Articles tagged with Genetic Analysis
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A gene-based test for lung cancer risk assessment motivates smokers to quit or cut down, according to a clinical study. The test, Respiragene, resulted in 32% of smokers quitting altogether and another 48% reducing their cigarette intake.
A study published in Social Cognitive & Affective Neuroscience found that a specific genetic variant, COMT-Val, is associated with an increased willingness to donate. Participants with this variant donated twice as much money to charity compared to those with the other variant, COMT-Met.
Researchers analyzed 16,000 traits in the worm Caenorhabditis elegans to find that genes located near the ends of chromosomes varied more than those in the middle. This discovery suggests that evolution is less about trait characteristics and more about where genes affecting those traits reside.
A randomized trial found that HPV DNA-based screening and cryotherapy significantly reduced high-grade cervical cancer precursors in unscreened South African women. The study suggests that a 'screen-and-treat' approach can be an effective cervical cancer prevention strategy, especially in low-resource settings.
Researchers from McGill University have discovered that mutations in the SCARF2 gene are responsible for Van Den Ende-Gupta syndrome, an extremely rare genetic disorder characterized by unique head and facial features. The study utilized a high-tech genome analyzing machine to quickly sequence coding portions of the human genome and id...
Researchers identified the WRD11 gene as a key player in normal puberty development and its connection to the sense of smell. Chromosomal break helped clear up why some patients with delayed puberty have no sense of smell.
Researchers mapped infection-response genes in Culex quinquefasciatus to better understand its role in transmitting diseases such as West Nile virus and lymphatic filariasis. The study aims to broaden the understanding of immunity genes beyond those expected, potentially providing a new approach to controlling mosquito-borne diseases.
Researchers at Monell Center discovered a genetic variation linked to impaired olfactory perception, affecting approximately 14% of individuals. The study used DNA analysis and sensory testing to reveal the connection between an olfactory receptor gene and sulfurous compound sensitivity.
Dr. Jurg Ott receives the prestigious William Allan Award for his groundbreaking research on linkage analysis and complex disease, advancing genome-wide association scans (GWAS) and related techniques. His contributions have had a significant impact on human genetics, including analyzing gene linkages for various genetic disorders.
A University of Michigan-led team identified a gene responsible for a devastating inherited kidney disorder using a new, faster genetic analysis technique. The success offers hope that scientists can speed the search for genes responsible for many rare diseases and test drugs to treat them.
Researchers found hundreds of rhododendron species could be derived from hybrids, explaining rich biodiversity and ancient cross-breeding. Ancient pairings of wild plants led to development of new species over millions of years.
Researchers discovered a new species of bacteria degrading oil at an unprecedented rate without oxygen depletion. The study found that psychrophilic bacteria played a significant role in controlling deep-sea oil plumes, suggesting a potential for natural bioremediation.
A newly developed DNA test can quickly analyze crime scene DNA and compare it to suspects' DNA, potentially keeping high-risk individuals incarcerated longer. The test, which takes four hours to produce results, is an improvement over current methods that take 24-72 hours.
A team of researchers has discovered a rare and unique 'elkhorn' coral in the Pacific Ocean, with colonies reaching up to five meters across. Genetic analysis suggests that it may be a variant of the critically endangered Atlantic elkhorn coral, highlighting conservation concerns due to limited data on its population size.
Research on giant pandas in China's Xiaoxiangling and Daxiangling mountains shows physical barriers can isolate genetic groups. Gene flow is crucial for maintaining genetic diversity and is negatively affected by habitat fragmentation. Reconnecting habitats could restore population viability of the endangered species.
Researchers found that genetic variation, known as gene expression noise, can lead to increased vigour in species hybrids. This study provides a new explanation for hybrid vigor, covering both natural and domesticated varieties.
Scientists have developed a new, automated genetic method for determining a broader range of blood types, enabling better matching in blood banks. The HiFi Blood 96 test can handle high volumes of blood and is more affordable than existing commercial tests, paving the way for wider adoption of extended blood group typing.
A community-based study found HPV DNA testing to be over 50% more sensitive than cytology testing for detecting precancers and cervical cancers. The study involved 50,000 women and revealed a significant reduction in precancer rates among HPV DNA-positive women.
23andMe's web-based research framework facilitates rapid recruitment of participants, reducing time and money needed for new discoveries. The study replicated several known genetic associations, including novel SNP associations for hair curl and freckling.
