Articles tagged with Medical Economics
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers found that Hib-vaccinated children had higher HAZ scores, English and math test scores, and schooling attainment compared to unvaccinated children. The study suggests that Hib vaccination prior to age six is associated with improved long-term health, cognition, and schooling outcomes among Indian children.
A survey of 37 nations shows that policy responses need to be tailored to the nation in which they are delivered, as regional factors greatly influence relationships among energy affordability, life satisfaction, health, and economic inequality.
A new study predicts that more than 6 billion people will be at risk of contracting the dengue virus by 2080. The greatest shifts in dengue risk are projected to occur on the African continent, particularly in the Sahel and southern Africa.
Expanding Medicaid eligibility was associated with lower cardiovascular mortality rates, particularly among adults aged 45-64. Counties in expansion states saw a significant reduction in cardiovascular deaths compared to non-expansion states.
A new Health Economics study found that U.S. children's mental health worsened as the economy weakened, with special education services for emotional problems rising. The effects were seen across sexes and ages, suggesting policy responses to poor economic conditions may have larger benefits than anticipated.
A smaller city's municipally funded team provided intensive services to chronically homeless individuals, resulting in most residents entering housing and reducing public services usage. However, the program faced challenges in graduating clients to other support programs.
The number of people dying with serious health-related suffering is set to increase globally, with a 87% rise expected by 2060. Palliative care need will be most pronounced in low- and middle-income countries, with the fastest growth among older adults.
A new study published in The Social Science Journal found that negative economic reporting contributes to people's emotions and increases suicide rates. The study used data from the USA and explored consumer sentiment during times of economic uncertainty.
A randomized controlled trial involving 288 people with obesity found that a mobile phone-based intervention had no significant effect on participants' weight over a 12-month period. The study suggests that the intervention may not be cost-effective in its current form.
A new study finds that immediate, dramatic cuts in carbon emissions can be economically sound if human health benefits are factored in. The research estimates that the health benefits alone could reach trillions of dollars annually, depending on air quality policies adopted by nations.
Families with young children who experienced a reduction or cutoff in SNAP benefits showed increased food insecurity and reported poor health. Those whose benefits were reduced experienced more negative outcomes, including housing instability and compromised child and caregiver health.
Researchers from NYU Tandon School of Engineering have developed models to assess pollution exposures at the neighborhood level, but propose advancing to individual-level assessments using data from environmental sensors, mobile, and wearable devices. This could provide evidence-based arguments for change, particularly impacting indivi...
A new RAND Corporation study found that co-use of cannabis and tobacco or nicotine products is associated with poorer mental and physical health, as well as greater problematic behaviors among young adults. More than a third of surveyed young adults reported using both substances together.
A new study reveals a wide variation in global malaria spending across 106 countries, with development assistance plateauing since 2010. The World Health Organization's annual funding target of $6.6 billion is still not met, and more resources are needed to bridge the $2.3 billion gap.
A new genetic test, known as the Obesity Genome-wide Polygenic Score (GPS), has been developed to predict an individual's risk of developing severe obesity. The test uses a genetic score based on over 2 million variations in a person's genetic code and shows high predictive power.
Regular ultrasounds at 36 weeks' gestation can identify undiagnosed breech presentations, reducing the risk of complications for both mothers and babies. By performing these scans, hospitals could potentially save thousands of pounds annually while improving patient outcomes.
Measles and diphtheria have re-emerged in Venezuela with a disproportionate impact on indigenous populations, with over 7,500 measles cases reported and 100 deaths attributed to the disease. Diphtheria cases also surged, with 96% of reported cases originating from Venezuela, exposing 3 million vulnerable children to the disease.
Researchers from Virginia Tech are undertaking an economic and environmental impact assessment for BOHEMIA, a four-year project using ivermectin MDA campaigns in Tanzania and Mozambique. The study aims to evaluate the potential indirect economic benefits of improved human and livestock productivity.
Population health departments within US medical centers are rapidly evolving to address clinical and social determinants of health. The study highlights five primary opportunities for US medical schools to advance population health, including promoting a holistic view of health, engaging community residents and leaders, supporting heal...
A new study by RAND Corporation found that graphic health warning labels on cigarette packages can deter some adults from purchasing tobacco products, particularly those with lower nicotine dependence. However, the strategy is unlikely to influence those smokers who are most addicted to nicotine.
