Articles tagged with Lung Cancer
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Researchers confirmed plasma genotyping's benefit in predicting treatment benefit for NSCLC patients, particularly those with higher tumor burden and younger age. However, tissue biopsies remain the gold standard due to low sensitivity of plasma tests, which may not fully replace them.
Patients with EGFR expressing advanced squamous non-small-cell lung cancer benefit most from necitumumab added to gemcitabine and cisplatin chemotherapy. The addition of necitumumab improves overall survival and progression-free survival by 21% and 16%, respectively, in patients whose tumours express the EGFR protein.
A late-breaking abstract at the European Lung Cancer Conference presented findings on osimertinib's effectiveness as first-line treatment for EGFR mutated non-small-cell lung cancer. The study showed a high overall response rate and prolonged progression-free survival, suggesting that osimertinib may alter the biology of the disease.
A phase Ib trial demonstrated that combining immunotherapy with live bacterium CRS-207 and chemotherapy resulted in a 94% disease control rate and 59% response rate in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. The therapy also showed good immune activation and synergistic efficacy with chemotherapy.
Researchers identified a novel mutation in the KIT gene that contributes to crizotinib resistance in ROS1+ non-small cell lung cancer patients. Ponatinib, a KIT tyrosine kinase inhibitor, demonstrates potential as a therapeutic option for overcoming this resistance.
Researchers found that combining computed bioconductance (CB) with positron emission tomography (PET) before biopsy can improve the detection of potentially cancerous lung lesions. This non-invasive diagnostic tool may aid in the accurate evaluation of suspicious lung lesions.
Researchers found that pericardial window operation, a treatment for malignant pericardial effusion, is less effective in lung cancer cases compared to other types of cancer. The study suggests alternative, less invasive methods such as needle punctures may be more efficient over time.
Suresh Senan, a renowned expert in radiation oncology, has been awarded the Heine H. Hansen Award for his pioneering work in lung cancer therapy and research. The award recognizes his significant contributions to the field of lung cancer on an international basis.
A University of Colorado Cancer Center study identifies epiregulin as a potential biomarker for lung cancer, with mice lacking the growth factor developing fewer tumors and reduced inflammation. The findings suggest epiregulin increases cell proliferation, promoting tumor growth.
Researchers identified a class of drugs called histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors that stimulate T cell movement into tumors and enhance their activity. HDAC inhibitor romidepsin combined with PD-1-targeting antibody leads to lung tumor regression.
A recent U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation suggests pairing smoking cessation with lung cancer screening to maximize benefits and reduce risk. This guideline aims to provide tobacco treatment in conjunction with lung screening to encourage smokers to quit.
Researchers will analyze data from DECAMP consortium to advance targeted therapeutics for COPD and lung cancer using molecular biomarkers. The goal is to screen people at risk, predict disease progression, and intercept disease.
Researchers at Imperial College London found that a protein called MARK4 enables cancer cells to break free and move around the body. A silencer molecule called miR-515-5p helps silence the gene that produces MARK4, preventing cancer cells from spreading.
Researchers found that high-risk lung cancer patients who are cleared of disease in their initial test do not need annual low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screenings. The study suggests that reducing the frequency of screening could save millions in healthcare costs and spare patients from radiation exposure and false positive results.
Physician-scientists Ethan Dmitrovsky and Waun Ki Hong recognized for their efforts in cancer prevention and control. Dmitrovsky's work on retinoids has led to a significant impact on leukemia treatment, while Hong's research in cancer chemoprevention and personalized therapies has advanced the field.
CV screening workstations aid technicians in accurately reviewing LDCT scans, leading to reduced false positives and improved efficiency. The study found 97.8% sensitivity and 98% specificity in identifying abnormal scans, with average review time of 208 seconds.
New research reveals that African Americans are less likely to start smoking in late teens but continue smoking into later years, leading to lower average pack-years and reduced eligibility for lung cancer screening. This disparity results in higher risk of death from tobacco-related diseases among African Americans.
Researchers at Thomas Jefferson University have found that Nit1, a gene previously thought to be a tumor suppressor, actually promotes cancer growth. The study suggests that Nit1 may represent a new target for drug therapy, offering hope for treating aggressive non-small cell lung cancer.
Researchers are developing personalized assessment tools to predict and prevent radiation-induced cancers in astronauts and on Earth. High-energy ions, like those used in cancer treatments, pose a risk of new tumors and more aggressive cancer types.
Adults aged 55-74 with a history of current or former smoking and 30+ pack-years are advised to undergo annual low-dose CT scans up to three times. This guideline aims to detect lung cancer at an early stage, reducing serious illness and death. Screening should be conducted in healthcare settings with expertise in diagnosing lung cancer.
