Articles tagged with Lung Cancer
Smokers with targetable genetic alterations in their lung cancer benefit equally from targeted therapies as non-smokers. Targeted treatments improve survival by 1.5 years, regardless of smoking status.
Studies using mouse models of lung cancer found that neutrophils help tumors hide from T cells and promote their own growth through the production of Snail protein. This 'vicious cycle' between neutrophils and tumor cells hinders immunotherapy's effectiveness in up to two-thirds of patients.
A new study by Voskarides suggests that genetic variants beneficial for survival at extreme temperatures can predispose individuals to cancer. The study analyzes the relationship between cancer risk and local average annual temperatures, concluding that extremely cold environments contribute to cancer risk.
Differences in gene expression between non-small cell lung cancers from African-Americans and European-Americans suggest racial disparities in NSCLC biology. The study identified distinct patterns of gene expression involved in stem cell biology and invasive behavior in African-American NSCLCs.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center have identified a novel drug combination that can prime nonsmall cell lung cancers to respond better to immunotherapy. The treatment, which combines a demethylating drug with an HDAC inhibitor, triggered a chemical cascade that increased the attraction of immune cells to fight tumors an...
Researchers have identified a communication network between lung tumors and bone marrow that contributes to tumor progression. Tumors activate osteoblasts in the bone marrow, leading to the production of immune cells that promote cancer growth.
Research reveals that bone marrow-derived cells contribute to lung cancer progression by stimulating the production of specific neutrophils. These neutrophils exhibit increased expression of genes associated with tumor-promoting processes, leading to worse patient survival in a small study.
A recent study published in Cancer journal shows that communities with strong smoke-free workplace laws have lower rates of new lung cancer diagnoses. The study found an eight percent reduction in lung cancer incidence in communities with strong smoke-free laws compared to those without such laws.
Leading lung cancer specialists call for immediate action to implement life-saving lung cancer screening programmes across Europe. The EU Position Statement on Lung Cancer Screening provides a detailed set of recommendations and a 'Call to Action' for policymakers to start planning within the next 18 months.
A study published in Science Translational Medicine found that lung cancer often leads to pulmonary hypertension due to immune cell activation and inflammatory processes triggered by cancer cells. This discovery could lead to new therapeutic approaches for developing a treatment.
A subset analysis of the FLAURA trial found that osimertinib improved progression-free survival by 16.5 months compared to 11.0 months with standard therapy in Asian patients with EGFR-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer, resulting in a hazard ratio of 0.54.
Researchers analyzed EGFR mutation status in blood and cerebrospinal fluid to identify relationship with neurological symptoms and leptomeningeal metastases. The study found higher rates of EGFR mutations in cerebrospinal fluid for patients with brain metastases, offering new non-invasive testing options.
A UK study published in Scientific Reports has identified a novel cell signaling interaction that may prevent a key step in lung cancer progression. The research, conducted by the University of Kentucky, found that microRNA molecules can alter TGFβ activity and prevent epithelial-mesenchymal transition, a critical process in metastasis.
A research team led by BU School of Medicine professor Avrum Spira is developing diagnostic tools to intercept lung cancer at its earliest stage using innovative approaches like nasal swabs and blood tests. The goal is to confirm whether lung abnormalities found on chest imaging are benign lung disease or signs of cancer.
Researchers found that cell-free tumor DNA circulating in the bloodstream correlates with tumor metabolism rather than tumor burden in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients. This study suggests that circulating tumor DNA may be a reliable biomarker to identify potential unresponsive NSCLC patients before treatment.
Researchers observed a significant association between warfarin use and reduced risk of new cancers, particularly prostate, lung, breast, and colon cancers. The findings suggest that warfarin may be protective against certain types of cancer, which could have implications for anticoagulation treatment.
A new study reveals that non-small cell lung cancers are driven by multiple genetic changes, including alterations in TP53 and other pathways. The findings suggest that combination therapies targeting these mutations may improve treatment outcomes and prevent drug resistance.
A large-scale epidemiological study has associated certain air pollutants with increased mortality from kidney, bladder, and colorectal cancers. The study followed over 600,000 adults in the US and found that exposure to PM2.5, nitrogen dioxide, and ozone was linked to higher cancer death rates.
The American College of Chest Physicians has introduced updated guidelines for low-dose CT lung cancer screening, focusing on asymptomatic smokers and former smokers aged 55-77 with 30 pack-years or more smoking history. The new recommendations aim to balance potential benefits and harms of screening.
Researchers from four top teams receive funding to tackle cancers of the lung and pancreas using a new 'interception' approach, targeting precancerous cells before they turn into cancer cells. The initiative aims to catch cancers early, when treatment is more successful.