Dr. Sabico recognized for outstanding scientific merit in vitamin D research, guiding local guidelines for osteoporosis prevention. He is a future thought-leader in musculoskeletal health, advancing awareness in the Middle East region.
Dr Varta Babalyan, President of the Armenian Osteoporosis Association, has been recognized by the International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF) for her dedication to osteoporosis prevention and awareness. She was awarded the IOF CNS Medal in 2019 for her work on expanding IOF's messages and outreach in Armenia.
The International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF) has recognized Greg Lyubomirsky and Radmila Matijevic for their contributions to IOF and dedication to advancing education and awareness of osteoporosis. The award is presented annually to individuals representing IOF member societies, highlighting their exceptional commitment to the field.
Professor John A. Kanis has been recognized with the prestigious IOF Olof Johnell Science Award for his pioneering work in musculoskeletal research and policy implementation. The award acknowledges his development of FRAX models to calculate absolute fracture risk, which has revolutionized clinical practice.
Researchers from Boston University School of Medicine propose revisions to visa categories and licensing laws to host foreign medical graduates for short-term clinical training experiences in the US. This would improve educational impact and equity in global health partnerships.
Researchers analyzed socioeconomic status over time and found those who improved their economic situation had lower mortality risk than those who didn't. The study suggests that cultural and economic improvements can counterbalance initial negative socio-economic circumstances.
A global study found that democratic governance is linked with declines in cardiovascular disease mortality and road deaths, as well as increases in government health spending. Life expectancy improved faster in countries that transitioned to democracy between 1970 and 2015 compared to those that did not.
The study found that percentage-based evidence and human interest stories increased engagement, while discussing overall problem magnitude didn't. Researchers used a nonprofit's health care access campaign to test the effectiveness of different messaging approaches.
A study by RAND Corporation finds that nocturia, a health condition causing frequent nighttime bathroom visits, can lead to economic losses of $44.4 billion annually in the US. People suffering from nocturia report lower life satisfaction and work engagement, resulting in lost productivity and GDP.
A study from a Japanese university consortium shows that university programs to promote rural healthcare increase the number of physicians practicing in rural areas. The programs led to an average 24% increase in graduates working in non-metropolitan areas compared to those without these programs.
A small Ohio State University study found a disconnect between Mexican immigrants' positive accounts of living in the US and their physical signs of stress, such as high blood pressure and obesity. The researchers believe these migrants use positive narratives to cope with discrimination and stress.
A new study published in JAMA found that children with type 1 diabetes outperform their peers in math and reading tests. The research reviewed over 630,000 Danish students' test results and adjusted for socioeconomic status.
A new study by University of Washington researchers found that free-floating bike share programs in Seattle have low helmet usage, with only 20% of riders wearing helmets. The study also showed that bikes were available in all neighborhoods across economic and racial lines, but more bikes were located in affluent areas.
Researchers found that high ratings for engagement in worthwhile activities are associated with strong personal relationships, healthy lifestyles, sound mental and physical health. High ratings predict healthy lifestyles, increased relationships and socializing, and reduced loneliness, depression, and health issues.
Researchers at CDDEP developed a global checklist for hospital antimicrobial stewardship programs to optimize antibiotic use and slow antimicrobial resistance. The seven-core component checklist was tested in 12 hospitals across nine countries, highlighting common barriers to implementation.
Researchers compared the Nike Vaporfly 4% with traditional track spikes, finding that the shoe reduces oxygen update rates and improves performance by 4.2%. The study suggests that lighter running shoes like the NVF can propel athletes forward more efficiently.
A Georgetown University Medical Center study found that nursing homes experience improved quality of care during periods of recession and worsened care when the economy is good. Higher unemployment rates are linked to higher nursing staff levels, leading to better retention and reduced turnover.
Research reveals extreme ethnic inequalities in the care system, with disparities affecting children from minority ethnic groups. The study found that 'White British' children are ten times more likely to be in care than 'Asian Indian' children, and 'Black Caribbean' children are 20 times more likely.
The International Osteoporosis Foundation and the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases established recommendations for economic evaluations in osteoporosis. These guidelines aim to improve transparency and methodologic standards, promoting high-quality methodolo...
The article highlights the growing occupational health risks faced by workers in various industries, including nail salons and garment manufacturing. In these sectors, workers often bear the risk due to lack of regulation or inadequate training, leading to increased rates of asthma, miscarriages, and microbial infections.
