Articles tagged with Muscles
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Researchers at Scripps Research have developed a potential drug that targets the genetic defect causing myotonic dystrophy type 1, a disease affecting 1 in 2,500 people. The therapy, called Cugamycin, improves muscle defects without harming healthy gene transcripts.
Researchers have developed a new group of medicinal products called IASPs that increase muscle and bone mass in mice. The treatment has shown promise in counteracting osteoporosis and improving muscle mass, but its effects on blood cells are still being studied.
Researchers have described a new muscular disease called Myoglobinopathy, caused by a mutation in the myoglobin gene. The study, led by IDIBELL, identifies characteristics lesions in muscle biopsies and altered biochemical properties of mutated myoglobin.
A study of elite female weightlifters found they have the same amount and in some cases more fast twitch fibers than their male counterparts. This challenges a persistent stereotype about women athletes and highlights the influence of training on muscle fiber development.
Researchers at HSE Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience propose preoperative training to enhance neurobiomechanical patterns for better motor activity. The study focuses on autotransplanting latissimus dorsi muscle for elbow flexion, showing promising results in accelerating rehabilitation.
Researchers developed a simple field test to evaluate hockey players' groin and hip function. The test, called the five-second squeeze test, correlates pain levels with impaired sporting function and diminished hip muscle strength.
Researchers at the Salk Institute have identified a gene mutation that causes motor axon misrouting, leading to improper connection with muscles. The study reveals how p190 acts as a blinder to guide axons outside of the spinal cord, shedding light on the intricate mechanisms of cell signaling and development.
A new device, paired with a customized video game, helps retrain stroke survivors' arm muscles into moving more normally. Most participants experienced increased arm mobility and reduced arm stiffness, retaining function after finishing the training.
Researchers at Saarland University develop robotic arms with flexible, shape-memory wires, allowing for greater agility and precision. These 'muscles' can be used to create large grippers or tiny endoscopes, enabling new applications in medical procedures.
A new study suggests that combining blood flow restriction (BFR) therapy with traditional rehabilitation efforts may slow bone loss and reduce return to function time after ACL reconstruction. The addition of BFR was found to minimize muscle mass loss, preserve bone density, and improve functional outcomes in patients.
A University of Texas at Arlington nursing professor has been awarded $6.575 million in grants to combat debilitating musculoskeletal diseases such as sarcopenia and osteoporosis. His research aims to advance discovery of how aging leads to these conditions, with the goal of developing new diagnostics and treatments.
Researchers discovered that muscle stem cells produce proteins MyoD and Hes1 in an oscillatory manner, ensuring a sufficient supply of stem cells. This phenomenon is crucial for muscle regeneration and differentiation. The study aims to develop new therapies for muscular disorders by understanding the oscillation mechanism.
University at Buffalo researchers found a relationship between sub-vocalization, auditory imagery, and poor pitch singing accuracy. Sub-vocalization, or silent muscle movements of the face and larynx, may be a counterproductive strategy for singers, leading to inaccuracy.
Researchers discovered a 'snapping organ' in planthopper bugs that enables them to produce fast, rhythmic motions of their abdomen to attract mates. The mechanism involves the release of stored elastic energy, allowing the bugs to communicate effectively despite their small size.
A recent study found that moderate muscle mass reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes by 32 percent. The benefits were independent of cardiorespiratory fitness, and higher levels of muscle strength did not provide additional protection. Building strength with resistance exercise may be a helpful way to prevent type 2 diabetes.
A study published in Frontiers in Nutrition found that consuming a casein shake just before overnight sleep increases muscle protein synthesis, leading to bigger squat and quad gains. This effect is thought to be due to increased total protein intake, not just the bedtime beverage.
Researchers at the European Molecular Biology Laboratory developed methods to study protein structures under force, revealing a protein 'strain absorber' that stretches up to 2.5 times its original length. This discovery opens new avenues for understanding molecular elasticity in proteins and their response to small forces.
Researchers discovered areas within the motor cortex responsible for muscle control and rapid sensorimotor transformations required for vocal interactions in Alston's singing mice. The study's findings suggest that effective vocal communication may rely on functional separation of sound generation and timing functions.
Researchers studying Alston's singing mouse found a brain circuit that enables fast back-and-forth conversation, like human talking. The motor cortex is necessary for vocal interaction, and separate circuits enable rapid starts and stops.
A recent study found that resistance training improves health in over 65-year-olds, with benefits even when training as little as once per week. The benefits include improved blood values, muscle strength, and mental well-being.
