Articles tagged with Lung Cancer
Researchers found a combination of radiation therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors to be effective in controlling tumors in metastatic lung cancer patients. Ten percent experienced severe treatment-related toxicity, but the treatment regimen showed promise for thoracic tumors, with median progression-free survival at 3.8 months.
African Americans and American Indians received less likely to receive potentially curative treatments for stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), while Asian/Pacific Islanders had better survival rates. Patients who received definitive treatment had improved survival rates, regardless of race, age, or gender.
A new study shows that even with PD-1 blockade, tumor-specific T cells require CD28 co-stimulation to expand and restore effective immune responses. This finding suggests that only a subset of tumor-specific CD8 T cells will proliferate after PD-1-directed therapy.
A free lung cancer screening in the Augusta area found more than double the cancer rate of previous screenings, with 3% of participants diagnosed with lung cancer. The majority of cases were caught early, with a 90% overall survival rate for those detected before symptoms appeared.
A study of 151 patients with metastatic kidney cancer found that 85 had lung cancer metastasis, but only three had a primary lung cancer tumor that went undiagnosed. This discovery highlights the importance of medical oncologists and radiologists being aware of hidden lung cancers in kidney cancer patients.
Researchers at Boston University School of Medicine have found a genomic biomarker in the nasal passage that can accurately determine lung cancer likelihood. This non-invasive test may spare patients from costly and risky procedures by identifying those at low probability for having lung cancer.
A new study published in PLOS ONE found that people who spend time in jails and prisons are more likely to develop certain types of cancer than the general population in Ontario. The study also revealed that these individuals have a higher mortality rate from cancer, particularly for men.
Death rates from cancer are expected to decline faster in men than in women in Europe in 2017, with men predicted to fall by over 8% and women by around 4%. Lung cancer death rates will rise in women, but overall, fewer women than men will die from cancer.
Researchers at Emory University's Winship Cancer Institute have mapped a vast network of interactions between cancer proteins, revealing new ways to target cells with mutations. This approach identified a potential link between FDA-approved drug palbociclib and a commonly mutated gene in lung cancer cells.
A new study has found that radiotherapy for invasive breast cancer increases the risk of developing second primary lung cancer. The research, conducted in Taiwan, involved analyzing data from over 986,000 patients with breast cancer between 2000 and 2010. The results showed a significant increase in lung cancer incidence among women wh...
Researchers found that telephone-based smoking cessation counseling given shortly after lung cancer screening can help people stop smoking. The study enrolled 92 participants and showed an 8-person increase in verified quitters, with 17% in the counseling group compared to 4% in the control group.
A study by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory researchers found that Importin-11 protects the anti-cancer protein PTEN from destruction, leading to cancer progression. Loss of Importin-11 may destabilize PTEN, predicting disease relapse and metastasis in prostate cancer patients.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have discovered that Importin-11 protects the anti-cancer protein PTEN from degradation by transporting it into the cell nucleus. This discovery suggests that the loss of Importin-11 may destabilize PTEN, leading to cancer development in lung, prostate, and other cancers.
A study suggests that limiting lung cancer screening to high-risk former smokers may improve cost-effectiveness. The most cost-effective scenario involves annual screening between ages 55 and 75 for persons who smoked over 40 pack-years and quit less than 10 years ago.
A study by American Cancer Society investigators found that only 3.9% of eligible current and former smokers received lung cancer screening in 2015, down from 4% in 2010. The authors call for education on screening benefits and risks to improve uptake among high-risk populations.
A study found that elderly non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients experiencing definitive radiation had a lower incidence of esophagitis compared to younger patients. The study, published in the Journal of Thoracic Oncology, showed an inverse correlation between age and rate of esophagitis for both grade levels.
The VHA lung cancer screening demonstration project found implementing a comprehensive program to be challenging, requiring new tools and patient care processes. The project also highlighted the need for dedicated patient coordination and accurate identification of patients for screening.
Cancer mortality in the US declined by 20.1% from 240 to 192 deaths per 100,000 population between 1980 and 2014. Distinct clusters of counties with high cancer mortality rates were found, varying by type of cancer and region.
A new study reveals significant disparities in US cancer mortality rates among over 3,100 counties, highlighting unacceptable geographic variations and potential explanations for these differences. The analysis of 29 types of cancer shows that areas with high smoking rates and poor prevention programs tend to have higher mortality rates.
A recent study published in the Journal of Pain and Symptom Management found that lung cancer patients experiencing anxiety and depression have a significantly shorter length of survival. The research, conducted by the University of British Columbia and BC Cancer Agency, controlled for various factors to confirm this link.