Dr. Terry Alger, a Southwest Research Institute director, received the 2019 Edith and Peter O'Donnell Award for his role in developing vehicle engine technologies that lower pollution levels and improve fuel economy. The award recognizes his innovative work on novel hybrid engines, connected and autonomous features, and abnormal combus...
A new study examines geographic disparities in death due to traumatic brain injury among US veterans, finding higher mortality rates for those living in the US territories. The researchers highlight concerns about potential differences in healthcare quality between the US mainland and US territories.
A recent study found that African-American caregivers experience better mental health outcomes than their white peers, likely due to stronger social support networks. The study's authors suggest that adequate preparation for the caregiving role and access to religious communities are key factors in reducing caregiver burden.
Researchers analyzed data from 1.17 million men and women in 49 low- and middle-income countries, finding that 36% of people justified domestic violence in certain situations. The study highlights the need for tailored interventions targeting acceptance of domestic violence in societies affected by political conflict.
A study by UC Santa Barbara's NCEAS reveals that policies restricting grazing access on public lands may harm sage grouse habitats and ranch profitability. Sustainable grazing is key to maintaining habitat and supporting both ranching and wildlife, according to lead author Claire Runge.
The US ranks 27th worldwide in investment in education and healthcare, a decline from 6th in 1990. China sees an increase in ranking to 44th, while nations with greater human capital improvements tend to experience faster growth in GDP.
The study found that Minimum Legal Drinking Age (MLDA) laws reduce binge drinking and risky behaviors such as drunk driving, sexual activities, violence, and interpersonal problems. The analysis suggests a need to reevaluate the MLDA to determine its optimal age.
A study by Northwestern University researchers explored the attitudes and beliefs of Chinese immigrant women regarding their children's and spouse's involvement in their health and healthcare. The findings suggest opportunities for culturally tailored interventions to improve these women's health outcomes.
A new analysis reveals that poor-quality care is responsible for an estimated 5 million deaths per year, surpassing deaths due to insufficient access to care. Global efforts to improve health systems will be futile if quality does not improve.
A new study predicts that the number of adults aged 85 and older requiring full-time care will nearly double to 446,000 in England over the next 20 years. Meanwhile, the overall numbers of people needing 24-hour care are expected to rise by more than a third to over 1 million by 2035.
A new study published in PLOS ONE found that household food insecurity is strongly associated with increased mortality rates in adults. The study analyzed data from Ontario, Canada and found that more severe levels of food insecurity were linked to a higher risk of mortality.
A recent study published in the journal Addiction found that individuals who experience hangovers continue to exhibit impaired cognitive function, including poorer attention and memory, the day after a heavy drinking session. This highlights the need for workplaces to reconsider their guidelines on alcohol intoxication at work.
A new analysis by Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health suggests that achieving universal healthcare (UHC) will require significant transformations in how health services are delivered, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. The study emphasizes the importance of investing in quality medical services, adopting innovative...
Recent FDA research identified effective health messaging strategies for rural, non-Hispanic White males aged 12-17 years who are at risk of initiating or experimenting with smokeless tobacco. The findings suggest that authenticity and straightforward facts about the health consequences of SLT use resonate well with this audience.
The university's School of Medicine has received a $936,000 grant to develop strategies for more equitable food systems in Cleveland. The project aims to sequence and integrate efforts like supermarket expansion, social marketing campaigns, and emergency food assistance programs to achieve maximum community benefit.
A USC study found that when clinicians are given information about a patient's fatal overdose, they prescribe fewer powerful painkillers. Clinicians who received a letter from the county medical examiner were 9.7% less likely to prescribe opioids in the following three months.
Experts recommend states guide doctors in certifying patients who cannot work due to illness, and connect Medicaid enrollees with job training and support services. States should also consider fluctuating work patterns when implementing reporting requirements.
A study published in Frontiers in Public Health found that Grenadian female adolescents adhering to a traditional diet rich in healthy foods have lower rates of obesity than those consuming a more westernized diet. The researchers identified a generational effect, where the prevalence of obesity increases with future generations.
A study in Honduras found that combining conditional payments with investment in schools and clinics leads to better educational and labor market outcomes. The research suggests that this approach can have a transformative impact on individuals' lives.
A study by Penn State researchers found that poor mental health days can lead to a 1.84% drop in per capita real income growth rate, resulting in $53 billion less total income each year. Investing in mental health resources may help mitigate these effects, particularly in rural counties with limited access to services.