Gender disparities are identified in lung cancer screening and care, with more female patients meeting high-risk criteria but not completing low-dose CT scans. Language barriers do not delay initiation of lung cancer care, according to a second study.
A feasibility trial of yoga therapy for people with advanced lung cancer and their caregivers found improvements in physical function, stamina, and mental health. The study also showed benefits for caregivers, including reduced fatigue and improved stamina while working.
A University of Colorado Cancer Center study finds a genetic change called ALK-fusion in a patient sample of a melanoma subtype called mucosal melanoma. Treated with FDA-approved drugs, the tumor responded dramatically. The study suggests that these non-sun-exposed melanomas may be more susceptible to targeted treatments.
A study published in The Lancet Public Health found that federal drinking water regulations reduced toxic exposure and protected human health. Compliance with the EPA regulation led to a decline of 17% in levels of urinary arsenic, resulting in an estimated reduction of over 200 cases of lung and bladder cancer every year.
The Terry Fox Research Institute study found that the Pan Can Lung Cancer Risk Prediction Model outperformed comparable models in detecting early-stage lung cancer. The model identified high-risk individuals and detected cancer early, saving lives.
A 12-week physical and psycho-social intervention improved functional capacity in advanced lung cancer patients, while also enhancing their quality of life. The study's findings suggest that exercise interventions can be a beneficial approach for these patients, reducing the burden on caregivers and improving overall well-being.
A community-based intervention called c-CARE improved cancer literacy and reduced disparate lung cancer outcomes among minority communities. The study found that participants showed increased knowledge and self-efficacy for lung cancer screening, but not perceived susceptibility.
A study integrating smoking cessation programs with low-dose CT lung cancer screenings found that this approach can decrease mortality rates while being relatively cost-effective. The research suggests that adding a robust smoking cessation intervention to an organized LDCT screening program could result in significantly fewer deaths, ...
Researchers found that treating stage II and III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with chemotherapy based on their specific BRCA1 expression levels did not increase overall survival rates. However, BRCA1 expression levels were found to be prognostic, and individualized treatment could achieve different outcomes.
A study published in the IASLC 18th World Conference on Lung Cancer found that early specialist palliative care for recently diagnosed malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) patients does not impact quality of life. Researchers concluded that there is no role for routine early referral to palliative care, regardless of symptoms.
A study analyzing over 1.1 million NSCLC cases found significant disparities in survival rates based on race and socioeconomic factors such as education level and income. Patients of Asian and Hispanic backgrounds had better overall survival rates compared to Whites and Blacks.
Researchers confirmed IASLC's proposed criteria for uncertain resection margin status (R(un)) have a prognostic value between R0 and R1. The study analyzed data from 14,712 patients and evaluated the impact of various factors on survival.
Researchers found that NatD promotes lung cancer progression by preventing histone H4 serine phosphorylation, leading to increased invasiveness and poor clinical outcomes. Depletion of NatD suppresses EMT via repression of Slug expression, suggesting a new therapeutic target for cancer treatment.
Dr. Yuze Sun is developing an optofluidic gas-analyzing microsystem to detect biomarkers in human exhaled breath for early stage lung cancer detection. The technology aims to replace invasive biopsies and needle pokes with a non-invasive screening method.
PharmaMar's Phase I/II trial combining PM1183 with doxorubicin shows a progression-free survival of 5.3 months, surpassing historical data for topotecan. The study also reveals manageable adverse events with no mucositis or neuropathy, paving the way for the pivotal Phase III Atlantis trial.
A DNA variant in the DNMT3B gene is associated with an increased risk of nicotine dependence, as well as heavier smoking and a higher likelihood of developing lung cancer. The study, which analyzed over 38,600 participants, provides new insights into the genetic factors influencing addiction.
Researchers at CRI discover lactate acts as a fuel source for growing tumors, contradicting the nearly century-old Warburg effect. The finding has significant implications for therapies and imaging techniques for lung cancer.
Anti-RAS antibodies are a critical research tool, but their poor reliability limits replicable study results. Researchers identified selectively recognizing each of the four human RAS proteins only in Western blot assays.
A laboratory-based study discovered that an alcohol aversion drug can reverse chemotherapy resistance in non-small cell lung cancer. The researchers found that the drug, Disulfiram, inhibited ALDH activity, reducing tumour cell growth and killing lung cancer stem cells.
