Research on new and better ways to treat cancer. Covers radiotherapy, targeted microdroplets, nerve-injury protection, drug combinations, and tumor models.
Researchers identify 'gatekeeper' ADAM17 involved in regulating immune response and preventing inflammatory skin disease. Reactivation of Notch signaling rescues local skin inflammation and abnormal immune cell proliferation.
A novel molecular process linked to neddylation has been found to be involved in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma, a type of liver cancer with poor prognosis. The study suggests that targeting this process could lead to potential therapeutic applications for patients with HCC.
Despite significant progress in treating chronic myeloid leukemia, a cure remains elusive for all patients. Research and adherence to treatments are crucial to advancing the field.
A study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that younger breast cancer patients experience more severe mental health issues and physical impairments than older women. Researchers recommend educating these patients about potential post-treatment effects to reduce anxiety and improve quality of life.
A UCSF team has developed methods to reveal a molecular marker in tissue samples from brain tumors that has been linked to better survival odds. Monitoring this marker could provide doctors with a better way to follow their patients after surgery and assess how they respond to recommended treatments.
Researchers used human embryonic stem cells to treat macular degeneration in two patients, with some improvement in vision observed. The study showed that the transplants were safe and led to successful engraftment of cells into the retina.
A study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that younger women with breast cancer experience decreased health-related quality of life, including increased psychological distress, weight gain, and early onset menopause. Personalized treatment approaches are crucial to mitigate these side effects.
Researchers at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute discovered a mechanism by which micronuclei disrupt chromosomes, leading to cancer-causing gene mutations. The findings suggest that whole chromosome aneuploidy may promote cancer in a similar way to other genomic alterations.
A new study found that poor smokers are more likely to relapse after quitting, with those on lower rungs of the socioeconomic ladder facing the toughest odds. The research suggests that financial difficulties, discrimination, and job insecurity contribute to their struggle.
Researchers developed a new combination drug therapy that successfully suppressed hepatitis C genotype 1 infection in a significant proportion of patients. The study, published in the New England Journal of Medicine, focused on treating patients who had not responded to previous treatment with PEG-interferon alfa and ribavirin.
Researchers have identified a novel connection between two RNA-binding proteins, Musashi1 and HuR, which plays a significant role in glioblastoma development. The study suggests that disruptions to these regulatory processes can contribute to tumor formation.
Researchers at Columbia University Irving Medical Center identified the origin of esophageal adenocarcinoma as the gastric cardia, where bile acid and inflammatory cytokines activate stem cells. The study highlights possible targets for new clinical therapies, including inhibiting notch signaling.
A retrospective analysis of 1,500 patients showed that live interactive teledermatology consultations resulted in diagnostic changes for nearly 70% of patients. Patients also received recommendations to change their skin disease management, leading to improved clinical outcomes.
Researchers at UBC have found a way to block infection from the hepatitis C virus (HCV) in the liver, leading to new therapies for those affected by this and other infectious diseases. The approach could benefit millions of people globally.
Research finds that multicentric lung adenocarcinoma often shares the same genetic mutation, indicating a possible common origin for these tumors. The study identified genetically distinct molecular subsets using EGFR and KRAS genes.
Researchers found sorafenib to be effective in patients with non-small cell lung cancer and a KRAS mutation, achieving a 52.6% rate of no progression at six weeks. However, median overall survival was only 5.3 months, indicating unsatisfactory outcomes.
A University of Illinois study found that personalized prognostic tools and gene-based therapies can improve the survival and quality of life of glioblastoma patients. The researchers discovered new general and clinical-dependent gene profiles that can be used to predict patient outcomes and select targeted therapies.
A new study explores the fertility and parenthood concerns of young female cancer survivors, finding that they are often unaware of the impact of treatment on their future fertility. The researchers identified six themes from focus group discussions, highlighting the need for better information, continuity of care, and guidance to addr...
A prospective surveillance model for breast cancer treatment has been shown to significantly reduce costs and improve outcomes. The model, which involves early identification and intervention of lymphedema-related impairment, has been associated with direct treatment costs of $636.19 per year compared to traditional care at $3,124.92.
The Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation and the Sohn Conference Foundation have partnered to support young scientists tackling childhood cancers, with a focus on preventing devastating illnesses in children and young adults. The partnership aims to recruit top young minds to research childhood cancers, leveraging the success of exi...
