Articles tagged with Biomarkers
A comprehensive review reveals tau protein plays essential roles in brain functions while driving neurodegeneration and psychopathology. Tau deficiency enhances insulin secretion, normalizing glucose levels in diabetic mouse models.
Chromatin accessibility maps reveal that MDS stem cells gradually lose their normal identity and acquire characteristics typical of myeloid progenitors. A 'progenitor score' developed by the team tracks cell movement toward a progenitor-like state, correlating with disease severity and prognosis.
A new blood biomarker, neurofilament light (NFL), has been shown to accurately predict the extent of brain damage after a cardiac arrest. This breakthrough discovery may transform care for patients in intensive care units, allowing for more informed decisions about their treatment.
A study published in Biological Psychiatry identifies a distinct immuno-inflammatory biomarker in the brain linked to immune system dysfunction and poorer response to standard treatments. The findings provide potential value for clinical prediction and precision therapies.
A targeted treatment approach significantly reduces moderate and severe acute kidney injury after major surgery in high-risk patients identified by biomarkers. The study shows that a closely monitored set of clinical measures provides effective protection in the first hours after surgery.
A subset of depressed individuals with chronic, low-grade inflammation may benefit from anti-inflammatory treatment, according to a systematic review and meta-analysis. The study found that anti-inflammatory medications significantly reduced depressive symptom severity and anhedonia in these patients.
Researchers have developed a simple urine test that can effectively diagnose and stage bladder cancer using cell-free DNA fragmentation analysis. The study found that specific patterns of cfDNA fragmentation can identify muscle-invasive bladder cancer with excellent specificity and predictive value.
Researchers at Rice University have developed a way to make serum markers more sensitive by editing them inside the bloodstream, enabling clearer observation of gene-expression changes in the brain. This approach could lead to more precise diagnostic capabilities using simple blood tests.
Researchers argue that widely used proxies for aging may conflate genuine modifications with simpler effects on physiology. Targeting specific pathologies can extend lifespan without slowing aging process. Historically, increased human lifespan was primarily driven by reduced infectious disease mortality, not a fundamental slowing of a...
The USC Epstein Family Alzheimer’s Therapeutic Research Institute is leading the charge against Alzheimer’s with advances in blood tests and treatments. Researchers aim to develop effective preventive therapies within the next decade.
A new study suggests that sweat can reveal information about a person's health, including hormone levels, medication doses, and early detection of diseases like diabetes and cancer. Wearable sensors using artificial intelligence can detect specific metabolites in sweat, providing personalized health insights.
Serum markers such as NLR, PLR, ESR, LDH, ALP, creatine kinase-BB, SUA, CRP, and CA 15-3/27.29 have been linked to breast cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic monitoring. These biomarkers offer affordable, non-invasive, and accessible diagnostic strategies for bridging the diagnostic gap in low-resource settings.
Researchers developed a deep learning model to measure adrenal gland volume on existing CT scans, identifying the first imaging biomarker of chronic stress. The AI-derived biomarker correlates with validated stress questionnaires, cortisol levels, and future cardiovascular outcomes.
A recent study found that TDP-43 protein levels in blood may indicate presence of LATE dementia, a cause often linked to Alzheimer's disease. Researchers hope this discovery could lead to development of simple blood test to diagnose LATE during life.
The study reveals that mutated and unmutated CLL subtypes originate from distinct stages of B cell development. New molecular biomarkers, including genes LPL, ZNF667, and ZNF667-AS1, have been identified for more precise patient stratification.
A new study found that individuals with a history of major depression showed higher MRI markers associated with neuroinflammation in the VTA, suggesting increased extracellular inflammatory processes. Current depressive symptom severity was associated with distinct microstructural changes indicating different underlying pathophysiologi...
A study by NTU Singapore researchers found that enlarged perivascular spaces, or 'clogged drains', in the brain are a likely early-warning sign of Alzheimer's disease. The condition can be visually identified on routine MRI scans, complementing existing methods to detect Alzheimer's earlier.
A new urine test can detect SORD deficiency, a common cause of inherited nerve disease, earlier and more cheaply than genetic tests. The test has brought understanding and access to care for affected families, particularly in the Old Order Amish community.
Researchers are presenting groundbreaking findings at the Association for Molecular Pathology's annual meeting, including a novel technique to study ancient DNA and rapid detection of serious fungal pathogens. The Association for Molecular Pathology is providing press materials and resources for media coverage.
Researchers aim to identify biological biomarkers that can enable earlier diagnosis and intervention for schizophrenia. Progress in biomarker development is crucial for improving patients' quality of life and reducing the societal burden of the disorder.
