Articles tagged with Homeostasis
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A study found that the sleep/wake cycle is delayed by two hours for every 50-degree increase in latitude during winter, due to changes in sunrise time and insolation. This lag can be mitigated through Summer Time Arrangements or Daylight Saving Time (DST) adjustments.
Researchers at Tel Aviv University have discovered a homeostatic mechanism that regulates brain activity in neural circuits, paving the way for new treatments of epilepsy. A commonly used medication for multiple sclerosis may also be effective in suppressing seizures in patients with Dravet syndrome.
Research suggests that autophagy on neuronal cells can lead to neurodegeneration, highlighting the importance of targeting mitochondria and autophagy-related proteins in disease treatment. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a significant contributor to neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer
Researchers at MIT's Picower Institute identified the MVP gene as essential for homeostatic plasticity in neurons with 16p11.2 deletion syndrome, a common genetic cause of autism. The study found that reduced MVP levels disrupted neural circuit adjustments to experience, leading to impaired learning and memory.
A four-year study published in Science found that sleep leads to a 20% decrease in synapse size, allowing for more growth and learning the next day. The discovery supports the synaptic homeostasis hypothesis, suggesting that sleep is essential for brain plasticity.
Researchers at USC Viterbi School of Engineering have developed a new material to self-regulate the temperature of satellites, reducing on-board power reserves and increasing lifespan. The hybrid structure of silicon and vanadium dioxide performs 20 times better than current semiconductors in maintaining optimal satellite temperatures.
Research suggests PCSK9 plays a role in platelet activation and aggregation, with higher levels linked to increased platelet reactivity. PCSK9 inhibitors may also reduce thrombosis by interfering with platelet function.
Researchers uncovered a molecular pathway that responds to nutrient scarcity and lowers synapse activity in fruit fly larvae. This finding suggests that fasting may be beneficial by reducing neurotransmitter release and saving energy expenditure.
Scientists have discovered a complex interaction between zinc and serum albumin, revealing multiple binding sites that facilitate the transport of zinc throughout the body. This finding provides new insights into how the body maintains delicate balances necessary for good health, known as homeostasis.
Research by Adam Rose at German Cancer Research Center shows that low protein diets can improve glucose homeostasis and reduce metabolic disorders in obese mice. Low protein intake activates stress response pathways in the liver, promoting metabolic integrity.
A recent study published in Cell reveals that sleep suppresses brain rebalancing, a mechanism crucial for neural activity regulation. This finding contradicts previous theories on the role of sleep in memory consolidation and homeostatic plasticity.
The study visualizes the human brain's neural anatomy, revealing previously unidentified connections between the brainstem and forebrain. These connections support the concept of an integrated central homeostatic network in the brain.
Researchers found that alcohol interferes with the body's natural sleep-regulating mechanism, altering sleep patterns and causing disrupted sleep. The study suggests that drinking alcohol to fall asleep can have negative consequences on sleep quality and overall health.
Schlemm's canal has been found to have lymphatic characteristics, including a growth factor that reduces eye pressure. This discovery challenges the current understanding of the eye's drainage system and opens up new avenues for glaucoma treatment and diagnosis.
Researchers found that endostatin helps maintain stable neural circuit function through homeostatic plasticity. This discovery challenges previous views on the protein's functions and opens new avenues for understanding neurological disorders.
Researchers found that epigenetic alterations play a crucial role in disrupting intestinal T cell homeostasis, leading to autoimmune diseases like inflammatory bowel disease. A novel conditionally immortalized human β cell line has also been developed, offering new avenues for studying β cell properties and proliferation.
Researchers have discovered a new protein, redeye, that promotes sleep in fruitflies by regulating the amount of time they spend sleeping. The study found that the redeye protein levels oscillate with daily cycles and peak at times of increasing sleep need.
The SHY hypothesis suggests that sleep weakens brain connections to conserve energy and avoid cellular stress. During wakefulness, learning strengthens synaptic connections, making them more susceptible to interference with new information.
Researchers have discovered that processing bodies can contribute to immune defenses by responding to viral infections. Viruses alter the composition of processing bodies to enhance their replication, but PBs can limit this ability.
Gina Turrigiano's concept of synaptic scaling resolves the paradox of maintaining stability and flexibility in neurons. Her laboratory has shown that neurons can 'tune' themselves by adjusting excitatory synaptic strengths to control output, while maintaining relative input strengths.
A study published in Nature reveals that Basic Yellow 1, a neurodegenerative marker, also has anti-aging properties in nematode worms. The compound extends lifespan by more than 50% and slows disease-like pathology in healthy worms.
The new initiative will characterize the human immune system under normal conditions and following infection or vaccination, using systems biology approaches. Researchers will analyze human samples from well-characterized cohorts to identify specific patterns of immune molecules that reflect immune system function.
A Canadian/U.S. research team has reported a therapeutic model exploiting the natural dynamics of the 'fight or flight' system to stimulate recovery from chronic stress disorders. The HPA axis dysfunction may become chronic if driven far from its natural homeostatic rest point, leading to disorders like CFS, depression, and PTSD.
A recent study published in Science has identified a gene that controls sleep in fruit flies, which may help understand the need for sleep and develop new treatments for insomnia. The Sleepless gene affects homeostatic regulation of sleep, and its mutation led to impaired coordination, restlessness, and reduced lifespan.
Researchers discovered that calcium channel blockers diltiazem and verapamil can restore partial enzyme homeostasis in cell lines from patients with Gaucher disease, Ą-mannosidosis, and type IIIA mucopolysaccharidosis. This finding may lead to a new treatment option for patients with neuropathic lysosomal storage diseases.
Researchers found that increasing ER calcium levels partially restored mutant lysosomal enzyme homeostasis in cell lines. Diltiazem and verapamil, L-type Ca2+ channel blockers, achieved this through a Ca2+ ion-mediated upregulation of chaperones, potentially treating neuropathic storage diseases.
Researchers identified TXNIP as a key regulator of glucose homeostasis in humans. Elevated TXNIP levels inhibit glucose uptake in muscle and fat cells, contributing to type 2 diabetes. Modulating TXNIP activity may help break the cycle leading to diabetes.
A new model reveals that calcium control regulates synaptic plasticity, allowing rapid changes and stabilizing synapses without growing indefinitely. This breakthrough sheds light on the fundamental basis of memory, learning, and brain development.
Researchers propose a novel regimen of frequent low-dose caffeine to help shift workers and others stay awake. The strategy works by building up caffeine levels in sync with the homeostatic system's push for sleep.
A new study by Harvard Medical School researchers found that taking small, frequent doses of caffeine is the most effective way to stay awake. This dosing regimen builds up caffeine levels in sync with growing sleep pressure, counteracting its effects and improving cognitive performance.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center have discovered a molecular mechanism that allows neurons to adjust their sensitivity to stimulation, a process known as homeostatic plasticity. This discovery provides long-sought clues to how neurons protect themselves during stroke, epilepsy, and spinal cord injury.
A new study found that chronic alcohol abuse can cause severe and persistent alterations in hormone levels regulating electrolyte and water balance. After 280 days of strict abstinence, researchers found suppressed AVP levels and elevated ANP levels, indicating long-lasting damage to the body's homeostatic systems.