According to a study published in Journal of Thoracic Oncology, advanced stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) patients receiving standard of care treatment have significantly longer overall survival rates compared to those not receiving treatment. This trend is observed across various stages of the disease.
The study identified inactivating mutations in the B2M gene, which codes for a protein involved in the immune response. In lung cancer patients, higher levels of B2M expression correlate with improved response to immunotherapy.
A new Yale study suggests that delaying chemotherapy after lung cancer surgery can lead to similar outcomes and lower risk of death. The research found that initiation between 57-127 days post-surgery had a similar impact as traditional timing, indicating a potential benefit for patients.
A study by Yale researchers found that older lung cancer patients can spend an average of one in three days interacting with the healthcare system within the first 60 days after surgery or radiation therapy. Patients with a higher number of medical conditions treated with surgery had the most post-treatment burdens.
A recent study published in JAMA Oncology suggests that chemotherapy can still benefit patients with non-small-cell lung cancer who recover slowly from surgery. The study found that delaying chemotherapy by up to four months did not increase the risk of death and may even lower it compared to earlier treatment.
A new study by UNC School of Medicine found that only 49.8% of surveyed teens consider cigar warnings 'very believable', highlighting the need for improved tobacco prevention campaigns. The survey, which included 1,125 adolescents aged 13-17, suggests that graphic warnings may be more effective in engaging youth.
Patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer survived four months longer on immunotherapy drug atezolizumab compared to chemotherapy, with atezolizumab also having fewer side effects. The trial found that the drug worked best for patients with high levels of PD-L1 protein, doubling their survival.
A new blood test may provide a cheap and effective way for doctors to manage lung cancer by analyzing genetic profiles of tumor cells in patient blood samples. The test is safer, cheaper, faster, and more effective than alternative diagnostic approaches, costing less than $30.
French researchers report harmonization study on PD-L1 immunohistochemistry testing in NSCLC. Durvalumab shows clinical activity and well-tolerability in heavily-pretreated patients with NSCLC. Patients receiving pembrolizumab report better quality of life than those on chemotherapy.
Researchers discovered a subset of lung tumors sensitive to MEK inhibitors, offering new hope for up to 10% of lung cancer patients with ATM mutant gene. The study's findings could pave the way for precision medicine and targeted treatment strategies.
A new study found that cancer cases are growing at an alarming rate in less developed countries, with a 50% increase between 2005 and 2015. The global burden of disease is heaviest for countries with high development levels, but the most rapid escalation can be seen in low-income nations where health services are often lacking.
Public health advocates from around the world are using various tactics to reduce tobacco company influence, including pension fund reform and smoke-free legislation. Efforts have shown positive impacts on public health, such as a 13% decrease in all-cause mortality in Ireland.
Researchers and patient advocates emphasize the importance of new care models in combating lung cancer. Dr. Laurie Gaspar discusses the benefits of shared decision-making and Patient Decision Aids, while Dr. Raymond Osarogiagbon highlights the effectiveness of Center of Excellence programs in underserved areas.
The study estimates 17.5 million cancer cases and 8.7 million cancer-related deaths worldwide in 2015, with prostate cancer being the most common in men and breast cancer in women. The report also highlights an increase in cancer incidence due to aging and demographic changes.
A study comparing four tests for PD-L1 expression has found that three tests cluster together, but the results vary with different scales. The goal of the ongoing study is to determine which test predicts treatment response most accurately.
Heavy smokers with diabetes are at increased risk of death from causes other than lung cancer, according to a study published in the Radiological Society of North America. The study found that participants with diabetes had a doubled risk of all-cause mortality and non-lung cancer mortality compared to those without diabetes.
Researchers at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center have discovered a link between the Golgi apparatus and lung cancer metastasis. The study found that targeting certain proteins in the Golgi can prevent tumor cells from spreading, offering a new potential therapeutic approach for preventing metastasis.
A new index called Lung-moIGPA has been developed to estimate survival in patients with non-small cell lung cancer and brain metastases. The updated Lung-moIGPA incorporates genetic and molecular data, including EGFR and ALK gene mutations, and predicts an overall median survival of 12 months.
A study of 101 advanced lung cancer patients found that hybrid capture-based next-generation sequencing (HC-based NGS) identified clinically actionable genomic alterations (GAs) in 50% of patients, leading to changes in treatment strategy. The overall response rate to targeted therapies was 65%, with median survival not yet reached.
Lung cancer is expected to result in an estimated 158,080 deaths in 2016 due to limited treatment options. Researchers are exploring signals within lung cancer cells that cause them to grow quickly and spread to other organs like the liver.
