Articles tagged with Disease Control
Scientists have successfully reduced bovine leukemia virus levels in cows by combining an immune checkpoint inhibitor with an enzyme inhibitor, showing promise for controlling other diseases in cattle. The treatment also demonstrated antiviral effects in BLV-infected animals with high viral loads.
A new study reveals that a simple genetic system controls complex motor movements in fruit flies, which shares similarities with human movements such as rolling in babies. This discovery provides insights into the molecular basis of motor control and its relationship to diseases like Huntington's and Parkinson's.
Researchers found that CDC-developed Autocidal Gravid Ovitrap (AGO) traps successfully protected people from chikungunya virus infection in Puerto Rican communities. The study showed a significant reduction in CHIKV seropositivity among participants in intervention areas with AGO traps compared to those without traps.
Researchers present a treatment program to guide effective control of sarcoptic mange disease in wombat populations, building on lessons learned from a previous outbreak at Narawntapu National Park. A longer-lasting treatment and improved delivery are proposed to improve capacity for controlling the disease.
A study of 1 million people in 44 low- and middle-income countries found that more than two-thirds have high blood pressure without treatment. Only 30% receive proper diagnosis and treatment, highlighting the need for population-level prevention strategies.
Researchers developed a stable cobalt(III)-nitrosyl complex, enabling controlled nitric oxide delivery to cells. This discovery has the potential to greatly impact treatment development for cardiovascular diseases, including vasodilation and enhanced neuroplasticity.
Scientists propose alternative biological concepts to combat fungal disease in aquatic organisms, including increasing host diversity, vaccination, probiotics, hyperparasitism, and using 'parasite eaters'. These methods aim to reduce environmental harm and promote sustainable aquaculture practices.
A 25-year study of US data found declining average health and worsening income disparities, but some progress in closing the racial gap. The study calls for new approaches to address health equity challenges.
Researchers found that dirty sinks and faucets can splash contaminated water onto patients and healthcare workers, highlighting the importance of faucet design in infection control. The study introduced sink guards as a solution to limit splashing, improving hand hygiene practices.
The introduction of new female external catheter technology at NYC Health + Hospitals/Coney Island significantly reduced CAUTIs by 51.7%, while also decreasing the number of Foley days. This innovation provides a safer alternative to indwelling catheters, reducing the risk of infection.
A new protocol implemented at Montgomery Hospital resulted in a 25-hour reduction in patients' time on broad spectrum antibiotics, saving $322,508 over four months. The interdisciplinary approach combined comprehensive blood culture identification testing with pharmacist recommendations to optimize antibiotic use.
A healthcare system implemented chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) bathing to reduce infections, achieving a 65% reduction in CLABSI, 30% reduction in CAUTI, and 100% reduction in MRSA. Estimated total cost savings were $515,000 between April 2017 and March 2018.
Researchers developed video games to test disease control and prevention strategies, finding that a small shift in risk attitudes can significantly impact disease incidence. The model suggests that changing farmer behavior could make dramatic impacts on avoiding devastating outbreaks.
Researchers found that patients with high skin concentrations of C. auris can shed the fungus and contaminate their surroundings, leading to outbreaks in healthcare facilities. The study provides an explanation for the extensive contamination often seen during C. auris outbreaks.
Researchers and health organizations are urging a coordinated effort to develop operational procedures, including methods for identifying scabies prevalence in impacted countries. The goal is to reduce the burden of scabies-related illnesses such as rheumatic heart disease through mass drug administration strategies.
A new study estimates that half of all Ebola outbreaks have gone undetected since the virus was discovered in 1976. The research highlights the need for improved detection and rapid response to prevent future epidemics.
Researchers have discovered a previously unreported strategy employed by the virus responsible for chickenpox and shingles to powerfully inhibit natural killer cell function. This impairment enables the virus to paralyze natural killer cells, rendering them unable to respond to target cells, thereby evading the immune response.
A NIOSH-funded study is assessing how dental professionals come into contact with vapors, gases, and airborne dusts in clinics. The researchers will measure the size and concentration of particulates in real-time during common dental procedures.
Citrus greening has devastated Florida's citrus farms and threatens California groves. Researchers are exploring strategies to control the disease, including creating resistant crops and delivering anti-microbe peptides.
A randomized controlled trial demonstrated that approximately two-thirds of patients achieving disease control on tocilizumab experience successful treatment outcomes following glucocorticoid tapering. Most patients in both groups achieved treatment success, with a small loss of disease control observed at the total study population le...