Researchers are analyzing five cancers in dogs, including histiocytic sarcomas, to identify genetic changes and potential treatments for humans. The study aims to develop targeted therapies by analyzing the gene makeup of purebred dogs with specific breeds being affected by certain types of cancer.
Researchers at NYU Langone Medical Center found that Jewish communities retained their genetic influences despite migration, exhibiting common genetic threads. The study identified distinct population clusters with shared Middle Eastern ancestry and variable degrees of European and North African intermingling.
A powerful new genome barcoding system has revealed large-scale structural variations in the human genome, including variations of thousands to hundreds of thousands of DNA's smallest pieces. This technology allows for a comprehensive view of the human genome and may lead to breakthroughs in disease treatment and personalized genomics.
A team of researchers has identified two new genes that may play a role in the development of late-onset Alzheimer's disease. The study, published in the Journal of the American Medical Association, used genome-wide association analysis to identify the genes on chromosomes 2 and 19, which were found to be associated with AD.
Research at Mayo Clinic reveals stool DNA testing can identify two types of colorectal pre-cancers in IBD patients and serrated polyps. The tests show a high detection rate for these precancerous lesions, offering promise for improving colon cancer prevention.
MIT researchers have developed a new tool for rapid DNA damage analysis, combining the comet assay's versatility with high-capacity platforms. The technology enables automated readout and can be used to test potential cancer drugs and detect environmental toxin effects.
Researchers found that paper wasps and honey bees rely on the same network of genes to guide their social behavior, including division of labor and brain activity. The study identified over 4,900 genes active in the wasp brain, confirming a genetic toolkit shared by both species.
A blood test and DNA analysis accurately predict which men with low-grade prostate cancers may need treatment, say Johns Hopkins scientists. The prostate health index and DNA content in biopsy tissue can detect the progression of small prostate cancers.
A recent study found that a gene variant associated with the COMT gene may help protect against decline in cognitive function among older adults. The Val variant showed a protective effect on thinking skills, outperforming those without the variant by up to 45%.
Researchers have created a global map of human gene expression using data from 163 laboratories worldwide involving 5,372 human samples. The analysis reveals six distinct groups or 'continents' of gene expression activity, providing new insights into the genetic basis of human function and behavior.
The study supports the utility of Chronix's serum DNA tests to predict clinical status and monitor disease activity in multiple sclerosis. The findings show that the approach can differentiate periods of active disease attacks from stable periods, providing a real-time measure of disease activity.
A new mathematical approach, csSAM, allows for accurate and quick characterization of immune cells in human blood, enabling the distinction between health and disease states. This breakthrough method identifies changes in gene expression patterns, overcoming previous obstacles such as cell separation and variation in cell proportions.
Researchers have identified genes that predispose people to gluten intolerance, which is linked to the human immune system and inflammations rather than gluten breakdown. The findings suggest a possible connection between virus infections and the onset of gluten intolerance.
Researchers confirm NEIL3 as a functional DNA glycosylase in both vitro and in vivo studies. The protein effectively removes damaged bases from DNA, particularly the FapyGua lesion, which may cause dangerous mutations.
Researchers analyzed genomic data from African, Asian, and European populations to estimate breeding sex ratios, finding that modern humans tend towards monogamy but exhibit polygamous tendencies over evolutionary history. The study's novel method of analysis provides new insights into the genetic population structure of humans.
Researchers found similar connectivity between genes in normal individuals and schizophrenia patients, but a significant link between aging and gene expression patterns was discovered. Age-related aberrant regulation of developmentally related genes might explain at least part of the manifestation of schizophrenia.
Researchers identified a link between aging and abnormal gene expression patterns in schizophrenia patients, suggesting that age-related aberrant regulation of developmental genes may explain the manifestation of the disease. The study supports early intervention and treatment tailored to the patient's age.
A new study examined gene networks instead of individual genes to confirm the influence of glutamate receptor signaling genes on a person's level of response (LR) to alcohol. The findings show that variation in sets of genes encoding components for neuronal communication contribute to individual differences in alcohol LR.
A new study conducted at Uppsala University reveals that the two skulls believed to be from Saint Bridget and her daughter Catherine are not from maternally related individuals. The findings suggest that the skulls may not be authentic, contradicting centuries-old historical records.
Three young scientists will receive financial support to attend the AAAS Annual Meeting to present their research on topics including a science teaching strategy, HIV medication synthesis, and DNA integrity analysis. The award aims to help them attain careers in their chosen fields.
