.