Most patients who survive oesophageal cancer surgery recover an average quality of life, but one in six experience significant deterioration. Hospitals must improve identification and follow-up for these patients to prevent persistently low quality of life.
A new study shows that targeting a specific microRNA, miR-221, can prolong the lives of mice with human liver cancer. The treatment also boosted activity of tumor-suppressor genes in these animals.
Researchers have identified mutations in the ATM gene as a potential risk factor for increased pancreatic cancer risk. Studies found that ATM gene mutations were present in four of 166 patients with pancreatic cancer, but absent in healthy spousal controls.
The study reveals a DNA repair mechanism that can mitigate oxidative damage, which is linked to various diseases including cancer and Alzheimer's. This discovery holds promise for developing less invasive cancer therapies and early detection tests.
A new study has discovered a way to prevent septic shock by blocking a specific form of cell death called necroptosis. The approach fully protects mice against the fatal inflammation, offering a potential new target for therapy. Researchers found that eliminating RIPK molecules led to full protection against sepsis.
Researchers found that patients with initial metastatic breast cancer tend to be older and have lower-grade tumors, while those with early relapse after treatment are younger and have more aggressive cancer. The study emphasizes the importance of increasing awareness about breast care and the need for novel therapeutic strategies to im...
A study analyzing lung and spleen tissue from patients who died of sepsis revealed biochemical, cellular, and histological findings consistent with immunosuppression. The research found evidence of impaired immunity in patients with sepsis, which could have important therapeutic implications.
The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics recommends expanding Medicare coverage for medical nutrition therapy (MNT) services, which demonstrate significant health benefits and cost-effectiveness. MNT can help manage chronic conditions, such as hypertension, obesity, and cancer, and improve quality of life.
Researchers found that blocking EETs production can eliminate blood vessels that feed cancer tumors, promoting metastasis. Increasing EET levels may help patients with vascular conditions, but excessive levels promote tumor growth and metastasis.
The Leonard Wolfson Experimental Neurology Centre will accelerate the development of treatments and identify future therapeutic targets for neurodegenerative diseases, aiming for earlier intervention for patients. The centre will be based at UCL's National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery.
Researchers identified a high-risk subgroup among older AML patients with mutated ASXL1 gene, showing significantly shorter survival and lower complete remission rates. The study's findings could lead to more effective targeted therapies for these patients.
Researchers have discovered that administering aspirin after standard therapy for venous thromboembolism (VTE) may prevent the recurrence of potentially deadly blood clots. The WARFASA study found that low-dose aspirin reduced VTE recurrence by 6.6% compared to placebo, with a similar incidence of major and non-major bleeding.
Researchers found that between 1992 and 2005, the percentage of patients who had multiple imaging visits nearly quadrupled, from 4.9% to 19.4%. A single imaging visit increasingly includes multiple types of imaging, with the rate rising from 4.3% to 27.1%.
The addition of zoledronic acid to adjuvant endocrine therapy increased bone mineral density and reduced disease recurrence among postmenopausal women with early hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. Immediate zoledronic acid use also improved survival outcomes, particularly in women who were truly menopausal at diagnosis.
Researchers confirm zoledronic acid's continued effectiveness in reducing breast cancer recurrences and improving survivorship rates among premenopausal women with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. The study found a 28% reduced risk for recurrence and a 36% reduction in mortality risk, with no toxic side effects.
Researchers developed a multigene test to identify high-risk patients with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and differentiate between lower-risk and more aggressive forms. The DCIS Score algorithm predicts individual risk for recurrence, allowing physicians to provide tailored treatment programs.
A new predictive tool has been developed to assess the risk of recurrence in gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GIST) following surgery. The tool provides more accurate prognosis for individual GIST patients compared to conventional models, helping to identify those most likely to benefit from additional treatment.
Researchers will collect cancer incidence data from 13 Appalachian states to identify differences in relative survival and avoidable death between sub-regions and non-Appalachian areas. The findings will inform the development of effective evidence-based cancer control interventions for the region.
Sulfomucins, secreted by intestinal goblet cells, provide critical protection to the intestinal mucosa. Inflammatory cues from microbes and host inflammatory cells modulate sulfomucin production, which is associated with both inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer.
Researchers found that dental pulp stem cells can repair spinal cord injuries in rats, promoting hind limb function and nerve regeneration. A new vaccine combination boosted BCG's effectiveness against tuberculosis by reducing clinical disease and preventing reactivation of latent infection.
