Articles tagged with Lung Cancer
Updated phase 1 clinical trial results of crizotinib against MET-amplified non-small cell lung cancer show a 40 percent response rate and 6.7-month median progression-free survival. The study defines new criteria to define 'highly MET-amplified' cancer, suggesting that crizotinib may benefit more patients than previously thought.
The ALEX trial results show alectinib achieving a median progression-free survival of 34.8 months compared to 10.9 months for crizotinib in ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer patients. Alectinib also demonstrated an improved overall response rate and fewer side effects than crizotinib.
Researchers at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute have developed a blood test that can detect early-stage lung cancer using genome sequencing. The test, which analyzes free-floating DNA in the blood, has shown promise in detecting lung cancer with a low rate of false positives.
The study reveals a universal increase in lifestyle-related cancers between 2006 and 2016, with significant disparities persisting between high- and low-Socio-demographic Index countries. Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in women, while lung cancer tops the list for men, accounting for nearly 20% of global cancer deaths.
Researchers from Cleveland Clinic Cancer Center presented data on a prospective clinical trial examining non-small cell lung cancer cells' response to immunotherapy. The study showed promising results with progression-free survival, and early data gathered from more than 20 sites has shown encouraging outcomes.
A recent study by Vanderbilt University Medical Center found that quitting smoking significantly reduces lung cancer risk, with a 39% drop in just five years. Even 25 years after quitting, former heavy smokers' risk remains threefold higher than non-smokers.
The American College of Physicians (ACP) has released a position paper calling for policies that better support women's health, including paid family and medical leave, reduced domestic violence, and access to reproductive services. A new prediction tool may also help tailor lung cancer screening to patient benefit and preferences.
A new online tool takes into account personalized risks and benefits of lung cancer screening, while also allowing for a range of patient preferences. The tool is designed to help doctors fine-tune their advice to patients, taking into account individual attitudes about looking for problems and dealing with the consequences.
A $12M grant from CIRM will fund a phase 1 clinical trial testing pembrolizumab with dendritic cell injections into lung cancer tumors. The goal is to activate a targeted immune response against lung cancer, addressing the challenge of T cells not reaching tumors.
A recent study reveals lung cancer incidence is now higher among young women than men, with convergence of rates seen among non-Hispanic blacks and Asians/Pacific Islanders. Differences in smoking behaviors or types of lung cancer may contribute to this shift.
A new study has demonstrated that video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) under local anesthesia can be safely performed on patients with lung cancer who previously would have been deemed inoperable. The procedure showed better patient satisfaction and reduced length of stay compared to traditional surgical methods.
A Norwegian-Greek study found that five traditional risk factors and two new ones can identify people at high risk of developing lung cancer. The research group created a risk calculator that can predict lung cancer with near-90% accuracy, reducing the need for unnecessary CT scans.
A team of scientists led by University of Montana cell biologist Mark Grimes has identified networks in lung cancer cells that will help understand the disease and develop targeted treatments. The study used large-scale data analysis and mathematical approaches to define signaling pathways in lung cancer cells.
Among 20,900 lung cancer patients, those with at least one palliative care encounter were 82% less likely to die by suicide. Palliative care aims to relieve physical pain and address psychological issues, improving quality of life for patients with life-threatening illnesses.
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) testing for all known lung cancer-related gene changes at diagnosis is more cost-effective and faster than testing one or a limited number of genes. This approach can save up to $2.1 million for Medicare and $250,000 for commercial insurance providers.
A study of 1,800 lung cancer screening sites found that only 1.9% of eligible heavy smokers were screened in 2016. Despite USPSTF and ASCO guidelines, low screening rates persist, with the South having the lowest rate at 1.6%. The study highlights the need for effective public service campaigns to encourage lung cancer screening.
A meta-analysis of 20 randomised trials found that patients' sex may impact the efficacy of immunotherapy in cancer treatment. Women showed a lower survival benefit compared to men, regardless of cancer type and drug administered.
The Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation has announced five new Physician-Scientist Training Awards, which will provide $2.3 million in funding for the recipients. The awards aim to address the financial disincentives that often deter physicians from pursuing a research career.
A team of researchers from Mayo Clinic identified a technology to address false positives in CT-based lung cancer screening, analyzing CT images and identifying disease characteristics. The findings show that a set of 57 variables can distinguish benign nodules from cancerous ones, reducing patient anxiety and unnecessary testing.
