Articles tagged with Inflammation
A new MU study highlights the protective role of innate lymphoid cells and interferons in reducing neurological effects of Brucellosis. The findings could lead to improved diagnostics and therapies for neurobrucellosis, a condition that can cause long-term neurological complications.
A study published in Cell Chemical Biology reveals that cannabidiol (CBD) from hemp acts as a molecular switch in innate immune cells to promote the biosynthesis of inflammation-resolving lipid mediators. This finding holds promise for developing new therapeutic strategies to treat inflammatory diseases.
Researchers at the University of Illinois Chicago have discovered that trained immune cells can remove cellular debris and reduce inflammation in the lungs. This 'memory' or training allows these cells to respond better to subsequent infections, potentially leading to a cell therapy to prevent acute lung injury.
Researchers found that telomere shortening, a biomarker of cellular aging, accelerated in untreated obstructive sleep apnea patients. However, continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) attenuated this damage. The study suggests that CPAP can reduce inflammation and oxidative stress, leading to slower aging.
A NIH-funded study found that severe COVID-19 can cause lasting changes in the innate immune system, boosting inflammatory cytokine production and leading to chronic inflammation. Early treatment with IL-6 inhibitors may help mitigate these effects.
Scientists discover unique immune cells in skull's bone marrow, facilitating movement of immune cells between brain and skull, offering new possibilities for diagnosing and treating neurological diseases. Non-invasive skull imaging may enable early detection and monitoring of conditions like Alzheimer's and stroke.
Research by the Peter Doherty Institute found that inflammation alters plasma composition, hindering parasite maturation. This work reveals a new mechanism slowing down malaria parasite development in the bloodstream.
A large study found that fully vaccinated individuals have lower concentrations of inflammatory markers than unvaccinated participants after symptomatic COVID-19 infection. This suggests that vaccination significantly reduces morbidity and mortality by reducing elevated levels of cytokines and chemokines.
Researchers from Osaka University found that fibroblasts in cholesteatoma tissues express activin A, a protein causing local bone erosion. This discovery may lead to new treatments for managing cholesteatomas.
A University of Illinois study found unique Mexican black and pinto bean varieties to be high in phenolic compounds and anthocyanins, which have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The research also identified potential applications for the seed coat extracts in the food industry and cosmetics.
Researchers have found that gut health is the main determinant of systemic inflammation and disease progression in HIV. By targeting the root cause of problems, therapies may be able to slow the progression of the virus by preserving gut integrity.
A study of 500,000 people in the UK Biobank found small but significant associations between systemic inflammation and later dementia risk. Elevated inflammatory biomarker levels were associated with increased risk of dementia diagnosis and poorer cognitive performance.
New research suggests targeting autoimmune inflammation associated with ALS could be a promising approach. The study found that two drugs, including one already approved for multiple sclerosis, reduced the expression of inflammatory proteins in ALS patients' immune cells.
Researchers at University of California San Diego find that impaired mitochondria, not inflammation, drive Gulf War illness symptoms, potentially leading to new treatment strategies. The study's findings have implications for other health conditions marked by increased inflammation.
A mouse model of multiple sclerosis reveals evidence of inflammatory gene expression spilling over from the brain's barrier to grey matter. The study uses spatial transcriptomics to show a gradient of immune genes and inflammatory markers from meninges to surrounding brain tissue.
Hospital admissions for alcohol-related hepatitis increased dramatically during the pandemic, particularly among younger patients and women. Researchers found a 12.4% rise in cases in 2020 compared to 2019 levels.
Researchers at Moffitt Cancer Center found that higher c-reactive protein levels were associated with greater depression and less physical activity among patients with gynecologic cancers. However, most inflammatory markers were not linked to treatment-related symptoms.
Researchers have identified two candidate genes, EPHA6 and MUC4, that may play a role in gut chronic inflammation leading to IBD. The study used genetically diverse mice to mirror human populations and found that increased expression of MUC4 in part of the colon may increase IBD risk in humans.
Researchers identified a new drug treatment option for peritonitis in patients on peritoneal dialysis, showing that a low dosage of ceftazidime and avibactam is sufficient to treat the infection. The study's findings could help gain control over peritonitis in patients with difficult-to-treat germs.
A study published in the International Dental Journal demonstrates the use of artificial intelligence to detect signs of gum inflammation, such as redness, swelling, and bleeding, from intraoral photographs with high accuracy. The technology enables population-wide monitoring of gum health and personalized dental care.
