Articles tagged with Conflicts Of Interest
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
The study found that medical specialties with higher percentages of female clinicians tend to have lower average salaries. The median salary for female physicians across all specialties was $300,000, compared to $350,000 for male physicians.
A Swedish study found a significant association between proton pump inhibitor use in children and adolescents and the development of asthma. The researchers analyzed data from over 10,000 children and adolescents, revealing a higher risk of asthma among those taking PPIs for gastrointestinal issues.
A 97-year-old patient learns to titrate condensed chicken soup like a medicine, improving their condition. The study shows that outpatient dietary management can effectively manage electrolyte disorders during COVID-19.
A recent observational study has found a significant association between prediabetes in older adults (ages 71-90) and the risk of progressing to diabetes. The study suggests that age is a key factor in determining the likelihood of disease progression.
A study estimated the US nurse burnout rate and identified key factors associated with leaving the profession. The research found that nurses who experienced emotional exhaustion were more likely to consider leaving their jobs.
A study in New York State found COVID-19 hospitalization rates were higher among those living with diagnosed HIV compared to those without. The results highlight the increased risk of severe illness in individuals with HIV during the pandemic.
A study from 2010 to 2017 found that increased economic prosperity was associated with lower rates of cardiovascular mortality among middle-age U.S. adults. The researchers analyzed county-level data, revealing a significant positive correlation between economic growth and cardiovascular health outcomes.
Between 2010 and 2017, US stimulant-associated deaths rose substantially, driven primarily by cocaine use. Medical stimulants also contributed to the increase, suggesting a broader public health concern.
A study published in JAMA Neurology found that college football players suffer from high frequencies of concussions and repetitive head impacts over several seasons. The researchers identified patterns of injury and highlighted the need for further research to address the long-term effects on player health.
A new study published in JAMA Network Open found that healthcare workers hospitalized with COVID-19 do not have poorer outcomes compared to the general population. The research also suggests that being a healthcare worker is not associated with increased risk of mortality or severe illness from COVID-19.
A study among Italian COVID-19 patients four months post-hospital discharge found a significant proportion experiencing persistent respiratory and functional conditions. The study highlights the long-term effects of COVID-19 on patients' quality of life.
A study examined the association between a statewide COVID-19 shelter-in-place order and lower rates of seasonal respiratory viral activity in Northern California. The results showed that the shelter-in-place order was associated with reduced seasonal respiratory virus activity before and after its implementation.
A recent study assessed the increase in pediatric cases of alcohol-based hand sanitizer eye exposure during the COVID-19 pandemic. The severity and management of ocular lesions were also evaluated.
This observational study found significant racial and ethnic disparities in unintentional opioid overdose deaths among emergency medical services (EMS) patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study identified a higher risk of overdose deaths among non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic populations compared to non-Hispanic White populations.
A new study examines the factors associated with US public motivation to self-test for COVID-19 and distribute self-test kits. The research found that individual characteristics, social norms, and community-level factors play a significant role in shaping this motivation.
The study found a significant increase in neonatal abstinence syndrome and maternal opioid-related diagnoses in the US from 2009 to 2018. The rates varied by state, with the highest increases observed in the Northeast region.
Researchers analyzed medical records for racial bias in clinician documentation, finding evidence of disparities based on race and ethnicity. The study highlights the need for improved training and education to address racial biases in healthcare.
A cancer center implemented a virtual care program in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in improved patient outcomes. The study examined the effectiveness of this approach and found positive results.
Researchers estimated that more than half of SARS-CoV-2 transmission occurs among asymptomatic individuals, suggesting a significant role for these carriers in the spread of the virus. The study's findings have important implications for public health strategies and contact tracing efforts.
Patients with autism spectrum disorder in Taiwan showed a higher risk of substance use disorder compared to the general population. The study, published in JAMA Pediatrics, used health insurance data to investigate this association and found that individuals with autism were more likely to die prematurely due to substance-related causes.
Researchers analyzed public mobility and social media attention in response to COVID-19 in Sweden and Denmark from February to June. The study found that Denmark's lockdown measures had a significant impact on reducing public mobility, while Sweden's more limited restrictions had a lesser effect.
A study found racial/ethnic and socioeconomic differences in telemedicine access during the COVID-19 pandemic, affecting vulnerable populations. These disparities may compound existing health inequities if not addressed.
A study by Ezekiel J. Emanuel found that white citizens living in the richest US counties had better health outcomes compared to average individuals in other developed countries. The researchers looked at various health metrics, including life expectancy and mortality rates, to make this comparison.
Researchers analyzed COVID-19-specific coding, transition to new codes, and PCR testing accuracy in US hospitals. The study found that the COVID-19-specific code had high accuracy rates when compared to SARS-CoV-2 PCR testing.
Researchers estimated that US women of reproductive age attempted to end unwanted pregnancies on their own, with nearly half attempting the procedure by 15-19 years old. The study used nationally representative survey data to track this trend and its potential implications for public health.
This study investigated SARS-CoV-2 infection among patients with cancer receiving antitumor treatment in Italy. The results show a notable rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection, highlighting the vulnerability of cancer patients to COVID-19.
A review of 13 studies found that individuals with skin of color are at increased risk of developing melanoma due to UV exposure. The study suggests that prolonged UV light exposure is a significant risk factor for melanoma in this population.
A study analyzing publicly available data found that the COVID-19 pandemic led to a significant increase in all-cause excess mortality and COVID-19-related mortality among US adults aged 25-44. The researchers estimated that approximately 1.9 million deaths occurred due to COVID-19, with the majority being among younger adults.