Researchers at FAU have discovered a special mechanism that regulates tumour growth in lung cancer, opening up new possibilities in the treatment of lung cancer patients. The discovery reveals that lung tumours can reprogram the immune response, leading to the suppression of anti-tumour cells and promoting tumour growth.
Four risk prediction models have been shown to be most accurate for selecting the highest risk ever-smokers for lung cancer screening, suggesting that these findings can inform future lung cancer screening guidelines. The models picked similar numbers of ever-smokers and showed the best agreement on which ever-smokers to select.
Cancer remains a significant concern as the HIV-infected population ages. By 2030, prostate and lung cancers are projected to be the most common cancers among individuals with HIV, due to their weakened immune systems.
A study by Yale researchers found significant disparities in lung cancer care and survival between the US and England. In the US, 25% of patients were diagnosed at stage 1, compared to 15% in England, while 45% of US patients were diagnosed late-stage, versus 52% in England.
Early intervention after completed clinical staging leads to increased survival rates in non-small cell lung cancer patients. Surgery within eight weeks from diagnosis significantly improves overall survival.
Researchers at MD Anderson Cancer Center found poziotinib to be up to 100 times more potent against cells with exon 20 mutations than other drugs. In mouse models, poziotinib reduced disease burden by 80% in EGFR mice and 60% in HER2 mice, with durable responses at 12 weeks.
Researchers have found associations between esophageal cancer and lead-rich soils, lung cancer and copper-rich terrains, brain tumors and arsenic-rich areas. The study's findings suggest that the geochemical composition of soil could influence cancer distribution patterns in Spain.
Using UT Southwestern's largest lung cancer cell library, researchers identified 170 chemicals that could be developed into treatments for non-small cell lung cancer. The team also found biomarkers to predict patient responses and therapeutic targets, paving the way for personalized cancer care.
A simple handgrip strength test is a good indicator of short- and long-term survival in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer patients. Patients with weak handgrips were 1.5 times more likely to die within five years, compared to those with strong handgrips.
A $15.5 million NCI grant creates a center at five health systems to improve lung cancer screening and address disparities in early diagnosis, treatment, and mortality. The center will develop a shared model data for research on optimizing precision lung cancer screening.
Researchers have identified human-specific cancers that differ from animal counterparts, suggesting potential evolutionary origins. The study reveals cancer patterns in humans vary significantly from those of other species, highlighting the need for further investigation into the evolutionary underpinnings of cancer.
A new drug treatment has shown major tumor responses in early stage lung cancer patients before surgery, resulting in fewer relapses. The study found that providing the anti-PD-1 drug nivolumab before surgery increased anti-tumor T-cells that remained after the tumor was removed.
Combination therapy of pembrolizumab and chemotherapy significantly improves overall survival and reduces progression risk in patients with non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer. The study found a 51% reduced risk of death compared to chemotherapy alone.
A study found that patients with a treating pivot nurse had higher patient satisfaction scores and better quality-of-life outcomes compared to those without such support. The coordinated care improved patients' understanding of their disease, treatment side-effects, and overall strength in fighting cancer.
The phase III ALEX trial showed that alectinib improved progression-free survival and prolonged time to CNS progression compared to crizotinib. Patients treated with alectinib also experienced longer symptom improvement in terms of health-related quality of life and lung cancer-related symptoms.
The POPLAR trial found that atezolizumab significantly improved overall survival compared to docetaxel in previously treated advanced non-small-cell lung cancer patients. Long-term overall survival benefits were observed across histology and PD-L1 expression levels.
Researchers developed nanoparticles that deliver microRNA-29b to lung tumors, potentially improving treatment outcomes. The technology overcomes limitations of traditional delivery methods and demonstrates promising results in mouse models.
Researchers identified various resistance mechanisms in ALK+ and ROS1+ lung cancers, including kinase mutations and non-genetic changes. A second study demonstrates the ability to detect these changes in patient blood samples using ctDNA tests, potentially easing early detection of treatment failure.
A clinical trial has shown that a combination of checkpoint inhibitors and an immune stimulation drug can control the progression of non-small cell lung cancer. The treatment was administered in an outpatient setting and demonstrated significant prolonged survival in patients.
The American Society for Radiation Oncology updates its clinical guideline to recommend concurrent chemotherapy for certain patients with incurable stage III non-small cell lung cancer, improving quality of life and alleviating symptoms. The new guideline also provides recommendations for delivery and dosing of radiation therapy.
A combination of EGFR and TNF inhibitors effectively blocks cancer's escape route, making it sensitive to treatment. The two-drug strategy has the potential to work for all non-small cell lung cancers, offering a new hope for patients.