A cross-sectional survey found that detailed clinician communication can alleviate patient distress associated with incidental pulmonary nodules. Patients who received accurate information about their nodule size and diagnosis had a more reassuring experience, reducing anxiety and improving overall well-being.
The ALCF-IASLC Joint Fellowship Award supports novel research with the potential to positively impact lung cancer patients. Dr. Robin Mjelle's project aims to develop a risk-prediction tool and serum poly-marker kit for early lung cancer detection, leveraging pre-diagnostic serum samples from Norway's HUNT biobank.
A new method using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (H-NMR) of blood plasma identifies unique metabolic biomarkers for early and late-stage lung cancer. The technique correctly classifies 78% of patients and 92% of controls, showing promise as a complementary tool to improve lung cancer screening.
A national look at PET scan use for lung and esophageal cancer survivors found widespread variation between hospitals, with some using scans eight times more often than others. The study suggests that this approach doesn't improve survival rates and is being inappropriately used at many hospitals.
A recent study published in Journal of Thoracic Oncology found that the FDA-approved VENTANA anti-ALK(D5F3)CDx assay is superior to the 5A4 IHC assay for selecting patients with non-small cell lung cancer eligible for ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment.
Researchers identified 5 autoantibody classifiers that can distinguish lung cancer from smoker controls with high sensitivity and specificity, as well as those from benign lung nodules. These findings have the potential to improve early detection of lung cancer through companion molecular diagnostic modalities.
A combination of durvalumab and tremelimumab has been found to be effective in treating advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients, with 23% achieving a complete or partial response. The treatment also appears to be active in PD-L1-negative tumors.
Scientists at CRI have discovered new complexities underlying cancer biology, overturning a nearly century-old perception about cancer metabolism. The study found that tumors use multiple nutrients for energy, and the surrounding environment influences metabolic activity.
A team of researchers used a fruit fly model to identify a potential targeted therapy for non-small cell lung cancer, which may lead to improved overall survival. The study found that combining two FDA-approved drugs suppressed tumor formation and inhibited key genetic mutations associated with NSCLC.
A study found that HER2-positive lung cancer is caused by either gene amplification or mutation, rather than both. This distinction implies the need for different treatment options, including targeted therapies approved for breast cancer.
A study by Mayo Clinic researchers found that people who quit smoking for over 15 years are still at a higher risk of developing lung cancer. Expanding lung cancer screening to include this group could detect more cases and further reduce mortality.
Death rates from leukemia in Europe are expected to decline, with the greatest falls seen among children and young adults. Improvements in treatment and management have contributed to this trend, but some leukaemias remain challenging to treat.
A new report estimates 4.3 million new cancer cases and 2.8 million deaths in China in 2015, with lung cancer the leading cause of cancer death. The study highlights the need to reduce risk factors and improve clinical care delivery to prevent avoidable cancer deaths.
Afinatinib has shown significant clinical benefits for NSCLC patients with brain metastases, including improved PFS (8.2 vs. 5.4 months) and ORR (73% vs. 25%) compared to standard platinum doublet chemotherapy. The drug's efficacy was particularly notable in patients harboring EGFR Del19 mutations.
Cancer rates vary significantly among Asian American/Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander populations, with Samoan men having the highest lung cancer rates and Laotian men having the highest liver cancer rates. Breast cancer mortality rates have decreased among AANHPI women combined, while liver cancer death rates declined among AANHPI males.
A study found that exposure to smoky coal causes similar gene expression patterns in buccal epithelial cells as active cigarette smokers. Researchers identified 282 genes associated with smoky coal emissions, which elicited similar physiologic effects as tobacco use.
Research published in Journal of Thoracic Oncology found that non-small cell lung cancer patients with early-stage tumors had a higher rate of nodal upstaging and longer hospital stays when undergoing open chest surgery compared to video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS). This study suggests that VATS may not be equivalent to open surge...
A new study published in JAMA Oncology found that solid-organ transplant recipients have a significantly higher cancer death rate than the general population. The research, which analyzed data from over 11,000 transplanted patients between 1991 and 2010, revealed that SOTRs were at increased risk of cancer death regardless of age, sex,...
A new clinical trial is evaluating a method to pinpoint and spare healthy lung tissue during lung cancer radiotherapy using advanced image analysis techniques on 4D CT scans. The researchers aim to improve quality of life for patients by sparing functional portions of the lung.
