Articles tagged with X Ray Radiation
A novel nano-CT imaging technique enables researchers to visualize the nano-structure of bone samples with high precision. This allows for better understanding of structural changes related to osteoporosis and development of new therapeutic approaches.
The article discusses a new approach to breast cancer detection using microwave tomography, which is cheaper and less invasive than traditional X-ray mammography. The method uses mathematical models to reconstruct images of the breast based on electrical conductivity properties.
New intense sources of radiation at national facilities are allowing geochemists to gather images and data on minerals in one second, revolutionizing the field. The enhanced power of x-rays and pulsed neutrons enable researchers to detect, characterize and understand mineral components and contaminants.
A study published by the American College of Radiology suggests that standard X-rays are less effective than CT scans in detecting pelvic fractures. The research found that 48% of pelvic injuries were missed using standard X-rays alone, and that CT scans provide more complete evaluation of suspected pelvic injuries.
A new CT technique eliminates the need for X-rays in trauma patients with possible spinal fractures, lowering cost and radiation exposure. The study found that 19% of patients with reformatted CT data also had unnecessary X-rays, resulting in a significant additional radiation dose and cost.
Researchers have developed a system that uses real-time X-ray images to visualize tumors and minimize radiation damage to surrounding tissues. The tool allows for precise targeting of radiotherapy, increasing the dose of radiation administered to lung and liver cancers.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab's ALS beamline 9.0.1 developed a method to image whole yeast cells with soft X-rays, achieving a resolution of 11-13 nanometers. This breakthrough enables the possibility of full 3D tomography of whole cells at equivalent resolution.
A Mayo Clinic study identifies clinical traits that predict higher radiation doses in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) therapy, with men receiving higher doses due to body size and disease complexity. The study aims to reduce radiation risks and improve PCI safety and quality.
A new study published in Radiology shows that an imaging exam using the latest generation of CT technology exposes patients to up to 91% less radiation than standard helical CT scanning. The new volume scanner can image the entire heart in one piece, eliminating artifacts and reducing radiation exposure.
Researchers at Northwestern University discovered that X-rays can drive the formation of a new type of crystal, featuring charged cylindrical filaments. The crystals exhibit striking features, including long-range ordering and high water content, offering new insights into crystallization processes.
A study published in the American Journal of Roentgenology found that a simple educational intervention and routing patients to V/Q scanning or CTPA based on chest X-ray results significantly reduced CT scan usage and radiation exposure. The medical center saw a 20% reduction in radiation dose from 8.0 mSv to 6.4 mSv.
Studies quantify radiation doses and cancer risks from CT scans, revealing wide variations in doses and estimated lifetime cancer risks. The studies estimate that tens of thousands of future cancer cases may be related to CT scans performed annually.
A large proportion of patients undergoing abdominal/pelvic CT scans receive unindicated and unnecessary additional image acquisition, leading to excess radiation exposure. The mean excess radiation dose per patient from unnecessary scans was found to be 11.3 millisieverts.
A new celestial map, ICRF2, provides precise location of the Earth's orientation for GPS navigation. The map uses observations of approximately 3,000 quasars and a network of radio telescopes to achieve high accuracy, with uncertainties as small as 40 microarcseconds.
Research presented at the ASTRO Annual Meeting has shown that short-term hormone therapy added to radiation increases survival for medium-risk prostate cancer patients, while a shorter radiation course is effective in reducing recurrence rates. Additionally, proton therapy reduces recurrences and is well-tolerated in prostate cancer pa...
Clemson University researchers are developing mathematical models to improve resolution in Diffuse Optical Tomography (DOT) for detecting smaller breast cancers. The method uses infrared and visible light to create high-resolution images without radiation, eliminating false positives and negatives.
Astronomers observe a high-energy apparition, known as an X-ray ghost, lingering around a supermassive black hole in the Chandra Deep Field-North. The source, HDF 130, is 10 billion light years away and existed 3 billion years after the Big Bang.
A study by American College of Radiology found that educating physicians about ventilation-perfusion (VQ) scanning reduced patient radiation exposure from 11.5 mSv in 2006 to 8.9 mSv in 2007. VQ scanning is now preferred for patients with normal chest x-rays suspected of having pulmonary embolism.
