Articles tagged with Conflicts Of Interest
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
The study examined nursing homes with reported COVID-19 cases in the US, highlighting key characteristics and risk factors. The analysis provides insights into infection control measures and strategies to mitigate outbreaks.
Researchers at the University of Texas at Austin found that articles published in journals accepting reprint fees are nearly three times more likely to be written by authors receiving industry payments. Journals with higher commercial practices have more author conflicts, suggesting a need for stricter open access publishing.
The observational study evaluates COVID-19 studies registered on ClinicalTrials.gov, assessing their characteristics and expected evidence strength. The study highlights the importance of considering study design, sample size, and outcome measures when evaluating the quality of COVID-19 research.
This observational study evaluates myocardial injury in COVID-19 recovered patients using cardiovascular MRI, revealing key findings on cardiac complications. The study aims to improve understanding of long-term cardiovascular effects in survivors of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection.
Researchers evaluated SARS-CoV-2 presence in myocardial tissue from COVID-19 autopsy cases, finding a significant association between the two conditions. The study suggests that COVID-19 may be linked to an increased risk of cardiac complications.
A recent study by the FDNY World Trade Center Health Program found that emergency medical service responders and firefighters in New York experienced a significant increase in medical leave during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study compared this period to earlier times, highlighting the impact of the pandemic on these workers' health.
A survey study in Italy explored individuals' knowledge, concerns, and behaviors regarding COVID-19. Key findings revealed significant variations in awareness, risk perception, and adherence to protective measures across different exposure zones.
Researchers analyzed county-level factors to understand SARS-CoV-2 reproduction numbers in the US. The study found that social distancing measures, population density, temperature, and other factors contributed to variations in reproduction numbers.
Cardiac patients facing COVID-19-related anxiety are less likely to receive necessary medical attention, according to a new study. The research highlights the urgent need for accessible and empathetic care during the pandemic.
A case series examines the association of interleukin 7 (IL-7) immunotherapy with restored host protective immunity in patients with severe COVID-19 and immunosuppression. The study found that IL-7 treatment led to increased lymphocyte counts, suggesting a potential therapeutic benefit.
A diagnostic study compared the effectiveness of self-collected midnasal swabs and clinician-collected nasopharyngeal swabs in detecting SARS-CoV-2. The results showed that unsupervised midnasal swabs were comparable to clinician-collected nasopharyngeal swabs.
Researchers studied convenience samples from 10 US geographic sites to estimate SARS-CoV-2 antibody prevalence. The study found varying levels of antibodies across different regions.
This observational study found significant differences in health outcomes between high- and low-income middle-aged adults in the US and England. The results highlight persistent socioeconomic disparities in health, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions to address these gaps.
A study of over 400,000 US adults found that higher long-term consumption of both plant and animal proteins was associated with increased risk of death. The researchers discovered a non-linear relationship between protein intake and mortality risk, suggesting that moderate levels of protein may be protective against mortality.
A combined analysis of 23 studies found that episodes of delirium are a risk factor for long-term cognitive decline. The research suggests that individuals who experience delirium may be more likely to develop dementia and other cognitive impairments over time.
Researchers at the Monell Chemical Senses Center found that genetic traits shape an individual's preference for fatty foods. The study used identical and fraternal twins to test the relationship between fat content and flavor perception.
A combined study of 13 research studies with nearly 50,000 participants found a significant association between major food sources of fructose-containing sugars and the risk of metabolic syndrome. The study suggests that limiting consumption of sucrose and high-fructose corn syrup may help prevent or manage metabolic syndrome.
A study in Seattle reveals COVID-19 patients requiring emergency medical services exhibit distinct clinical characteristics and symptoms. The research highlights the need for accurate diagnosis and treatment to improve patient outcomes.
The article details a New York hospital's restructuring of general surgery resident teams and educational infrastructure during the COVID-19 pandemic. The new structure prioritizes team safety and enhances educational experiences for residents.
A study by CDC found that US outpatient prescriptions for hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine increased significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic from October 2019 to March 2020. The authors suggest this may be related to misinformation and false claims about these medications as COVID-19 treatments.