A new study has found that an inflammation-targeting antibody may improve preterm birth outcomes by reducing inflammatory signals in the placenta. The same antibody has also shown promise in preventing obesity-linked fatty liver disease, a condition that can progress to cirrhosis and liver cancer.
Researchers identified a rare genetic defect in the DOCK11 gene causing abnormalities in white and red blood cells, leading to inflammation and immune system dysregulation. The defect also affects T cell activation, with potential connections to tumor diseases.
COPD patients treated with dupilumab experienced rapid and sustained improvements in disease, as measured by reduced acute exacerbations, better lung function, and improved quality of life. This is the first biologic to show clinical outcomes improvement in COPD.
Researchers from Tokyo Medical and Dental University found that apple-shaped obesity is associated with cytokine storm and a higher risk of death in COVID-19 patients. The study suggests that obese patients with excess belly fat may benefit from anti-inflammatory therapies, including IL-6 blockers.
A new study reveals that neurons expressing steroidogenic factor 1 (SF1) influence inflammation in white and brown adipose tissue. SF1 neurons help suppress inflammatory responses in inguinal WAT, but not in epididymal WAT, and activate thermogenic activity in BAT.
A case of echovirus 11-induced hepatitis in Italian male twins has been reported, showing a close genetic relation to strains found in France among neonates. The study highlights the importance of rapid recognition and timely treatment to ensure survival, and suggests potential host genetic predisposition in male and twin categories.
A recent study published in Diabetologia has uncovered a crucial gene called RELA that plays a vital role in maintaining normal blood-sugar levels. The researchers found that when the RELA gene is removed, it leads to impaired insulin secretion and pre-diabetic conditions.
Researchers at Nagoya University have discovered that targeting Fusobacterium bacteria can reduce the formation of lesions associated with endometriosis. The study suggests an effective non-hormonal antibiotic treatment for this gynecological disorder, which affects one in ten women between 15 and 49 years old.
Researchers found a peptide from venomous fish Thalassophryne nattereri that controls lung inflammation and airway hyperreactivity. The molecule, TnP, inhibited cytokine production and prevented mucus-producing cell hyperplasia, making it a potential candidate for treating asthma.
Researchers found that blocking histamine-releasing factor (HRF) and immunoglobulin E (IgE) interactions may provide relief for patients with severe asthma. The study, published in The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, suggests two potential therapies, including HRF-2CA and a therapeutic antibody called SPF7-1.
A new study shows that saracatinib reduces inflammation in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease by more than 90% and boosts genes that help clean up plaque deposits. The experimental cancer drug may offer an effective therapy for cases where standard treatment fails to help.
Researchers have developed a therapy using nanocarriers engineered from adult skin cells that curb inflammation and tissue injury in damaged mouse lungs. The treatment has shown promise for treating acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), a condition that leads to respiratory failure and puts patients on ventilators.
Researchers found that women with higher-quality cardiovascular fat during midlife had stronger long-term memory and lower inflammation, while those with lower-quality fat had worsening working memory. The study suggests that taking care of heart health during menopause may protect brain health and reduce dementia risk.
Researchers mapped inflammation features in skin cells, revealing their role in spreading to joints and triggering conditions like diabetes and heart disease. The study's findings may help explain how small skin inflammation can affect the entire body.
Researchers at UBC Okanagan found that a low-carb breakfast can significantly reduce blood sugar swings and improve glucose control. Participants who followed a low-carb breakfast plan showed lower glycemic variability and some were able to reduce their glucose-lowering medication.
New research from King's College London suggests that many people with depression have an activated immune response, independent of CRP levels. This finding could pave the way for more personalized approaches to treatment and management of MDD.
Researchers at USP in Brazil discovered that Leishmania parasites manipulate the protein gasdermin-D to prevent the immune system from killing them. This allows the parasite to continue replicating and causing disease. The findings offer hope for developing novel treatments for leishmaniasis, a disease affecting 30,000 people annually.
Researchers tracked immune cell clusters in the aging mouse prostate using highly multiplexed immune profiling. Early adulthood sees myeloid cells, while between 6-12 months old, there's a profound shift to T and B lymphocyte-dominance. The study reveals new insight into prostatic inflammaging and the window for interventions.
Scientists at Medical College of Georgia are investigating the impact of HIV treatment on bone and muscle aging. They found that common antiretroviral cocktails can accelerate aging by about a decade, leading to increased inflammation and oxidative stress in bone marrow stem cells.
Scientists at Temple University have developed a novel gene-editing strategy that disrupts the ability of HIV-1 virus to enter host cells by targeting a rare genetic disorder. This approach may offer another target for developing next-generation CRISPR technology for HIV elimination, while avoiding adverse effects on cell mortality.