A study found that mutations in the KEAP1 gene make lung adenocarcinoma cells vulnerable to oxidative stress, allowing an experimental drug called CB-839 to stop tumor growth. The discovery could lead to a more effective treatment for patients with combined KRAS and KEAP1 mutations.
Researchers used a proteomics platform to identify proteins with reactive cysteines in non-small-cell lung cancer cells, which could be targeted by drugs. The study found that targeting the protein NR0B1 reduced abnormal growth in NRF2-activated lung cancers.
A pilot program using big data predicts ED visits in lung cancer patients with 33% accuracy. The model identifies high-risk patients who are 6.6 times more likely to visit the ED compared to low-risk patients.
A phase III trial demonstrates a 32 percent overall survival rate at five years, setting a new benchmark for patients with inoperable stage III NSCLC. The trial also confirms that using a higher radiation dose is not beneficial and can lead to detrimental outcomes.
A recent study led by Massachusetts General Hospital estimates that nearly 10% of people with HIV currently in care in the US will die from lung cancer. Quitting smoking is crucial for reducing the risk of lung cancer and other diseases among people with HIV.
A new study projects increased lung cancer death risks among people living with HIV who smoke, with heavy smokers facing the highest mortality rates. The study suggests that tobacco use accelerates lung cancer development and should be prioritized in comprehensive care for HIV patients.
Researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital discovered a rare genetic mutation in the ALK gene that causes peritoneal mesothelioma in young women with no history of asbestos or radiation therapy. Targeted therapy using FDA-approved drugs may be effective in treating these patients.
A study of British general practitioners found that physicians are more likely to support smoking cessation in primary care patients with coronary heart disease. Cancer patients are less likely to stop smoking due to lack of recording and advice from their doctors.
Researchers have identified a molecule called miR-124 in non-small cell lung cancer cells that plays a regulatory role in programmed cell death. The findings may offer a new target in the fight against non-small cell lung cancer, particularly for mesenchymal-like cells resistant to chemotherapy.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center found that cigarette smoke triggers epigenetic changes in human airway cells, sensitizing them to genetic mutations. These changes precede and silence key tumor suppressor genes, leading to increased KRAS signaling and cancer development.
Researchers found that chronic cigarette smoke exposure leads to epigenetic changes in lung cells, silencing protective genes and priming them for cancer. These changes can be reversed by quitting smoking, suggesting a potential strategy for reducing lung cancer risk.
A study published at ESMO 2017 Congress found that abdominal fat distribution is a significant predictor of cancer diagnosis in postmenopausal women. The study, which included 5,855 women, showed that the ratio of abdominal to peripheral fat was an independent risk factor for certain cancers.
The PACIFIC trial showed that durvalumab improved progression-free survival in patients with locally advanced, unresectable stage II-III NSCLC, decreasing the probability of disease progression by 48%. Durvalumab also reduced treatment-related adverse events and improved overall response rates.
Researchers at the University of Southern Denmark have discovered a new strategy to overcome resistance in lung cancer, which often leads to treatment failure. By combining an EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor with an AKT inhibitor, tumor growth can be arrested, potentially improving patient survival.
A University of Colorado study found that blood tumor markers can predict lung cancer progression, allowing for earlier adjustments to treatment plans. Markers were associated with a 10% or greater rise in 53% of patients experiencing cancer progression, but not limited brain progression cases.
The largest study on hardmetal workers found no increased risk of lung cancer or death due to the substance's use in the industry. Short-term workers showed small excesses in lung cancer mortality, attributed to lifestyle and behavior factors rather than occupational exposure.
The study found that regular CT scans may not be necessary for follow-up, suggesting a conservative approach to monitoring the disease. The findings challenge standard clinical practice guidelines recommending chest CT scans every three to six months in the first two years after surgery.
Researchers developed a new assay to detect gene fusions in dozens of genes simultaneously, identifying a rare MET fusion in a late-stage lung cancer patient. The patient showed an almost complete response to targeted therapy crizotinib after over 8 months of treatment.
Researchers found that patients who received canakinumab had a marked reduction in lung cancer incidence and mortality, with death from cancer reduced by half in the highest dosage group. The study suggests that anti-inflammatory therapy may help slow lung cancer progression.
The CANTOS trial found that canakinumab significantly reduced the risk of cardiovascular events and total cancer death, with dose-dependent effects on lung cancer rates. The study showed a 15% reduction in cardiovascular event risk and a 17% reduction in hospitalization for unstable angina.
Long-term use of high-dose vitamin B6 and B12 supplements is associated with a two- to four-fold increased lung cancer risk in men. Male smokers taking these supplements were three times more likely to develop lung cancer, while those taking higher doses were approximately four times more likely.