Between 2007 and 2016, approximately 40% of U.S. adults screened positive for depression and received treatment, representing an increase from around 32% in the early 2000s. This trend is likely due to increased awareness and reduced stigma surrounding mental health issues.
A case series reports neurological symptoms and radiographic findings associated with COVID-19 infection in children. The study presents clinical findings from four children who experienced neurological symptoms, highlighting the potential impact of COVID-19 on pediatric neurology.
A recent study found that 15.8% of spinal surgery authors had payments reported, but only 78% were accurately disclosed. The study suggests standardizing COI reporting and actively querying public databases to improve transparency.
Experts discuss the need and implementation of telemedicine for patients with substance use disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study highlights the benefits and challenges of using telehealth to address this critical health issue.
A recent editorial explores the connection between COVID-19 and a cytokine storm, which is an overactive immune response. The study suggests that this phenomenon may play a significant role in the severity of COVID-19 cases.
A study analyzing CDC data from 2008 to 2017 found racial disparities in US autopsy rates. Autopsy rates were lower for Hispanic and black patients compared to white patients, highlighting the need for increased awareness and addressing these disparities.
This observational study investigates COVID-19 outcomes in patients with multiple sclerosis, identifying factors associated with disease severity. The research highlights the importance of understanding the intersection of these two conditions to develop effective treatment strategies.
An observational study found that older adults (age 75 and older) are at a higher risk of complications after an outpatient colonoscopy compared to younger patients. The study aimed to investigate this association and provide insights into the risks and management strategies for older adults undergoing colonoscopy.
Researchers investigated possible association between COVID-19 and chilblains, a dermatological condition characterized by painful inflammation of fingers and toes. The case series included 31 patients, providing valuable insights into this indirect consequence of the pandemic.
A recent study by researchers at the University of Vermont College of Medicine found a significant association between despair and suicidal thoughts in young adults. The study also discovered a strong correlation between despair and substance misuse, highlighting the importance of addressing mental health concerns in this demographic.
A decision analytical model study examined the feasibility of pool testing to identify COVID-19 patients in settings with limited testing availability. The study found that this approach could be effective in identifying patients with COVID-19, even in resource-constrained environments.
A case series examines community containment measures in China to restrict COVID-19 spread, highlighting mixed results with some areas achieving success while others struggled. The study reveals the importance of coordinated public health efforts and rapid response times in controlling outbreaks.
State guidelines for ventilator allocation decision-making during the COVID-19 pandemic varied significantly across states. The review examined these differences and their implications for patient care.
A recent study examines COVID-19 reported incidence, knowledge, and behavior among US adults, revealing significant disparities linked to sociodemographic factors. The findings suggest that certain groups face unique challenges in accessing healthcare and adopting preventive measures.
An observational study found a significant association between common antibiotic use and an increased risk of cardiovascular death. The study compared azithromycin with amoxicillin and found that long-term use of azithromycin was associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular death.
A survey study in England found that e-cigarettes are perceived as at least as harmful to health as regular cigarettes, potentially deterring smokers from switching. The study aimed to address the growing concern of misperceptions about e-cigarette safety.
A survey study found that US adults aged 18-44 experienced a decline in the frequency of sexual activity and an increase in the number of sexual partners. The study suggests factors associated with these changes include demographic characteristics, relationship status, and socio-economic status.
A study combining 15 observational studies with 9,500 patients compared the risk of cancer recurrence and death associated with minimally invasive versus open radical hysterectomy for early-stage cervical cancer. The results showed no significant difference in overall survival between the two groups.
A systematic review and meta-analysis found that COVID-19 patients commonly report gastrointestinal symptoms, with high rates of fecal viral shedding detected in stool samples. The study provides insight into the prevalence of these symptoms in COVID-19 patients.
A new study reveals widespread failure to disclose organizational financial conflicts of interest by producers of Canadian clinical practice guidelines on medications. Most guideline producers receive industry funding from drug companies, but none disclose this funding in their guidelines.