Researchers at MD Anderson Cancer Center have developed a new tool to predict lung cancer risk in never, light, and heavy smokers. By incorporating various risk factors, the model can better classify those in greatest need of lung cancer screening, thereby reducing unnecessary screenings and false positives.
Researchers found that beta-cryptoxanthin inhibits nicotine-linked lung cancer development in mouse models, reducing tumor number and invasiveness. The study suggests that eating foods high in BCX may have a beneficial effect on lung cancer risk for smokers and tobacco product users.
Researchers found higher levels of estrogen in lung tissue of postmenopausal women with synchronous multiple lung adenocarcinoma (SMLA) compared to those with single tumor lung adenocarcinoma. The study suggests an association between estrogen and SMLA, potentially leading to gene therapy development.
Researchers have broken down lung cancer into distinct subtypes with unique molecular profiles, suggesting potential for personalized therapies. The study identifies specific subsets of cancer cells that may be responsive to immunotherapy, a promising approach for treating the disease.
A randomized controlled trial found that preoperative high-intensity interval training improved aerobic performance in patients with operable non-small cell lung cancer. However, it did not significantly reduce postoperative complications or mortality rates.
A recent study reveals that blood-based genomic and proteomic testing can rapidly identify genetic mutations in patients with lung cancer, enabling personalized treatment. This approach significantly reduces the wait period between diagnosis and treatment, improving patient outcomes.
A team of researchers at the Salk Institute has found a way to obstruct the creation of fat molecules in cancer cells, stalling their growth. This approach involves inhibiting an enzyme called Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase, which is crucial for lipid synthesis activity.
A phase III trial found that MEK inhibition with selumetinib plus docetaxel did not improve progression-free or overall survival in KRAS-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer patients. The study concluded that there is a desperate need for new treatments for this subset of NSCLC patients.
Researchers observed a significantly greater objective response rate (55% vs. 29%) in patients who received pembrolizumab as well as chemotherapy, compared to those treated with chemotherapy alone. Participants also experienced an improved progression-free survival (median 13.0 months vs. 8.9 months) in the pembrolizumab arm.
The OAK study found a 27% improvement in overall survival for patients treated with atezolizumab compared to docetaxel, regardless of PD-L1 expression levels. This benefit was seen across different tumor histologies and even among patients with no PD-L1 expression.
The ASCEND-5 study showed ceritinib significantly improved progression-free survival compared to chemotherapy in crizotinib-pre-treated patients with non-small-cell lung cancer harbouring an ALK rearrangement. Ceritinib also increased overall response rate, but did not improve overall survival.
In the ASCEND-5 study, ceritinib significantly improved progression-free survival compared to chemotherapy in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer harbouring an ALK rearrangement. The primary endpoint was a median progression-free survival of 5.4 months with ceritinib versus 1.6 months with chemotherapy.
Researchers found that neoadjuvant immunotherapy with nivolumab was safe and did not delay surgery in patients with early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer. Six of 15 patients experienced major pathological regression, suggesting potential activity of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in early stage lung cancer.
The study found that surgery performed within 6-9 weeks after neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy (NCRT) correlates with increased risk of poor outcomes, including perioperative mortality and overall survival. In contrast, an optimal interval of less than 8 weeks is recommended to minimize risks associated with radiation pneumonitis.
A study published in JAMA compared five-year survival rates after endosonography and mediastinoscopy for mediastinal nodal staging of lung cancer. The endosonographic strategy was found to be more sensitive for diagnosing mediastinal nodal metastases.
Researchers found that a ginger compound, 6-ginergol, can lower cancer risk when combined with capsaicin, the active ingredient in chili peppers. In mouse studies, only 20% of mice developed lung carcinomas after receiving both compounds, compared to 50% with capsaicin alone.
Sumitra Thongprasert has been awarded the second ESMO Women for Oncology award for her role as a role model for women in oncology. The award acknowledges her advocacy across Asia for female participation in the oncology workforce and promotion of women in leadership positions.
Researchers found that whole brain radiotherapy had no beneficial effect on survival or quality of life compared to best supportive care and steroids. The trial included 538 patients with non-small cell lung cancer who had spread to the brain, and showed that WBRT did not extend survival or improve quality of life.
A study published in Nature found that excess fumarate resulting from enzyme loss leads to epigenetic changes promoting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, a process driving tumor metastasis. This understanding may provide key strategies for cancer therapy targeting metastasis caused by fumarate accumulation.
A University of Louisville researcher found that having children in the home does not prompt parents to test for radon and secondhand smoke, both major contributors to lung cancer. Radon and tobacco smoke have synergistic effects, increasing lung cancer risk, especially in Kentucky where incidence rates are highest.