An international team of astrophysicists used simultaneous observations from optical, X-ray, and gamma-ray telescopes to uncover complex changes in PKS 2155-304's radiation. The findings challenge current theories on how radiation is generated in blazars.
A study found that imaging exams on pregnant women have more than doubled, with CT scans increasing by 25.3% annually due to growing radiation exposure concerns. The researchers evaluated 5,270 examinations and estimated fetal radiation exposure, highlighting the need for alternative imaging tests like MRI and ultrasound.
A new study found that cardiac computed tomography (CT) angiography scans may expose patients to high doses of radiation. The study suggests that using available strategies to reduce radiation dose can substantially decrease patient exposure, and that educating physicians and technicians on these methods is essential
A new technique has successfully revealed a hidden portrait of a woman behind Vincent van Gogh's 'Patch of Grass'. The method, using synchrotron radiation induced X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, allowed researchers to reconstruct the concealed painting in unparalleled detail.
Researchers used the Advanced Light Source to study graphene's properties and found that electrons strongly interact with each other. The discovery sheds light on graphene's potential applications in electronic devices.
Researchers have engineered a frequency-agile metamaterial that can be tuned over a range of frequencies in the terahertz gap, opening it up to various applications. The team's innovative composite uses semiconducting materials to achieve 20% tuning of terahertz resonance across different frequencies.
A new cardiac CT technique, prospective gated 64-channel cardiac CT, has been shown to significantly reduce patient exposure to radiation. Compared to the standard retrospective ECG gating technique, this method produces high-quality images with a 76% lower radiation dose.
Researchers developed a novel method to produce dark-field x-ray images using nanostructured gratings, enabling diagnosis of osteoporosis, breast cancer, and Alzheimer's disease. This technology can be adapted to existing medical equipment, improving image clarity and sensitivity.
The study found a 121% increase in imaging exams performed on pregnant women between 1997 and 2006, with the greatest increases seen in CT exams. The researchers estimated that pregnant women are exposed to low but potentially harmful levels of radiation during these exams.
A study found that patients base their treatment choice on cultural and personal prejudices, with false beliefs about radiation's impact being a major concern. Patients were also anxious about the terminology used in radiation therapy, evoking feelings more related to war than a cure.
A radiation-armed robot, CyberKnife with Synchrony system, effectively treats lung tumors within a short treatment period of 1-3 sessions. This technology delivers intense focused x-ray beams, causing tumors to absorb more radiation than conventional radiotherapy, leading to rapid tumor destruction.
Researchers have found that the most energetic radiation from a quasar's jet comes from extremely energetic particles, not as previously thought. The particles are accelerated locally and produce their emission through synchrotron radiation.
A new CT technique has reduced radiation exposure to abdominal CT scans in children by an average of 60%, while maintaining acceptable image quality. The study found that modulating the tube current based on body symmetry resulted in a significant dose reduction, with overall reductions ranging from 14% to 82%.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine successfully used a 3D map of the heart to perform cardiac ablation, eliminating the need for radiation exposure and improving patient safety. The technique used sensor-guided catheter and electro-anatomic mapping to precisely target diseased heart tissue.
The study found that using a 180-degree X-ray tube position, minimum current, and 80 kVp settings can significantly reduce radiation exposure in CT scans. This approach allows the table to absorb low-energy X-rays, minimizing breast exposure without compromising image quality.
The sensor uses ambient radiation to detect objects based on how brightly they reflect natural radiation. Once developed, it could be used for luggage scanning and aircraft runway detection during bad weather.
A team of astrophysicists discovered X-ray oscillations in a neutron star that provide critical information about its internal structure. The oscillations, generated by massive quakes, contain frequency vibrations that can help scientists understand the nature of neutron stars.
Researchers found that low-dose MDCT can provide similar diagnostic image quality to standard-dose CT scans while reducing radiation doses by up to 10 times. The study suggests low-dose MDCT is a better option for evaluating sinus disease in children due to its improved accuracy and reduced need for sedation.
Researchers found that using a gonad capsule during MDCT scans significantly reduced the radiation dose to the testicles. The study revealed a 87% decrease in radiation exposure when using the gonad capsule compared to those who did not use it.