Researchers used a mouse model to isolate stem cells in rotator cuff muscles and calf muscles, finding that rotator cuff stem cells develop into fewer muscle cells and more fat cells. DNA-level studies revealed genes involved in fat metabolism were activated in rotator cuff muscle stem cells.
Elevation of blood sugar levels triggers muscle atrophy by increasing KLF15 protein abundance, slowing down its degradation via WWP1. This leads to diabetes-induced skeletal muscle mass decline.
A new oral medication targeting NF-κB, a key link between loss of dystrophin and disease progression, has been well-tolerated in boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. The Phase 1 clinical trial results indicate that the drug can reduce levels of NF-κB-regulated genes and serum proteins thought to originate from damaged muscles.
Researchers find that a peripheral nerve injury can trigger the onset and spread of ALS in an animal model, with inflammation spreading from the site of injury. The study uses genetically-engineered rats with ALS-like symptoms to demonstrate the link between nerve injury and disease progression.
A modified push-up exercise called 'push-up plus' strengthens the serratus anterior muscle, which connects the rib cage to the shoulder blade. This study found that different hand positions and orientations activated various muscle groups, making it an effective exercise for athletes and individuals with specific needs.
Researchers at UTMB have developed a promising drug that significantly increases muscle size, strength and metabolic state in aged mice. The study found that the drug resets muscle stem cells to a more youthful state, rejuvenating them to effectively repair muscle tissues.
A University of Minnesota Medical School research breakthrough highlights the potential of cell therapies for treating muscular dystrophy. The study identifies the molecular signature of muscle stem cells generated in vitro and their transformation upon transplantation into mice with muscular dystrophy.
Recreational cyclists experience reduced exercise efficiency and skeletal muscle oxygenation at high cadences, unlike elite professionals who can sustain high intensities. The study found forces exerted on the pedals decrease at higher cadences, and cycling efficiency decreases.
A study published in The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery found that rotator cuff muscle stem cells have a higher propensity to develop into fat cells, leading to fatty infiltration and weakening of the muscles. This genetic basis may explain why rotator cuff tears are difficult to rehabilitate.
A genus of deaf moth has evolved a novel sound-producing structure in its wings to warn bats of its presence. The discovery suggests that the moths are acoustically mimicking unpalatable, sound-producing moths to deter bats.
A study by BCN MedTech researchers found that muscle tension significantly reduces human stability, especially in daily stress situations. The study suggests that many young subjects struggle with abdominal breathing, highlighting the need for explicit exploration of breathing difficulties.
Researchers have restored muscle stem cell function in animal models of Duchenne muscular dystrophy, leading to efficient muscle regeneration and preventing progressive loss of muscle strength. The study's findings suggest a new treatment approach may be effective in addressing this complex disease.
Hokkaido University researchers have developed a strategy to fabricate materials that become stronger in response to mechanical stress. By employing 'double-network hydrogels,' they were able to create soft, yet tough materials that can adapt and strengthen based on surrounding conditions.
A six-week high-intensity resistance training program improved insulin sensitivity by 16% and increased muscle size and strength in overweight men. The study suggests that short sessions of exercise to exhaustion are equally effective as longer sessions, making it a time-efficient way to improve health outcomes.
A national study is comparing three FDA-approved treatments for fecal incontinence: biofeedback therapy, inert injectable compounds, and pacemaker stimulation. The five-year study aims to determine which treatment is most effective and safe for patients with moderate to severe fecal incontinence.
Researchers have found that nuclei gained during training persist even when muscle cells shrink due to disuse or disease, allowing for rapid growth when retrained. This discovery has important implications for public health policy and suggests that exercise in early life can help prevent frailty in old age.
A new study from the European Society of Cardiology found that loss of muscle mass is a significant risk factor for disability after stroke. Muscle wasting was observed in patients who lost at least 5% of their body weight, and those with cachexia had lower functional capacity and handgrip strength.
A UTA research team is developing a method to treat vaginal prolapse by reattaching pelvic floor muscles using a strong, bioactive adhesive. This approach aims to prevent complications and improve quality of life for thousands of women affected by the condition.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have developed a method to engineer muscle tissue that integrates with neurons, enabling functional and responsive muscle. The approach uses grooved platforms to promote ordered muscle fiber growth and neuronal integration.