Scientists have developed a new gene-targeted approach to study chronic wasting disease in mice, allowing for the detection of distinct prion strain properties in deer and elk. This breakthrough enables researchers to better understand the ability of prions to transmit disease between species.
Researchers review aspects of RA detection and intervention, highlighting potential for early screening and prevention. Studies discuss the development of effective preventive measures, which could significantly alter disease course and quality of life.
Researchers successfully control virus replication in mosquitoes using Wolbachia, which reduces the risk of human disease. The study shows promise for long-term efficacy of Wolbachia as a control option for mosquito-transmitted diseases.
A research team from Osaka University has developed a novel gene therapy approach that targets α-synuclein, a protein associated with Parkinson's disease. By using amido-bridged nucleic acid-modified antisense oligonucleotides, the treatment effectively decreases α-synuclein production and reduces disease severity in mice models.
Researchers found that CD8+ T cells retain protective functions despite sustained inhibitory receptor expression during Epstein-Barr virus infection. Blocking the PD-1 pathway leads to specific defects in controlling the virus and increases tumor formation.
A new statistical framework has been developed to evaluate the effectiveness of mosquito control programs across various time and space scales. The model, applied to a citywide intervention in Iquitos, Peru, found that insecticide spraying reduced Ae. aegypti populations by an average of 67%.
Research at North Carolina State University found that people with substance-use problems are less likely to report wanting effective therapies if they read a message describing addiction as a disease. In contrast, those who received a growth mindset message reported stronger intentions to seek counseling or cognitive-behavioral therapy.
Researchers used an interactive model, Tangible Landscape, to engage forest stakeholders in managing sudden oak death. The model allows participants to explore scenarios and factor in budgets for disease management, providing valuable insights for sustainable solutions.
Researchers discovered that bedbugs have been parasitic companions with other species aside from humans for more than 100 million years. The team found that bedbugs are 50 million years older than bats and were already specialized on a single host type, even though the host was unknown at the time of T. rex.
A review panel led by Regenstrief Institute Research Scientist Kurt Kroenke found that clinicians, policymakers, and payers are misapplying CDC opioid guidelines, negatively affecting patients. The panel identified challenges with implementing the guidelines, including overly restrictive prescribing policies and burdens on clinicians.
The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill's Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention has received a five-year, $3.75 million grant from the CDC to expand its Med-South Lifestyle Program, which aims to reduce chronic disease risk in rural and minority populations.
A 14-year investigation in Bangladesh found that older male patients and those with respiratory issues are at higher risk of transmitting the Nipah virus. The study analyzed 248 cases and identified key factors associated with transmission, recommending public health measures to prevent outbreaks.
Research finds that adult cases with respiratory symptoms are more likely to transmit the virus, highlighting the importance of targeted interventions. Contacts exposed to respiratory secretions are also at higher risk, emphasizing the need for protective measures among spouses and caregivers.
A year-long randomized controlled study is being conducted to evaluate the impact of switching from cigarettes to glo on markers of smoking-related disease development. The study aims to observe any favorable changes and determine if THPs may provide a less risky alternative to cigarette smoking.
A new study reveals a wide variation in global malaria spending across 106 countries, with development assistance plateauing since 2010. The World Health Organization's annual funding target of $6.6 billion is still not met, and more resources are needed to bridge the $2.3 billion gap.
Researchers reviewed 60 years of dengue literature to identify trends and knowledge gaps in the Philippines. The study found that the number of dengue publications increased, but there are still gaps in basic laboratory research and newer intervention measures.
A new study reveals that soft bedding is responsible for almost 70% of sleep-related infant deaths. The most common causes of suffocation in babies under one year old are overlay, soft bedding, and wedging.
An international team of researchers discovered a pair of residues acting as a gate in the archaeal Na+/H+ antiporter PaNhaP. The gate's mutation speeds up the transporter twice as much as the wild type, suggesting a balance between fidelity and efficiency.
A new study found that 40% of outpatient antibiotic prescriptions were unnecessary, with urinary tract infections, bronchitis, skin structure infections, and sinusitis being common causes. Real-time alerts and patient education may help reduce misuse by targeting these factors in the outpatient setting.
Vector-borne diseases such as chikungunya, dengue fever, and Lyme borreliosis are expanding rapidly across Europe due to climate change and international travel. The geographical range of these diseases is expected to increase, with hotter temperatures favouring the spread of mosquitoes and ticks.