Researchers successfully treat KRAS-driven lung cancer by targeting insulin and IGF-1 signaling, identifying metabolic vulnerabilities. The study shows that completely blocking the pathway can slow tumor growth, but a second step is needed to fully suppress it.
Researchers at the Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation have made a groundbreaking discovery about colon cancer, revealing that certain hidden polyps may be responsible for up to 30-40% of cases. The study also found that these polyps are caused by a mutation in the BRAF gene and could potentially be detected through fecal samples.
The 2018 Canada Gairdner Award laureates made significant discoveries in genomic imprinting and optogenetics, impacting human development and disease. Their work has led to a deeper understanding of gene expression, developmental biology, and neurological disorders.
Fabrice Barresi has been awarded the Heine H. Hansen Award by European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) and International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC). This award is presented annually at the European Lung Cancer Congress to a lung cancer investigator who has made a special contribution to this field.
Scientists at Michigan State University have discovered a promising new drug that targets the c-Myc gene, which is linked to obesity and various cancers. The drug, I-BET-762, delays the development of existing cancers by inhibiting critical proteins involved in cancer cell growth.
A study published in The BMJ found little evidence that national cancer policy initiatives since 2000 have improved short-term cancer survival in England. Despite steady improvements in overall cancer survival, socioeconomic inequalities in survival remain a major public health problem.
Researchers at Walter and Eliza Hall Institute have identified a unique molecular signature in the blood that could detect aggressive lung cancer and predict response to immunotherapy, offering new hope for patients with limited treatment options.
Researchers found that thirdhand smoke exposure increases lung cancer risk in mice, with toxic residues damaging DNA and leading to mutations. Early exposure is associated with increased incidence and severity of lung cancer.
A new PET scan-compatible imaging agent can detect specific mutations in lung cancer tumors, predicting treatment success. Over 80% of patients with detected mutations showed positive response to targeted drug, while those without signals saw limited benefits.
Research reveals geographical differences in lung cancer treatment rates in England significantly impact patient survival. If optimal treatment levels were achieved, approximately 800 additional years of life could be gained annually for patients.
Researchers at the University of Gothenburg have developed an RNA-based therapy that has been shown to cure lung tumors in mice by 40-50 percent. The therapy targets specific long non-coding RNA molecules involved in uncontrolled cell division, which are a key driver of cancer growth.
Researchers estimate that beehive coke oven emissions are responsible for more than 9,000 lung cancer cases in China. The study suggests that banning BCOs led to a significant decrease in cancer cases, with an estimated 1,500 fewer cases if the ban had been implemented immediately.
A new computerized tissue-imaging program could identify lung cancer patients at higher risk of recurrence, allowing for targeted chemotherapy to be administered. The program, supported by a $3.16 million National Cancer Institute grant, uses digital images of tissue biopsies to analyze the shape and texture of cancer cells.
A new clinical trial using a tailored intervention may minimize lung cancer occurrence and mortality rates for those at higher risk. The study will compare the effectiveness of counseling, nicotine replacement therapy, and gain-framed text messaging in supporting high-risk smokers who want to quit.
Researchers developed a novel approach to studying cancer, grouping 32 types of cancer into 10 classes based on molecular pathways. This understanding can lead to new diagnosis and treatment methods, including identifying neuroendocrine tumors that may be missed with current markers.
Exercising regularly before surgery for lung cancer halves the complication rate afterwards, with a 48% reduction in postoperative complications. Exercise also reduces the length of hospital stay by almost three days, according to a pooled analysis of 13 clinical trials involving 806 participants.
Researchers discover that low levels of microRNA miR-125a-5p correlate with high levels of protein TIMP-1 in human lung cancer cells. Increasing miR-125a-5p levels reduces cancer spread and increases cell death. TIMP-1's role is also explored, revealing its dual function in promoting or inhibiting tumor growth.
The CONCORD-3 study reveals global improvement in cancer survival, with some countries experiencing significant gains, while others lag behind. However, disparities in childhood cancers and incomplete data in Africa limit the accuracy of these findings.
The new guidelines update the 2013 recommendations to include genetic alterations driving lung cancer and new drugs to target these alterations. Testing for ROS1 in all cases of lung adenocarcinoma is now recommended, as well as using circulating tumor DNA and cytology specimens when tissue is unavailable.
Researchers are testing new palliative radiation techniques to spare esophageal effects and improve swallowing function in lung cancer patients. The PROACTIVE trial aims to reduce negative symptoms like heartburn and difficulty swallowing.