Researchers developed a real-time patient dose-tracking system to prevent radiation-induced skin injuries. The system tracks radiation exposure on the skin, providing physicians with real-time visual feedback to adjust and minimize the risk of burns.
A study of 273 family physicians and obstetricians found that many doctors overestimated the risk of major fetal malformations from X-rays and CT scans. Most diagnostic imaging exams result in less than 50 mGy of radiation exposure to the fetus, dispelling a misconception that can lead to unnecessary anxiety and terminations.
Research found that women who received dental x-rays during pregnancy had a higher risk of having low birth weight infants, especially term low birth weight (TLBW) infants. The study suggested that eliminating all dental radiography during pregnancy could reduce the prevalence of TLBW infants by up to five percent.
A UK study estimates that diagnostic X-rays contribute to around 700 cancer cases annually in the UK, with similar but higher risks observed in other developed countries. The researchers emphasize the importance of avoiding unnecessary X-ray procedures and weighing benefits against risks for patients.
A team of researchers from the University of Michigan has created an ultrafast X-ray switch, enabling them to study the movement of constituent atoms and obtain information about molecular dynamics. The technology could be used to probe complex systems like proteins and study shock waves in materials.
Researchers have developed a new radiation therapy technique that shows significant improvement over traditional methods in treating brain tumors in infants. The treatment uses high-intensity synchrotron sources to confine x-rays to extremely narrow slices, resulting in reduced damage to surrounding tissue.
A new study by Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center reveals that some children receive five times more radiation than necessary during CT scans. Researchers found that adjusting technical factors like tube current and pitch can significantly reduce exposure without sacrificing image quality.
Fluoroscopy-guided intervention procedures can cause tissue damage due to continuous x-ray exposure. Guidelines aim to prevent this by modifying equipment and educating practitioners on efficient use.
Researchers detect first P Cygni profile in X-rays, revealing a 4.5-million-mile-per-hour wind from a compact pair of stars. The discovery provides new insights into stellar winds and their role in astrophysics.
Intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) enables physicians to deliver targeted radiation doses to tumors, improving treatment outcomes for various cancers. By using advanced imaging techniques and computer algorithms, IMRT minimizes damage to surrounding healthy tissues.
Scientists have developed a new way to detect and quantify various types of radiation damage to DNA, including clusters of oxidized bases and abasic sites. The test could help assess radiation risks for astronauts, improve cancer therapy, and distinguish between normal living and low-level radiation-induced damage.
Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine found that most household members were exposed to significantly less radiation than the government allows. The study's findings suggest that outpatient care for thyroid cancer patients is safe and poses minimal risk to those around them.
A new study has found a significant link between radiation exposure and an increased risk of multiple myeloma among nuclear workers, with older workers facing the highest risks. Workers exposed to ionizing radiation had a 3.5-fold higher mortality rate compared to those with lower exposures.
A new study has found that beta radiation treatment can prevent repeat blockages in heart vessels following angioplasty. The treatment was tested on patients who underwent balloon angioplasty for coronary artery disease and showed a significant reduction in recurrent blockage rates.
Researchers have observed an 'earthquake' in a slow-spinning, highly magnetic collapsed star, confirming it as a neutron star. The finding supports the magnetar hypothesis and provides strong evidence for the existence of these rare objects.
Researchers visualize radiation-induced breakage of specific chemical bonds in protein, revealing a highly specific phenomenon. The findings have direct implications for improving data collection using X-ray crystallography and developing pharmacological means to protect against radiation damage.
The Comprehensive Cancer Center at Cedars-Sinai has begun treating patients with a next-generation radiation therapy system that allows physicians to deliver precise, three-dimensional radiation treatments. This technology enables the delivery of full doses of radiation to tumors while protecting surrounding normal tissues.
Scientists discuss ways to use lightweight materials like hydrogen, boron, and lithium for radiation shielding. Researchers also explore using composites and polyamide binders for efficient protection against space radiation.
A new device has been developed to protect patients from radiation exposure during CT scans, with significant reductions in breast and thyroid radiation exposure reported. The reusable protective garment is expected to cost less than $30, making it a potential game-changer for individuals at risk of increased lifetime breast cancer risk.