Articles tagged with Chemical Biology
Researchers have identified a novel mechanism of intercellular communication involving mRNA transfer between different types of stem cells. This phenomenon enables cell fate conversion and reverts human pluripotent stem cells to an earlier embryonic stage.
Mesoscale eddies play a vital role in nutrient transport and the carbon cycle, trapping water masses and migrating into the open ocean. The study reveals that these eddies transport up to 10,000 tonnes of labile organic carbon each year.
Researchers have made progress in understanding how Streptococcus pneumoniae constructs its capsule, a critical target for vaccine development. The study identified three categories of transporters that facilitate sugar building block transport, with relaxed specificity transporters posing potential risks to bacterial growth.
Scientists at UC Riverside discovered a way to exploit parasitic plant hormones to induce
Researchers have uncovered a key mechanism involving Intermolecular Coulombic Decay (ICD) in aqueous environments initiated by heavy-ion irradiation, providing insights into the effectiveness of such irradiation. This process significantly increases the biological effectiveness of heavy-ion therapy.
A research team at Tokyo University of Science has identified two new tetranins in spider mite saliva that reduce reproduction and increase defense responses in plants. The findings have potential for organic farming techniques and more resilient crops, contributing to sustainable agriculture and enhanced food safety.
Scientists developed a novel solvatochromic fluorescent dye that enables high-precision temperature measurements through changes in fluorescence properties. The researchers achieved exceptional sensitivity and resolution, ideal for bioimaging applications.
Developing heart cells use filopodia to probe and grab onto potential partners, seeking stability through energy equilibrium. The model predicts how cells match and rearrange, mirroring real embryo outcomes.
The latest release of Wiley's AntiBase Library adds 9,500 compounds, increasing the total number of compounds in the database to over 105,000. This expanded database provides a powerful screening tool for discovering novel compounds with antimicrobial, antitumor, or other desired effects.
The TTUHSC Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences hosted the 37th Student Research Week, showcasing student researchers' work and presentations from distinguished national speakers. The event featured an increase in abstract submissions and lightning talk sessions.
Researchers used X-ray light to analyze the structure of 2-thiouracil, a substance with medically relevant properties. The study found that UV radiation causes the molecule to bend, resulting in the protrusion of the sulfur atom and making it reactive.
Core-shell nanoparticles offer effective drug encapsulation, shielding from degradation, and controlled release. This innovation enables targeted drug delivery, improving treatment outcomes and reducing side effects. The versatility of these nanoparticles allows for tailored materials to suit different therapeutic needs.
A new University of Texas at Arlington study reveals high concentrations of microplastics in bird lungs, with average particles per species and gram of lung tissue measured. The study highlights the urgent need to address plastic pollution and its far-reaching impacts on ecosystem health and human health.
Researchers at POSTECH developed a super-photostable organic dye, PF555, to track proteins in cells over extended periods. This breakthrough enables observation of endocytosis and protein interactions, revealing EGFR's active navigation in its environment.
UTA's expansion of its undergraduate research program has enabled students to present their work at major symposiums, including the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics conference. The program has strengthened students' commitment to pursuing graduate studies in various fields.
The newly synthesized monolayer Ti3C2Tx transforms photocatalytic bioaerosol disinfection at the catalyst-cell interface. The material achieves a sterilization efficiency of 3.3 log in just 12.8 seconds, far exceeding traditional TiO2.
Lauren Albrecht, a UC Irvine assistant professor of pharmaceutical sciences, has been recognized as a 2025 Sloan Research Fellow for her groundbreaking work in cell and chemical biology. Her research on methylation in lysosomal proteolysis holds promise for new therapeutic strategies and implications in genetic heart disease.
Researchers at UNIGE have developed a system that uses light to activate targeted molecules, enabling spatial and temporal control over the activity of a molecule in a living organism. This technology has vast potential applications in both basic research and improving existing medical treatments, such as those for skin cancer.
Researchers discovered a novel mechanism of intercellular communication through mRNA transfer between stem cells, allowing for biologically significant effects such as cell fate conversion and pluripotent state maintenance.
A new study explores how chemical mixtures transform under shifting environmental conditions, shedding light on prebiotic processes that may have led to life. The research finds that environmental factors played a key role in shaping the molecular complexity needed for life to emerge.
Biomedical engineers at Duke University have developed a new technique that traps together cellular machinery to increase protein production rates. This approach uses synthetic disordered proteins to form compartments called biological condensates, which enhance the rate of protein production by bringing together biomolecular machinery...