Researchers developed human calprotectin ligands based on peptides to detect and quantify the protein in stool samples or serum levels, offering a more accurate and controlled way of detecting biomarkers.
Researchers at MIT have designed new 'smart' sutures that can deliver drugs or sense inflammation after surgery. The bioderived sutures use hydrogel coatings to detect early warning signs of complications, such as Crohn's disease, and can also release therapeutic molecules to promote healing.
A Phase I/II clinical trial combining intratumoral delivery of an engineered oncolytic virus with subsequent immunotherapy improved survival outcomes in a subset of patients with recurrent glioblastoma. The study demonstrated the combination was well-tolerated, with no dose-limiting toxicities.
Scientists have identified a specific gene mutation that triggers an inflammatory cascade, driving the development of treatment-resistant cancers. The study reveals a molecular circuitry by which mutations in the STK11 gene cause inflammation to spiral out of control.
Researchers create a human-brain-like environment to study microglia development and function for the first time in living human-derived tissue. The findings suggest that brain environment influences microglia development and function, particularly in diseases such as autism spectrum disorder and Alzheimer's disease.
Scientists at Duke-NUS Medical School have discovered a protein called ASC2 that inhibits inflammasomes, thereby limiting inflammation in bats. This discovery could lead to the development of new anti-inflammatory drugs for human diseases, including those caused by viral infections and ageing.
Researchers found that high-fat diets increase levels of gut-derived bacterial toxins and systemic inflammation, promoting atherosclerosis. The study suggests targeting interventions for individuals at risk of developing heart disease.
Researchers discovered a link between MCEMP1 protein on mast cells and severe asthma. Inhibiting this protein could provide relief for patients with severe asthma by reducing inflammation in the airway and lungs. The study provides critical information for developing new therapies for long-term lung conditions.
A study published in Cell Reports Medicine found that pro-inflammatory cell types dominate the intestinal mucosa of children with inflammatory bowel disease, while protective cells are underrepresented. The results provide new insights into the immunology of IBD and may lead to the development of more effective treatments.
KNT-127 exhibits anti-stressing and anti-depressant effects in mice, improving social interaction and reducing stress-induced hormone levels. The agent suppresses neuronal inflammation and newborn death without affecting neurogenesis.
Researchers at Mount Sinai have discovered a previously unknown way in which the brain and immune system interact in multiple sclerosis. They found that the inflammatory protein interleukin-3 (IL-3) coordinates this communication, inciting the recruitment of immune cells to the brain and exacerbating brain inflammation.
Researchers have highlighted the importance of stromal vitamin A pathway in regulating IL-6 expression in colorectal cancer-associated fibroblasts. The study found that disrupting retinol-mediated IL-6 expression could be a potential approach to target CAFs during CRC treatment.
A video-based smoking cessation program developed by a University of Massachusetts Amherst researcher has helped nearly 40% of HIV-positive smokers in Nepal quit tobacco. The program, which includes 11 video sessions and is accessible via smartphone app, was found to be highly effective in promoting abstinence among participants.
Researchers found that only four products increased lutein liberation in spinach smoothies, with cow's milk and coconut milk showing the most improvement. Plant-based drinks like soymilk had a negative effect on lutein content.
This study examined the effects of deferoxamine and ferrostatin-1 on salivary gland dysfunction in ovariectomized rats. The researchers found that these compounds reduced inflammation, fibrosis, and improved salivary gland function, suggesting potential treatments for postmenopausal xerostomia.
Researchers at Temple University Health System found that carbonic anhydrase inhibitors reduce inflammation, restore cell function and prevent cognitive impairment in mice with amyloid buildup. CAIs also improved cerebrovascular health and enhanced amyloid-clearing capacity.
Researchers found a genetic variant of TNFAIP3, which regulates inflammation, can paradoxically protect the kidneys from damage in the short term. The study could lead to simple genetic tests for predicting kidney disease risk and personalized treatment approaches.
A cell therapy using myeloid cells bound to drug delivery microparticles reduces disease burden in a preclinical multiple sclerosis model. The therapy partially reverses hind limb paralysis and improves motor functions.
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at a higher risk of developing lymphoma, particularly those with Crohn's disease. The risk is driven by both the disease activity and treatment, including immunomodulating drugs.
Researchers have developed a glycine-based tripeptide that successfully treats nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in non-human primates and mice. The compound, DT-109, reverses fat buildup and prevents scarring by stimulating fatty acid degradation and antioxidant formation.