Australian scientists have developed a new blood test that can identify women with ovarian cancer more likely to benefit from PARP inhibitor therapy, offering hope for more effective treatment. The test measures immune biomarkers and predicts which patients will respond to treatment.
A novel methylation analysis method, called UMBS-seq, achieves both accuracy and gentleness, unlocking more reliable cancer biomarker detection. The method outperforms existing methods for 5-methylcytosine detection with low input DNA, preserving DNA integrity.
Researchers at UMC Utrecht are developing a predictive model to accurately predict disease progress in juvenile dermatomyositis. The Interferon Score aims to identify which children can safely reduce medication and which require intensified treatment.
Researchers have identified three distinct immunotypes in EPTB patients, revealing new insights into disease mechanisms. Additionally, gene expression-based biomarkers have been developed to reliably diagnose both pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Researchers found that the leptin-SCD pathway fuels breast cancer growth and motility, leading to poorer recurrence-free survival. Selectively blocking SCD activity can counteract pro-tumorigenic effects driven by leptin, revealing a potential therapeutic target for obese patients.
A new study reveals that a large gap between two common kidney function tests may indicate future disease, particularly among older adults. The research found that over a third of hospitalized participants had a significant difference in their creatinine and cystatin C readings, which can predict serious health problems.
A study published in Chinese Medical Journal identified tumor-promoting keratinocytes linked to HPV infection and poor prognosis. These cells were found to interact with immune cells, promoting tumor proliferation and differentiation.
Researchers found that combining three biomarkers – lipoprotein(a), remnant cholesterol, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein – can reveal a nearly three-fold increase in heart attack risk. This combination approach may aid health care professionals in identifying individuals with high-risk profiles earlier.
Researchers used lipid biomarker analyses to study survival strategies of microorganisms in extreme deep-sea ecosystems. They found that methane- and sulfate-metabolizing microbes can thrive in environments with high pH values and low organic carbon concentrations.
The BrainHealthy competition offers real-world experience to talented young brain health researchers. The contest aims to advance new studies on age-related brain changes, brain health biomarkers, and Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers developed a prognostic model using machine learning to predict suicide risk in depression patients. The study found that clinical features and biochemical biomarkers, such as TSH levels, contributed significantly to the model's accuracy, achieving an 82% success rate.
A new study suggests that collecting and testing cancer cells in patients' blood could help doctors choose the right breast cancer treatment. The 'labyrinth chip' technology separates cancer cells from other blood cells, allowing researchers to identify biomarkers that distinguish aggressive treatments from less invasive ones.
Researchers have discovered a previously unknown group of cells that produce adrenaline, which may help the fetal heart adapt to stress. The study provides a detailed map of the developing human heart, revealing over 70 distinct cell types and their interactions.
Researchers have developed a blood test that detects Parkinson's disease by analyzing the activity of immune cells. The study found 22 genes whose expression was altered in patients with Parkinson's, suggesting potential diagnostic markers and insights into the disease's mechanisms.
The review highlights how T cells specifically recognize and eliminate malignant cells through antigen recognition mechanisms. It also explores how tumors evade immune surveillance through various mechanisms and discusses potential therapeutic strategies, including combination therapies to improve response rates for cancer patients.
The Association for Molecular Pathology recognized Dr. Laposata's contributions to clinical laboratory practice and his role in challenging the FDA's rule on laboratory-developed test regulation. The award preserves diagnostic innovation, ensures patient access, and avoids escalating healthcare costs.
Tear-derived extracellular vesicles show promise as non-invasive biomarkers for ocular and neurodegenerative diseases. The study highlights their potential to provide valuable information about the eye's health, including processes related to neurodegenerative diseases.
Longevity clinics have emerged globally, offering advanced diagnostic services and customized lifestyle interventions to extend healthspan. However, concerns arise from lack of scientific validation, high costs, and limited access to populations most at risk for premature aging.
Researchers developed voltage-matrix nanopore profiling to accurately classify proteins in complex mixtures based on their electrical signatures. The method reveals molecular individuality and compositional differences without labeling or modifications, holding promise for disease diagnosis and real-world bioanalytical applications.
Researchers developed innovative blood-based biomarkers to predict long-term blood pressure improvements after bariatric surgery. The study analyzed pre-surgery blood tests and identified top 10 molecules linked to improved blood pressure outcomes.