A survey study found that starting flavored e-cigarettes may lead to a higher risk of starting smoking, while quitting unflavored e-cigarettes was associated with a lower risk of relapse. The study suggests flavored e-cigarette use can be a gateway to nicotine addiction.
Researchers examined electronic cigarette use among former smokers and found an association with increased risk of smoking relapse. The study analyzed nationally representative survey data, revealing a potential connection between e-cigarette use and relapse in former smokers.
A case series examines COVID-19's epidemiology, clinical and laboratory features in hospitalized pediatric patients. Key findings include the impact of age, comorbidities, and disease severity on patient outcomes.
From 2008-2018, diversity among U.S. surgical residency and fellowship applicants by sex and race/ethnicity has shown a significant increase, according to the JAMA Network study. The research indicates that improvements in access and representation in these programs have contributed to this trend.
A case series examines COVID-19 symptoms among residents and staff in an independent/assisted living community, emphasizing the need for SARS-CoV-2 surveillance. The study highlights the risk of outbreaks in these settings and underscores the importance of implementing effective infection control measures.
Women awaiting liver transplants face higher mortality rates than men due to various factors, including geographic location and medical urgency. Liver size also plays a role in these disparities, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to address sex-based inequalities.
Researchers analyzed deaths following nonfatal opioid overdoses in California from 2009 to 2011, finding that patients with intentional overdoses were more likely to die by suicide than those with unintentional overdoses. The study sheds light on the complex relationship between opioid use and suicidal behavior.
A study of 7,000 adults aged 65 found that those with dementia and poor vision experience significant limitations in self-care, mobility, and household activities. The research highlights the need for better support systems to address these challenges.
A comprehensive review of 57 studies involving 7,000 participants found that programs can effectively enhance the social, emotional, and spiritual aspects of wisdom. The study suggests that interventions targeting these areas can lead to improved mental health outcomes.
A study of nearly 1,300 individuals with ASD found that many receive recommended genetic tests, but factors such as insurance coverage and provider recommendations influence the rates. The findings highlight the importance of personalized approach to genetic testing for individuals with ASD.
Researchers provide guidance on resuming intense exercise training after COVID-19 infection, emphasizing the importance of gradual progression and medical clearance. Athletes and highly active individuals can follow these recommendations to minimize risk of cardiac complications and return to sports safely.
A case series describes the treatment and outcomes of heart transplant recipients infected with COVID-19 in New York City. The study reveals varying characteristics among patients, highlighting the need for individualized care.
Researchers investigated associations between 26 common medical conditions and alcohol use among 2.7 million patients. The study found significant links between certain health issues, such as diabetes and high blood pressure, and excessive drinking.
A study of nearly 200,000 Medicare patients found that starting pulmonary rehabilitation within 90 days of COPD hospitalization significantly improves one-year survival. Pulmonary rehabilitation combines exercise training and self-management education.
Researchers analyzed CDC data from 1999 to 2017 to compare changes in cardiovascular death rates in urban vs rural US areas. The study found significant disparities in mortality rates by age, sex, and race/ethnicity between the two regions.
Researchers investigated the link between prenatal alcohol and tobacco smoking on newborn brain activity. The study found associations between these exposures and altered brain activity in infants.
The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the adoption of telehealth in psychiatric care, offering opportunities for improved accessibility and patient outcomes. The shift towards virtual consultations is expected to have a lasting impact on mental health services.
The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the shift to telepsychiatry, leading to changes in patient outcomes and provider workflows. Key findings highlight the need for improved training and resources for mental health providers adapting to virtual care.
This observational study describes COVID-19 presentations, comorbidities, disease severity, and early treatment outcomes in North American pediatric ICUs. The study highlights the importance of pediatric care during the pandemic, providing valuable insights into patient management and mortality rates.
A review of nearly 60 articles found that PrEP use among at-risk teens in the US is increasing, but access and knowledge gaps persist. The study recommends strategies to improve PrEP uptake, such as increasing awareness and providing targeted interventions for underserved populations.