A European study finds associations between antibiotic resistance and seasonal temperature, with significant contributions to MRSA variance. Climate change may increase AMR transmission, particularly carbapenem resistance, in various healthcare systems.
Researchers at Yale University tested a text message intervention aimed at improving heart health in Chinese patients with heart disease. The study found that although the texts did not produce the desired outcome, patients liked the messages and wanted them to continue.
Research found that people diagnosed with type 2 diabetes before age 40 have a significantly increased risk of death, stroke, heart attack, and other cardiovascular conditions. Women under 40 are at higher risk than men, while the risk decreases with increasing age of diagnosis.
Researchers propose a plan to provide government subsidies to hospitals with low infection rates, motivating them to strengthen preventive measures. This approach aims to reduce infections within a region by creating a shared incentive system.
The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control reports a 10% decrease in newly diagnosed hepatitis C cases between 2016 and 2017, with over 31,000 cases reported in 2017. However, diagnoses remain high due to under-reporting and variation in national testing practices.
A UTA researcher is studying the relationship between cardiovascular disease and depression, with potential breakthroughs in prevention and therapy. Adults with depression are at an accelerated risk of developing cardiovascular disease, which can happen at an earlier age than expected.
A plant pathologist at UC Riverside has secured a $4 million grant from the USDA to develop a cure for citrus-destroying disease. The research focuses on a novel class of peptides that can directly kill the bacteria and protect healthy trees from infection, offering hope for California's multibillion-dollar citrus industry.
Two rare genetic variants, NOTCH3 and TREM2, linked to Alzheimer's disease have been discovered. The NOTCH3 variant is more frequent in Ashkenazi Jews and may lead to a diagnostic test for AD in this population.
A new ventilation system has been shown to reduce the risk of airborne infections in hospital rooms, which can cause serious complications for immunosuppressed patients. The study found that displacement ventilation systems can reduce the risk of exposure to airborne pathogens compared to traditional mixing ventilation systems.
A study in Ghana found that awareness of Female Genital Schistosomiasis is lacking, affecting disease control in girls and women. The researchers' findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to address stigma and promote understanding of this chronic gynecological condition.
A study found considerable microbial colonization in ball pits, including bacteria and yeast that can cause disease. The research highlights the need for regular cleaning protocols to reduce the risk of transmission of these organisms.
Researchers have developed a nanofibrous membrane that enhances periodontal tissue regeneration and is absorbed by the body when healing is complete. The membrane, made from biocompatible polymers, promotes bone mineralization and regrows lost gum tissue in rats with periodontal defects within eight weeks.
Scientists have discovered a new mobile DNA element in the mosquito parasite Wolbachia, which may contribute to improved control strategies for mosquito-borne illnesses. The novel plasmid is widespread across natural Wolbachia populations and has potential implications for controlling disease transmission.
Researchers found that around half of all British farms were connected to more than 1,000 other farms per year when buying in cattle, and two-thirds were connected to over 1,000 farms when selling. This extensive network of contact chains can help identify potential routes for disease spread and inform control strategies.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) cases increased by 14.7% in China between 1990 and 2016, with nearly 94 million cases reported in 2016. The overall death rate from CVD dropped by 29% during the same period, indicating a decrease in CVD burden.
A dollar-for-dollar matching subsidy effectively reduces hospital-acquired infections, according to a study by CDDEP and Princeton University. The researchers found that subsidies should be given to hospitals with lower transmission rates to improve infection control for both facilities.
A study using models of infection and hospital behavior found that matching dollar-for-dollar subsidies for low-transmission rates yielded the greatest reduction in infected patients. This approach effectively encourages hospitals to prioritize infection control efforts.
Researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center have developed a new mathematical method that enables the mapping of cell regulatory networks with significantly reduced biological material. This breakthrough may lead to better treatments for autoimmune diseases like multiple sclerosis, psoriasis, and inflammatory bowel dis...
Researchers have created high-resolution maps to predict the spread of mosquito-borne diseases, pinpointing areas of concern like large urban areas in southern US and China. The tool will help public health officials target interventions efficiently to reduce disease burden.
A Rutgers study found that young adults who engage in non-suicidal self-injury intentionally inflict physical injury to elicit pain and relieve emotional distress. The researchers discovered that participants with high negative emotions and less pain during injuries were more likely to repeat the behavior.