A team from Tokyo University of Science developed a novel trivalent platform for triple click chemistry, allowing for the efficient synthesis of complex compounds. The approach utilizes simple initial materials and promotes sustainable pharmaceutical synthesis.
Researchers develop new method to study glycosylation in proteins, discovering that gut bacteria can alter molecular signatures in the brain. The study found over 150,000 glycosylated protein forms in brain tissue samples from mice.
Marshall University researcher Brandon Henderson has secured a $1.85 million NIH grant to study the impact of synthetic coolants in vaping products on nicotine addiction. The five-year research project will explore how synthetic coolants influence addiction-related behaviors, particularly among adolescents.
New study reveals quantum mechanical processes facilitate energy transfer and charge separation in photosynthetic organisms. This understanding can inform the design of artificial photosynthesis units for unprecedented solar energy efficiency.
Researchers at Queensland University of Technology have developed a novel biosensor that can selectively detect rare earth elements. The biosensor is based on molecular nanomachines engineered by the team, which produce easily detectable signals when binding to lanthanides.
A study on fruit fly larvae revealed the presence of neurons with mechanoreceptors in their peripheral taste organs, allowing them to sense food texture. This discovery sheds light on the complex process of tasting texture and highlights the importance of multisensory contributions in food perception.
Southwest Research Institute's Risk Evaluation & Medical Decision Efficacy (REMEDY) tool supports agile medical decisions on countermeasures for chemical and biological threats. The REMEDY mission risk evaluations quantify risks and benefits of medical countermeasures, enabling operational planners to make informed decisions.
A West Virginia University legal scholar argues that current laws favor biologic drugs with longer exclusivity periods, affecting their pricing. The scholar suggests reducing exclusivity for biologics to bring them in line with small-molecule drugs, which could lower drug costs.
Researchers will focus on novel non-plastic materials used for oyster reef restoration, evaluating their impact on surrounding marine habitats. The project aims to find solutions that bring the natural environment back after degradation from storms or human impact.
Researchers developed a 'volume dial' to amplify weak signals in the human body and environment. The system, called ROSALIND, can detect contaminants like E. coli and heavy metals at lower concentrations than previous models.
The study found that clouds contain significantly more arsenic on average than rainwater, and biological processes play a key role in the global distribution of arsenic. The researchers also detected various types of arsenic compounds in rainwater samples, including methylated forms formed by bacteria and plants.
Researchers propose using Exo-AUVs to detect life on Icy Worlds like Europa by identifying micro-zones with high biological potential. The strategy guides the Exo-AUV to collect diverse robust biosignatures and potentially detect extant life in various dimensions.
A new AI-driven approach identifies potentially harmful chemical substances in rivers by monitoring their effects on tiny water fleas, providing insights into complex mixtures and aquatic life. The study enables more comprehensive environmental monitoring and supports better-informed regulations for chemical discharge into waterways.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital have developed a novel solution to analyze the vast amounts of data generated by synthesizing large collections of new molecules. By using fragmentation patterns as universal barcodes, they can remove a key bottleneck in small molecule synthesis and screening.
Insilico Medicine has successfully integrated cutting-edge generative AI models into its platform, achieving significant increases in accuracy and speed. The company's AI-powered solutions have shown promising results in preclinical candidates and Phase II clinical trials.
A study by Chiba University researchers has identified 106 compounds in pregnant women's serum samples, including phthalates, nitrogenous compounds, and parabens, which may impact biological pathways. The study proposes a non-targeted approach for detecting foreign chemicals and evaluating their potential health effects.
Researchers developed a new tool called SigRM to analyze single-cell epitranscriptomics data, enabling the study of RNA modifications in individual cells. This can provide valuable insights into gene regulation and its impact on health and disease, particularly in complex conditions like cancer.
Insilico Medicine has developed an innovative platform using generative AI to discover novel molecules. The company has nominated over 20 preclinical candidates and received IND clearance for 10 molecules.
Rice scientists develop new nanomaterial that kills bacteria in biofluids under visible light, with minimal degradation and low lead leaching. The findings suggest potential applications in water treatment and therapeutics.
A new COF sensor can detect pH changes in plant xylem tissues, providing early warning of drought stress up to 48 hours before traditional methods. This technology enables timely detection and management of drought stress, optimizing crop production and yield.