A study from the University of Virginia Health System found that pre-injury exercise can substantially preserve both muscle and nerve. The research used a 'reporter gene' to measure oxidative stress on muscle and nerves after blood flow restoration, revealing clearer protection through exercise.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University found that wearable sensors measure the wrong thing, focusing on foot impact rather than muscle contraction forces. They discovered a strong correlation between ground reaction forces and tibial bone loading was false, and only combined data from multiple sensors can estimate bone stress accurately.
A study published by The Endocrine Society found that gastric bypass surgery improves relative muscle strength and physical performance in people with obesity. Despite dramatic weight loss causing a decline in absolute strength, patients experience meaningful improvements in walking speed and other measures of physical function.
Researchers at Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute have found that muscle stem cells can give rise to cancer in DMD patients. The study identified two genes linked to the tumor's growth and suggests that treatments targeting muscle stem cells should consider potential cancer risk.
Acute flaccid myelitis, a devastating illness affecting mostly children, has seen breakthroughs in treatment through nerve transfer surgery. Dr. Scott Wolfe's pioneering work has restored arm movement and function in several young patients, providing new hope for those affected by this mysterious and debilitating condition.
A new study published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition found that vitamin D supplements have no significant impact on bone mineral density or falls among older adults. However, higher doses may improve bone metabolism and be safe for those over 70.
A study by the University of Exeter and the University of Queensland reveals that plantar intrinsic muscles have a minimal impact on supporting the arch of the human foot during walking and running. However, these muscles are crucial for propelling forward motion.
A new study published in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine found that childhood body composition plays a crucial role in determining future lung health. Boys and girls with higher muscle mass in childhood have higher lung function, while those with more fat mass have lower lung function.
A study found that omega-3 fatty acid supplements reduced muscle mass loss and enhanced recovery after immobilization. Young women who consumed fish oil for four weeks experienced significant muscle preservation compared to those consuming sunflower oil.
A study of 17 astronauts found that long-duration spaceflight reduces paraspinal muscle size by 4.6-8.8% and increases fatty tissue content, with some changes persisting for up to four years after returning to Earth.
Researchers found that small limbs like insect legs can execute fast movements without central nervous system control, thanks to dynamic passive forces generated by the flexor muscle. These findings contradict previous notions of how small limbs move quickly and highlight the importance of active-muscle and opponent interactions.
A research team has identified and overcome a barrier in CRISPR gene editing that may lay the foundation for sustained treatments using the technique. By increasing the quantity of 'flags' in CRISPR, they were able to extend the effectiveness of treatment from three months to 18 months in mice with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
A new neuroprosthetic device may provide a more natural approach to restoring facial movement in patients with hemifacial palsy. The device uses paired muscle contractions linked to electrical activity on the unaffected side to produce more natural, symmetrical movements.
Researchers at San Francisco State University found that poor head and neck alignment while working on computers can cause fatigue, headaches, and neck pain. By adopting good posture, such as keeping the head aligned with the neck, individuals can reduce muscle tension and alleviate these symptoms.
Surgeons perform primary targeted muscle reinnervation (TMR) to reduce phantom limb and stump pain in amputees. The procedure, done at the time of initial amputation, greatly improves patient outcomes and quality of life.
Scientists at the University of Texas Health Science Center have engineered a novel human stem cell line for skeletal muscle, enabling faster and more efficient generation of muscle stem cells. The breakthrough could lead to disease modeling, gene correction, and potential cell therapy for patients with muscle disorders.
Researchers at the University of Minnesota have made a significant breakthrough in understanding FSHD by determining the three-dimensional structure of the DUX4 protein. This protein is responsible for the disease, which affects approximately 1 million people globally and currently has no treatment. The study's findings provide valuabl...
Researchers highlight advancements in electrospinning for use in rotator cuff tissue engineering, focusing on improving nano-topographical properties and mechanical strengths. Human tissue is used to determine cyto-compatibility, but outcome measures vary across studies.
A study published in Clinical Endocrinology found that DHEA therapy increased bone mineral density in older women, particularly in the lumbar spine, total hip, and trochanter. However, the increases were not as large as seen with other treatments like bisphosphonates.
Acute flaccid myelitis is a rare but serious condition in children that can progress rapidly and result in persistent health deficits. The disease is usually caused by enteroviruses and requires urgent testing and medical attention.
Three JAMA Pediatrics articles focus on acute flaccid myelitis (AFM), a poorly understood condition causing muscle weakness and spinal cord lesions in children. The studies aim to better understand the cause, progression, biomarkers, prognosis, and treatment of AFM.