Research on the US population and its health. Covers cancer-trial sponsorship, myopia control, statistical literacy, and substance-use trends.
The Utah Cancer Registry will continue to collect high-quality data on cancer patients in Utah for the next 10 years. The funding will support research aimed at preventing cancer and prolonging lives of those diagnosed with the disease.
A new approach to genetic analysis identifies novel associations between genetic variants and ecological zones, replicating previously known associations with environmental variables. This study paves the way for further investigation into environmental factors and genomics, aiming to address unequal representation in clinical genomics.
Scientists are working on technologies to collect water from the air, which could help alleviate global water shortages. Researchers have developed various approaches, including fog-harvesting systems and liquid desiccants, that can reduce costs and scale up production.
The study found that Andean populations adapted to agriculture and high-altitude environments differently from other global populations. They experienced significant population reduction after European contact, while also showing selection for immune-related genes.
A new study finds that US tornado frequency has increased in the Midwest and Southeast over the past four decades, closing the gap with traditional Tornado Alley. The trend is significant for understanding future tornado exposure and damage.
Research from mainland China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan reveals a significant preference for cesarean delivery among women, with rates exceeding 30% in these regions. The primary reasons cited are the fear of pain during labor, antagonistic relationships with healthcare providers, and concerns over deteriorating quality of care during birth.
A study found that Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery patients experience higher peak alcohol concentrations and slower alcohol elimination compared to pre-surgery. This suggests a steady increase in alcohol consumption among post-surgery patients, highlighting the need for improved screening tools.
Facial scans aim to identify Phelan-McDermid syndrome in children by analyzing characteristic flattening and brow shape. This could enable quicker diagnoses and better treatment options for affected families.
A study found that non-VA healthcare providers are uncertain about how to care for veterans due to limited knowledge of resources and coordination problems. Despite the need to identify health conditions related to military service, many providers fail to ask about veteran status.
A study found that a gene variant commonly associated with Type 2 diabetes may also increase the risk of being lean, contradicting common assumptions about obesity and diabetes. Researchers analyzed data from over 9,000 Hispanic Latinos and used complex modeling to estimate the odds of developing Type 2 diabetes across time.
A new study by Drexel University researchers found that Medicaid expansion reduced uninsurance rates for noncitizens from 70% in 2010 to 54% in 2015. However, disparities persisted between noncitizens and native citizens, with growth in the disparity observed between states that expanded and those that did not.
A study by Yale physicians found that minority residents experience daily bias and microaggressions, as well as being asked to serve as 'ambassadors' for diversity. The researchers emphasize the need for proactive efforts to promote diversity and inclusion in residency programs.
A new study models the impact of PCBs on killer whale populations, finding that high concentrations in key regions could lead to collapse within a century. The model simulates accumulation and transfer of the chemical to offspring, tying population size and sustainability to proximity to PCB production.
A UC Riverside-led study will focus on alcohol use disorders in Pacific Islander young adults, exploring factors that contribute to misuse and developing culturally tailored prevention strategies. The research hopes to gain a deeper understanding of the issue and inform effective interventions.
A new study published in JAMA Network Open found that perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are associated with increases in weight, but exercise and diet may reduce the obesogenic effects of these environmental contaminants. Lifestyle changes can fight the obesogenic action of PFAS.
Research analyzed data from 500,000 observations at 5,000 sites in North America to find the main cause of amphibian decline. The study found that 3.4% of species are disappearing annually, with declines occurring since the 19th century.
A new study has revealed a significant rapid increase in growth across populations in Thailand, China and Vietnam 4,000 years ago. The researchers used human skeletal remains to measure prehistoric population growth and found a second subsequent rise in the Iron Age.
A study on inequalities and health among foreign-born Latinos in rural borderland communities found that population is vulnerable to high stress negatively impacting mental and physical health. Historical factors such as oppression of farm labor and current practices like racial profiling contribute to low social status, employment ins...
A new study published in Preventive Medicine found that annual wellness visits significantly increase the delivery of preventive services among the elderly population. The research revealed that participants with an AWV were more likely to undergo screenings for prostate cancer, influenza vaccine, and other recommended services.
Researchers found that counties with higher Hispanic populations faced more economic disadvantages, lack of access to quality health care, and language barriers. This led to higher mortality rates from cardiovascular disease among both Hispanics and non-Hispanic whites.