A study of nearly 800 patients with non-small cell lung cancer identified genetic characteristics associated with increased recurrence-free survival, differing between men and women based on age.
A new study published in the Journal of Heredity confirms that shark pups born to virgin mothers can survive for over five years. Genetic analysis by researchers at Stony Brook University and Queen's University found that some female sharks can produce viable offspring without male sperm, a phenomenon known as parthenogenesis.
Researchers have discovered elevated levels of DNA damage in the cellular mitochondria and nuclei of patients with Friedreich's ataxia. The findings suggest that gene activity patterns associated with responses to DNA damage may be used as predictive biomarkers for the disease.
A new UK study has found no evidence of the XMRV virus in patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS), contradicting previous findings that suggested a link. The research suggests that CFS treatment using anti-retroviral drugs may not be effective.
Researchers have found that male and female mosquitoes harmonize with each other to find a compatible mate. The study reveals that different mosquito forms can travel together despite their genetic diversity, which has significant implications for malaria control.
Researchers at TGen identified genetic markers associated with end-stage renal disease in diabetics, providing hope for early diagnosis and prevention. The study found eight locations along the human genome tied to ESRD, including six potential markers for Type 1 diabetes.
Researchers discovered ancient DNA samples in permafrost soil, dating back to between 10,500 and 7,500 years ago, indicating that mammoths and prehistoric horses roamed the area for 2,600-5,600 years longer than previously assumed. This finding sheds new light on the extinction of these species.
The study analyzes OES beads from SDG site, concluding that the two pathways of manufacture differed in drilling and trimming stages. The findings suggest prehistoric artisans had excellent skills, using standardized bead sizes to convey messages.
Researchers aim to establish a standard for 'sufficiency' of information in friction ridge patterns, addressing the lack of quantifiable standards in the field. The goal is to improve accuracy and contribute to advancing science in forensic pattern recognition and comparison.
Researchers developed new tools to predict disease progression in acute childhood leukemia by analyzing DNA methylation patterns. The study found that specific genes' methylation levels correlate with treatment response, enabling identification of patients at risk of relapse.
A large-scale genetic analysis of 17,296 women identified 43 genetic loci contributing to lipoprotein metabolism, providing new insights into the molecular basis of cardiovascular disease. The study also quantifies the contribution of common genetic variation to plasma lipoprotein concentrations.
Researchers have discovered that ancient penguin DNA can significantly challenge the accuracy of traditional genetic aging measurements, suggesting that many specimens may be up to 600% younger than reported. This finding has major implications for our understanding of evolutionary rates and the history of evolution.
A team of researchers from Harvard University discovered that army ant colonies can be cooperative instead of combative when they lose their queen. The lost workers are absorbed by neighboring colonies and integrate quickly, often losing their distinct colony odor within days.
A new genetic method allows for precise identification of all eight tuna species from processed tissue, helping conservation efforts and trade controls. The analysis of DNA sequence variability enables full discrimination between the recognized species.
A study in South Africa found that medical documentation of injuries is associated with higher conviction rates in adult rape cases, while DNA evidence has limited impact. The research highlights the importance of basic forensic medical practices in assisting courts in rape cases.
Researchers can access optimized methods for RNA isolation, qRT-PCR, and coimmunoprecipitation of RNA-protein complexes from zebrafish and C. elegans. These protocols enable the study of RNA interactions with proteins to drive cellular activities.
Two studies by Dartmouth researchers analyzed how personal genetic testing companies use genome data to judge customer health, finding the knowledge base is still in its infancy. The authors also used genetic data to reveal ancestry information, discovering six subgroups of people with distinct genetic backgrounds.
Researchers at Michigan Technological University have identified three genes linked to sporadic ALS, a type of neuromuscular disorder. The discovery provides valuable insights into the genetic basis of the disease and may lead to the development of new treatments or a potential cure.
New research suggests that Europe's first farmers migrated into central and Eastern Europe around 7,500 years ago, bringing domesticated plants and animals with them. The study analyzed DNA from hunter-gatherer and early farmer burials, finding little evidence of a direct genetic link between the two groups.
The use of genetic diagnosis in embryos raises concerns about eugenics and perfect child policies. Research shows that parents avoid having children with severe diseases they already carry, rather than seeking a 'perfect' child. Inflammatory language can fuel the debate, but evidence-based policy and practice are needed.
Researchers at UBC have created a method to extract high-quality DNA from diluted or contaminated samples using electric fields. This breakthrough has significant implications for forensic investigations and basic life-science research.