A new study reveals that mandatory tumor tissue requirements in clinical trials delay treatment and reduce patient enrollment. Trials without these requirements show faster treatment initiation and higher enrollment rates.
Researchers have discovered a triple therapy approach that could make treatment-resistant lung cancers susceptible to therapy. The combination of two experimental drugs and radiation therapy was found to be effective in mice with KRAS-related gene mutations.
The LUX-Lung 7 trial shows afatinib significantly improved progression-free survival, time-to-treatment failure and objective response rate compared to gefitinib. Afatinib is considered the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor of choice for first-line treatment in patients with EGFR mutation-positive non-small-cell lung cancer.
The KEYNOTE-010 trial shows that pembrolizumab improves median survival in all PD-L1-positive patients compared to docetaxel. Patients with higher PD-L1 staining benefit the most, with a hazard ratio of 0.54 and 0.50 at two doses of pembrolizumab.
Researchers discovered that lung cancer in younger patients has distinct genetic subtypes that can be treated with available targeted therapies. However, these patients' survival times are shorter than expected due to the more aggressive nature of the disease.
A study found that patients younger than 50 diagnosed with non-small-cell lung cancer have a higher likelihood of having a targetable genomic alteration for which therapies exist. However, they also have an unexpectedly poor prognosis, with median survival rates ranging from 13.6 months for those over 70 to 18.2 months for those under 40.
The authors propose that lethal drugs' physical consequences should be listed as immediate cause of death and underlying condition as preceding antecedent cause. Harmonization with vital statistics registrars is crucial for consistency across provinces and territories.
Researchers in Taiwan have identified a biomarker called Huntingtin interaction protein-1 (HIP1) that detects the most common type of lung cancer in its earliest stage. HIP1 expression was found to be associated with longer survival rates and reduced metastasis, suggesting its potential as a prognostic biomarker.
A new study found that women with subsolid lung nodules have a higher risk of developing lung cancer than men. The study, which reviewed CT scans from the National Lung Screening Trial, discovered that women with ground-glass nodules had a significantly higher relative risk of lung cancer.
Researchers found p53 blocks PDL1 protein, which halts immune attack on lung cancer cells. High levels of p53 and miR-34a increase survival rates in patients with lung cancer.
Researchers at Georgia State University developed a new imaging agent, ProCA1.GRPR, which effectively traces changes in cancers and targets diseased cells without radiation limitations. The agent demonstrates strong tumor penetration and shows promise for improved cancer diagnosis and treatment outcomes.
Early-stage non-small cell lung cancer patients receive varying levels of curative-intent surgery across US states, with disparities seen by race and socioeconomic factors. The study found that Massachusetts had the highest rates of curative surgery, while Wyoming had the lowest rate at 25%.
A phase III trial showed that sorafenib modestly increased progression-free survival (PFS) and disease control rate in NSCLC patients, but did not impact overall survival. The study also found that EGFR mutation positive patients receiving sorafenib had significantly longer OS and PFS.
Research found that average survival was less than six months, with only 36% surviving beyond one year. Patients diagnosed through emergency routes tend to have more advanced cancers, contributing to a poorer prognosis. The study highlights the importance of early diagnosis in improving cancer survival rates.
Scientists at the Salk Institute have discovered a molecule called EphA2 that stifles aggressive growth of common and deadly type of lung cancer in humans. The enzyme normally polices tissue growth but when mutated, cellular systems can run amok, leading to tumors.
The NRG Oncology/RTOG 0813 trial found SBRT to be well-tolerated in early-stage, centrally located non-small cell lung cancer patients. The highest dose level allowed by the protocol was reached without significant toxicity.
Researchers discovered that lung cancer cells switch to using amino acid glutamine when glucose is scarce, allowing them to continue growing under starvation conditions. Blocking this enzyme PEPCK could slow tumor growth in mice, suggesting a promising new approach to treating non-small cell lung cancer.
Current 20- to 29-pack-year smokers are at similar risk for lung cancer as 30+ pack-year former smokers who meet current guidelines. The study's findings suggest caution when recommending LDCT screening to this group due to untested assumptions and potential harms.
Research finds that 43% of patients experience heightened emotional distress before LDCT screening, with one-third experiencing ongoing distress after results are released. Distress monitoring and clinical intervention are crucial for supporting the well-being of patients undergoing lung cancer screening.
A study published by the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center found that intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) reduced severe pneumonitis and improved chemotherapy tolerance in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer compared to conventional radiation therapy.
The International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) has appointed Elsevier as the new publisher of its official journal, Journal of Thoracic Oncology. This partnership aims to enhance the journal's reputation and influence while expanding its global communities of contributors and readers.