Scientists at UMass Amherst have published the first-ever whole genome of the Canada lynx, a key conservation tool for studying evolution, disease, genetics and habitat connectivity. The release provides critical information on genetic health, demographic history and adaptive variation to inform wildlife management and policy decisions.
Transradial access has emerged as a preferred option for patients presenting with acute coronary syndromes, offering lower vascular and bleeding complications and reduced mortality rates. The study reviews the current evidence supporting transradial access across various patient populations.
A study by UCLA researchers found that California's minority population contributes to the state's relatively low death rate, despite high poverty and lack of insurance rates. The state's death rate from all causes was 619.1 per 100,000 population in 2016, lower than the national average.
A new smartphone-based research platform has been developed to recruit a large and diverse population of pregnant women for a study. The platform, built using Apple's ResearchKit technology, was embedded into the popular WebMD Pregnancy app and connected researchers with over 1.6 million potential participants.
A recent study found that rates of viral suppression among HIV-infected adults improved from 32% in 1997 to 86% in 2015, but disparities persist across demographic groups. Closing treatment gaps and addressing social and economic barriers to care will be essential to ending the US HIV epidemic.
A new study analyzes fatalities among people with dementia in long-term care homes, revealing that nearly half of deaths were caused by physical contact. The study also found that evenings and weekends are the most vulnerable times for incidents to occur, emphasizing the need for proactive measures to prevent these events.
Indigenous Latino immigrants are learning Spanish to aid integration and gain access to social services and job opportunities. In contrast, non-indigenous Latinos tend to learn English after arrival in the US.
A new study by University of Guelph researchers found that global adherence to USDA guidelines would require one giga-hectare of additional land, roughly the size of Canada. The study highlights the need for international coordination of national dietary guidelines due to limited global lands.
Dual-eligible beneficiaries experience high rates of chronic illness and have lower average annual spending growth compared to other Medicare beneficiaries, especially in younger age groups.
A Rutgers-Newark study finds that African Americans are killed by police more than twice as often as the general population, but white officers kill minority suspects at lower rates. The researchers argue that institutional racism in police departments targets minority communities with policies like stop and frisk.
A new study by Harvard Medical School and Tufts University finds that immigrants use significantly less health care than US-born individuals, with lower rates of utilization and expenditures. Immigrants also pay more out-of-pocket health care payments, effectively subsidizing private insurance and some public programs like Medicare.
A large study found that delaying hip fracture surgery beyond two days increases postoperative mortality. The researchers suggest adopting a 'don't let the sun set twice' policy for timely access to the operating room, which could avoid up to 16.5% of in-hospital deaths.
A Rutgers study explores the wellbeing of aging Asian-Americans, finding that social activity, family connections, and cultural values are essential to improving health and lowering depression. The research challenges the 'model minority myth' and highlights the need for culturally sensitive healthcare approaches.
Researchers at EPFL designed a new method of drone piloting using only torso movements, which was found to be more immersive and effective than traditional joystick control. The study, published in PNAS, reveals that only four markers on the torso are needed to pilot drones through obstacles effectively.
A recent study sequenced the genome of a Pacific tidepool crustacean and found that mitochondrial genes differ widely between populations. Hybrid offspring suffer from lowered fitness due to incompatibility. The research suggests that rapid mitochondrial evolution may be an early stage of one species becoming multiple species.
People with opioid use report higher rates of physical and mental health conditions, as well as other substance use. Opioid intensity is also associated with increased involvement in the criminal justice system.
Researchers found a cancerous tumor that has been present in modern American dogs for thousands of years, tracing it back to ancient dog populations that arrived with early humans. The study suggests catastrophic events may have led to the sudden disappearance of these early canines.
Research predicts a disease burden of 125.8 million DALYs globally due to climate change-induced crop nutrient deficiencies, primarily affecting South-East Asian and sub-Saharan African countries.
A study found that educational interventions significantly increased sunscreen use and decreased reported sunburns among operating engineers. The interventions resulted in a 38% decrease in never wearing sunscreen and an 18.6-5.8% reduction in reported sunburns.
The OU research team developed high-resolution markers to differentiate between individual birds breeding in different Oklahoma populations and across the United States. This genetic analysis can help conservation efforts by identifying declining Painted Bunting populations and informing management strategies for the species.