University of Missouri researchers say exercise is beneficial for breast cancer survivors and patients with lymphedema, outweighing risks. Patients at risk can exercise without increasing the risk of developing lymphedema, according to a new literature review.
Marissa Rylander, a Virginia Tech associate professor, has received the Y.C. Fung Young Investigator Award for her novel research combining nanotechnology, laser therapy, and dynamic imaging to study tumor progression and develop cancer treatments. Her patented 'holey scaffold' device allows for minimally invasive sensing of biological...
Researchers discovered that oral ingestion of apple polyphenols can suppress T cell activation and ameliorate experimental colitis in mice. The study found that apple polyphenols protect against colitis via the suppression of T cell activation and/or recruitment.
A new study published in Cancer Discovery reveals that the 14-3-3σ gene plays a critical role in halting breast cancer initiation and progression. The research suggests that this gene is likely a major player in other types of cancer as well.
A new study shows that comparing a new biopsy of recurrent breast cancer with the original biopsy can dictate a change in treatment. The results suggest that patients may benefit from asking their physician if a second biopsy is needed to confirm their treatment therapy.
Researchers found that experienced physicians who focused on failure learning more effectively than those who relied solely on success. The study used fMRI to analyze brain activity of 35 physicians as they made decisions, revealing a clear difference in mental processes between high and low performers.
Long-term follow-up of statin trial shows benefits persisted after treatment cessation, with no increase in cancer incidence or non-vascular mortality. Statins are deemed safe for long-term use in reducing vascular disease risk.
A new electrochemical-stimulation method could potentially aid in helping patients suffering from nerve paralysis and chronic neurological conditions. The device works by manipulating the concentration of charged ions surrounding the nerve, reducing the risk of unwanted muscle contractions.
Researchers found a gene, Prox1, essential for normal development of the lymphatic system and proper formation of one-way valves controlling fluid movement between systems. The study provides new insights into valve defects affecting children and adults.
A study by Bo Hu and Shi-Yuan Cheng found that PDGFR-alpha overexpression in glioblastomas triggers a signaling cascade promoting tumor growth and invasion. Manipulating Dock180 to block this pathway inhibits PDGFR-alpha's role in glioma tumorigenesis.
A review of 1,181 women from five countries found that many struggled with returning to work due to unrealistic expectations, lack of support, and physical appearance judgments. Employers must educate themselves and provide better support and policies to tackle the culture of ignorance.
A study used the Sleeping Beauty transposon system to profile genes driving colorectal cancer, identifying over 200 genes that can be disrupted. These findings provide strong evidence for driver mutations in human tumours and lay the foundation for more effective targeted treatments.
The measles virus spreads quickly due to its use of the trachea receptor nectine-4, allowing it to contaminate individuals through airborne transmission. This discovery also reveals a potential link between the measles virus and certain cancers, offering new prospects for cancer treatment.
A study published in Annals of Internal Medicine finds that proactive screening for hepatitis C among the birth cohort (1945-1965) is cost-effective and can identify over 800,000 currently unidentified cases. This strategy could save thousands of lives each year compared to current case identification methods.
Researchers have found a novel mechanism by which cancer cells can continue to divide without the help of telomerase, a key enzyme involved in cell aging. The discovery identifies a special protein complex called APBs as a potential target for cancer therapy.
Recent studies have shown fecal microbiota transplants to be effective in treating C. difficile and inflammatory bowel disease. Additionally, researchers found that cigarette smoking impairs pancreatic duct cell function, even after cessation, increasing the risk of colorectal cancer for women.
Researchers at Dalhousie University have discovered that a specific protein, S100A10, enables macrophages to break down tissue barriers and enter the tumor site, facilitating cancer cell growth and metastasis. This finding presents a potential target for blocking tumor growth by inhibiting S100A10 activity.
Researchers have developed a new animal model to study Progeria and tested a gene therapy that significantly extended the lifespan of mice. The treatment, using 'vivo-morpholino' antisense oligonucleotide technology, reduced progerin production and improved various parameters related to the disease.
Researchers at Moffitt Cancer Center have discovered that hyperactivation of Akt and overexpression of IKBKE occur in 50 percent of human cancers. These findings suggest that targeting the inhibition of Akt may be an effective therapeutic strategy for treating breast cancer.
Researchers aim to investigate breast cancer patients' susceptibility to lymphedema by evaluating biomarker patterns and genetic factors. The study will collect data from 120 women newly diagnosed with invasive breast cancer to evaluate levels and patterns of proinflammatory biomarkers.