Insilico Medicine has been selected by Fortune as one of the top AI innovators, leveraging its generative AI platform to develop novel drugs and treatments. The company's lead drug pipeline, ISM001-055, has shown promising results in Phase IIa trials, offering new hope for patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
A ground-breaking study found that war exposure causes adverse biological changes in children's DNA, leading to lifelong health impacts. The study discovered unique epigenetic responses to trauma, highlighting the need for further research into the long-term effects of war on children's development.
Researchers at Institute of Science Tokyo develop an innovative strategy to produce β- and γ-naphthocyclinones, challenging compounds that have potential for medical and biological applications. They successfully synthesize the molecules using a retrosynthetic analysis approach, achieving yields of over 70%.
Irene Coin's lab has developed a comprehensive overview of genetic code expansion technology and its application in membrane proteins. The technology allows for the modification of proteins directly in living cells, enabling the production of novel protein therapeutics and a deeper understanding of natural proteins.
Researchers found that plants have multiple enzymes for adding methyl groups to DNA, allowing them to override genetic instructions. The study reveals the evolutionary history of these enzymes and their unique structures, providing insights into plant resilience to environmental changes.
Researchers developed a method to visualize AMPA receptors using PET scans, revealing differences in density and distribution between healthy subjects and those with psychiatric disorders. This discovery may lead to new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for conditions like schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and autism spectrum disorder.
A study of human skeletal remains from the Tudor warship Mary Rose reveals that handedness may influence clavicle bone chemistry as people age. The analysis found increased mineral content and decreased protein content in right clavicles compared to left, suggesting repeated stress on the right side during activities like sailing.
The new approach utilizes epigenetic principles to encode digital information onto existing DNA strands, significantly increasing storage capacity and reducing costs. The technique enables the storage of vast amounts of data in a minuscule space for long durations, offering a major shift from conventional storage technologies.
Researchers found that incineration of household waste containing fluoropolymers at temperatures typical for municipal waste incineration resulted in nearly complete mineralization, with over 99.99% reduction rate. This finding suggests that standard combustion conditions are sufficient to remove fluoropolymers from the environment.
Researchers at Nagoya University have identified a chemical compound that regulates stomatal density in plants, reducing water loss through transpiration. The compound, Stomidazolone, inhibits stomatal development without affecting plant growth, offering a promising solution for drought-prone environments.
Researchers demonstrate the first cross-chiral exponential amplification of an RNA enzyme, potentially leading to the development of cross-chiral therapeutics and biotechnologies. The discovery suggests that a bioengineer can create a new form of biochemical evolution by using both left- and right-handed molecules.
The international project will analyze temperature-sensitive proteins in animals adapted to different thermal environments to understand how they perceive temperature changes. The study aims to uncover the molecular mechanisms underlying cold perception in animals, enabling them to initiate physiological responses crucial for survival.
Researchers found that the presence of a fungus increases the pH of the soil, promoting growth of beneficial bacteria. This interaction could lead to sustainable agricultural practices by harnessing microbial interactions to combat plant diseases.
UCF researchers have developed a unique 'barcode' technique to quickly identify chiral molecules based on their infrared fingerprints. This technology has the potential to speed up pharmaceutical and medical advancements by identifying enantiomers, which can have different effects in the body or chemical reactions.
A team of scientists, led by Anne Bang, is working to establish clearer connections between genes and their effects on brain function and mental health. They will use high-throughput screening technology to study over 100 genes in brain cells.
A new process developed by Lehigh University researchers uses evaporative ion exchange (EIX) to concentrate hypersaline brine at room temperature, avoiding scaling and fouling. The process has shown promising results in concentrating salts from hypersaline water, with the potential for widespread use.
The study reveals the genes that enable plants to make DMSP, allowing them to thrive in salty and drought conditions. This breakthrough could improve agricultural productivity in nitrogen-poor soils, making crops more sustainable in the face of global climate change.
Recent research highlights microwave-induced synthesis as a transformative potential in drug discovery and development. This efficient technique enables rapid preparation of diverse N-heterocycles, including biologically active molecules such as pyrimidines, thiazoles, and quinolines.
Researchers at Institute of Science Tokyo create terpene-based chiral capsules that facilitate the easy preparation of well-defined host–guest composites with tunable chiroptical properties. The resulting composites can be used in water without organic solvents, paving the way for advances in cutting-edge optical technologies.