A new study reveals that police killings of unarmed black Americans have a significant impact on the mental health of black American adults in the general population. The quasi-experimental study found an estimated 55 million excess poor mental health days per year among black American adults due to police killings.
A new study found that 24 countries, including the USA and India, experienced a decline in democratic qualities between 2017 and 2023. Non-electoral aspects of democracy, such as media freedom and freedom of expression, are under increasing threat.
Maureen Dubreuil, a BU researcher, has been recognized for her outstanding contributions to the field of spondyloarthritis. Her work focuses on comorbidities and pharmacoepidemiology of spondyloarthritis, with a particular emphasis on heart disease and patient preferences for treatments.
Florida Atlantic University has received a $2.8 million grant from HRSA to recruit and prepare nursing students and registered nurses to provide full-scope primary care services in community-based settings. The project aims to address health disparities and promote health equity in rural and underserved populations.
Researchers have found that demographics and Latino populations shifting in southwest Kansas are leading to linguistic changes in English. Young people, even those who don't speak Spanish, are adopting staccato syllables and vowel pronunciations characteristic of Spanish-speaking communities.
A new study categorizes GI bleeding outcomes by cause, revealing high readmission rates and significant differences in length of stay and mortality. The findings suggest grouping patients by type of MS-DRG and clinical conditions could provide a more accurate assessment of quality metrics.
A recent study found that immigrants in Switzerland are more likely to experience sleep disorders due to high levels of emotional distress. The study analyzed data from 17,968 participants and found that immigrants reported higher levels of trouble falling asleep, disrupted sleep, and early morning awakenings.
Despite recent drops in HIV diagnoses across all US populations, African-Americans continue to be overrepresented among those diagnosed with HIV. The disparity has worsened, with Black males being 8.4 times more likely to be diagnosed than whites.
Ancient DNA analysis of Icelandic populations reveals a strong connection to Scandinavian and British-Irish Isles, whereas modern Icelanders show less similarity. A second study explores the genetics of first Americans, suggesting a deep split in North and South American populations occurred south of the Laurentide ice sheet.
A San Francisco State University study reveals that many ethnic minorities are not utilizing US national forests and grasslands, despite living nearby. The research highlights the need for improved outreach and understanding of minority groups' needs to promote sustainable use of these public lands.
Two ancient populations that diverged later 'reconverged' in the Americas, according to a new genetic study. The study challenges previous research suggesting a single ancestral branch for Native Americans.
Research suggests that Indigenous peoples in Central and South America retain DNA from the northern branch, which originated from eastern Canada. The study reveals a 'reconvergence' of two ancestral branches around 13,000 years ago.
Researchers propose strategies to discuss racial disparities, including providing context and emphasizing policies in shaping inequalities. Studies show that simply presenting numbers can cause people to support punitive policies, while offering context and information on history and policy change can reduce disparities.
A new genome study reveals that effective population sizes dropped substantially after European and African immigration, but rebounded later, with the smallest bottleneck occurring in Puerto Rico. The study's findings can help understand health risks and select populations for disease studies.
A Brazilian study suggests that austerity measures have led to an increase in childhood mortality rates, with the potential to reduce this trend by maintaining social protection programs. The research found that the maintenance of Bolsa Familia and Estrategia Saude da Familia could lead to a reduction in child mortality by 8.6% in 2030.
A study found that adhering to a Mediterranean diet can blunt the association between long-term exposure to air pollution and increased risk of deaths from all causes, cardiovascular disease, heart attacks, and other cardiovascular diseases. However, adherence did not protect against ozone's harmful effects on cardiac health.
The study found that the Tsimshian population's genetic diversity recovered after a collapse, with intermarriage increasing genetic diversity in some individuals. This contradicts previous notions of Native American populations expanding until European colonization.
A new study presents the world's first series of robot-assisted tracheobronchoplasty, a minimally invasive procedure that expands treatment options for patients with tracheobronchomalacia. The results show significant improvement in pulmonary function tests and patient satisfaction, with low morbidity and mortality rates.
A recent study found that obesity contributes to poorer outcomes in non-white patients who have hemorrhagic strokes, with African-Americans being particularly vulnerable. The research highlights the need for targeted interventions to address nutritional needs and reduce the burden of obesity on recovery following stroke.
A new study from an international team of researchers found that an imbalance of the sexes leads to single parenting in birds. The researchers discovered that when there are more males than females or vice versa, the parenting roles shift, leaving the males to care for the chicks.