Post-traumatic vasospasm (PTV) is a sudden narrowing of brain arteries that can lead to stroke and long-term neurological damage. Early diagnosis using tools like transcranial Doppler ultrasound and S100 protein blood tests is crucial to prevent secondary brain injury.
A study found that higher thymic health is associated with better outcomes in cancer patients treated with immunotherapy, including a 35% lower risk of cancer progression and 44% lower risk of death. Thymic health may serve as a non-invasive biomarker of adaptive immune competence in various cancers.
Scientists found that CtBP2 levels decrease with age, but are higher in long-lived individuals. This biomarker may estimate the degree of aging and overall health status.
Researchers have developed a non-invasive blood test that can detect Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) earlier and with higher accuracy by measuring cell-free DNA. The test distinguishes between ALS patients and healthy individuals, as well as those with other neurological conditions.
A recent study identifies molecular markers in children and adolescents that link childhood maltreatment to long-term brain alterations and mental health outcomes. The researchers found four DNA methylation sites associated with child maltreatment, including the 'master switch' gene FOXP1, which regulates brain development.
A study led by Julie Pilitsis, MD, PhD, found a possible connection between chronic pain and eosinophilia, a white blood cell condition, in patients undergoing spinal cord stimulation or implanted pain medicine pumps. The study suggests that eosinophilia may be an immune biomarker for chronic pain.
The study projects an average increase of up to 68% in respiratory rate for animals in the North compared to those in the South. Small ruminants will be more impacted by climate change, with dairy farming in the South being the most vulnerable to heat stress.
Researchers found a significant increase in AMPA receptors across Long COVID patients' brains, correlating with cognitive impairment severity. This discovery provides a direct biological explanation for brain fog symptoms and may lead to novel treatments.
A new study discovers a previously unknown long noncoding RNA, EUDAL, that helps oral cancer cells survive chemotherapy by permanently activating the epidermal growth factor receptor. This RNA molecule blocks the cellular tagging system, allowing EGFR to remain active and promote autophagy in cancer cells.
Researchers used ATR-FTIR spectroscopy to analyze tissue samples from patients with metaplastic breast carcinoma, ductal carcinoma in situ, and invasive ductal carcinoma. The study found that specific spectral features were significantly elevated in carcinomatous tissues and could effectively differentiate between normal tissue and can...
Serum HBV RNA and HBcrAg have emerged as promising biomarkers for chronic hepatitis B, enabling better monitoring of disease progression, treatment response, and risk stratification. These markers provide a window into intrahepatic viral activity, correlating with clinical outcomes such as HCC development and liver fibrosis severity.
A study has identified KIMA, a genomic signature associated with a poor treatment response in HR+/HER2- breast cancer patients. The signature, composed of nine genes, can predict disease progression and overall survival, enabling personalized therapy selection.
A new research network aims to detect early signs of dementia through open-source digital tools. Penn State will lead a $39 million grant to advance Alzheimer's detection and reduce the financial, interpersonal, and health impacts of Alzheimer's disease.
Leading researchers are advocating for increased diagnostics and treatment of Alzheimer's disease, citing significant advances in research and the availability of new medicines. The European Union has approved two medicines that slow the progression of mild dementia by removing amyloid plaques from the brain.
A study published in Journal of Internal Medicine found that people with moderate to high levels of albumin in their urine have a higher risk of developing dementia. The researchers discovered an association between albuminuria and increased risk of dementia, independent of kidney function.
A cohort study reveals oral bacteria and fungi as significant risk factors for pancreatic cancer development. The findings suggest that oral microbiota may serve as biomarkers to identify individuals at high risk of pancreatic cancer, potentially contributing to personalized prevention strategies.
A deep learning model achieved up to 98% accuracy in distinguishing autistic from neurotypical participants, providing clear insights into brain regions most influential to its decisions. The model could benefit autistic people and clinicians by offering accurate and explainable results to inform assessment and support.
A Japanese study has identified four distinct patterns of immune response after COVID-19 vaccines, with a 'rapid-decliner' group experiencing faster decline in antibody levels. Monitoring changes in antibody levels may help identify individuals at greater risk of infection and inform more effective vaccination strategies.
Researchers at Salk Institute and UC San Diego have identified a unique sugar called HSAT as a potential therapeutic target for slowing tumor progression and metastasis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Boosting HSAT levels may slow the formation and spread of pancreatic cancer, leading to improved survival rates among patients.
The VasCog-2-WSO criteria update provide operationalization and guidance on neuroimaging and fluid biomarkers for VCID diagnosis. This new standard aims to facilitate diagnostic consistency among clinicians and researchers worldwide.