Nicotine vaping among US youth increased in prevalence from 2017 to 2020, with a significant rise in perceived harm. The study found that accessibility of nicotine vaping products also increased during this period.
Aerosol-generating medical procedures are a concern due to their high SARS-CoV-2 transmission risk. Four key factors discussed in the article highlight the importance of understanding and mitigating these risks.
Researchers analyzed representation of physicians on Fox News, CNN, and MSNBC during the COVID-19 news cycle. The study found a lack of diverse voices among leading medical experts, highlighting issues of representation in media coverage.
The article emphasizes the importance of scientific rigor in COVID-19 research, recommending study designs and methodologies that promote replicability and reliability. By adopting these recommendations, researchers can increase confidence in their findings and contribute to evidence-based decision-making.
This survey study assessed German public attitudes toward COVID-19 health communications with varying degrees of scientific uncertainty. The results show that the public is generally skeptical about health messages with high levels of scientific uncertainty.
Researchers identified several key risk factors associated with in-hospital mortality in US patients with COVID-19, including older age, comorbidities, and lower oxygen saturation. The study analyzed data from over 2,000 hospitalizations to provide insights into the factors that contribute to high-risk patient outcomes.
The study assesses an online tool that uses actual virus copy number data to compare pooled and single-sample testing methods. The results show how pooled testing affects population-level outcomes, providing valuable insights for policy makers.
A new study reveals that children and adolescents diagnosed with depression are at a higher risk of developing physical health problems and experiencing premature death. The research, published in JAMA Psychiatry, highlights the importance of addressing mental health concerns early on to prevent long-term consequences.
A special report by The BMJ reveals that the UK government has kept its advisors' financial conflicts of interest unpublished, leading to calls for greater transparency. SAGE members have been accused of being unbalanced in their scientific proficiency and favoring certain types of expertise.
A survey of physicians revealed a significant association between burnout and suicidal thoughts, as well as self-reported medical errors. The study controlled for depression and found that burnout was independently linked to these outcomes.
This case series describes mucocutaneous findings in children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome during the COVID-19 pandemic. Key findings include various skin and mucous membrane abnormalities, highlighting the importance of early recognition and treatment.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, e-cigarette use increased significantly among those 24 years old and younger. According to a recent survey study, nearly 60% of this age group used e-cigarettes before the pandemic, with an additional 20% starting to use them during the pandemic.
A nationwide analysis of dementia incidence from 2000 to 2016 reveals significant racial disparities in the US, with Black and Hispanic populations more likely to develop dementia than White Americans. The study suggests that targeted interventions are needed to address these disparities.
Recent studies suggest that Chloroquine (CQ) and Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) have shown promise as COVID-19 antiviral agents, particularly in mild to medium severity cases. Prophylaxis with CQ/HCQ has also been supported by pre-clinical studies.
Researchers found that bank-affiliated funds provided significant financial support to their parent banks during times of crisis, particularly for riskier banks. This support allowed banks to ease financial constraints and facilitate credit access to Spanish businesses.
Researchers found a significant increase in emergency department visits for children who swallowed small high-powered magnets after changes in federal regulations. The study suggests that the rise in magnet-related injuries may be attributed to the new rules, which have allowed for the sale of these magnets without safety restrictions.
A study analyzed 250 top-grossing US movies from 1994-2018, comparing the nutritional quality of food and beverage depictions to dietary guidelines. The findings indicate that movie foods often exceed recommended levels of calories, added sugars, and saturated fats.
Researchers investigated COVID-19's effect on respiratory muscles in critically ill patients, comparing with non-COVID-19 cases. Severe COVID-19 was found to cause significant changes in the diaphragm, a crucial factor in patient outcomes.
The study highlights limitations of current testing in asymptomatic phases and access issues in resource-limited communities. Better testing is crucial to prevent community transmission and improve public health outcomes.
A study estimates that potential years of life lost among US primary school-age children associated with school closures during the pandemic. The decision analytical model forecasts significant health consequences, highlighting the need for continued monitoring and support.
A randomized clinical trial found that e-cigarette use combined with individual counseling significantly increased quit rates compared to counseling alone. The study concluded that e-cigarette assistance can be an effective complement to traditional counseling services for smokers trying to quit.
Researchers found a significant association between nursing home crowding and increased risk of COVID-19 infection and mortality in Ontario, Canada. The study examined data from the entire nursing home system during the pandemic and observed a strong correlation between crowding and adverse outcomes.
A randomized trial found that hydroxychloroquine improved the clinical status of adults hospitalized with COVID-19. The study compared the effects of hydroxychloroquine versus placebo on patients' clinical status at 14 days.
Researchers found that eliminating cost sharing for contraception resulted in higher birth rates among low-income and middle-income women, but not among high-income women. The study suggests that increased access to affordable contraception may contribute to a decline in unintended pregnancies.
The study examined clinicians' experiences planning and providing care in settings with limited resources during the pandemic. Clinicians reported significant challenges and stress in managing patients, highlighting the need for support and resources to mitigate these effects.
Rates of needlestick and sharps injuries were found to be higher among resident physicians compared to other staff. The study aimed to examine the rates and characteristics of these types of injuries among residents at a large healthcare center.
Researchers investigated case investigation and contact tracing outcomes in San Francisco during the pandemic. The study found that effective contact tracing contributed to reduced spread of COVID-19 cases and hospitalizations.
An observational study found associations between sociodemographic features, laboratory values, and comorbidities with severe illness and mortality in hospitalized COVID patients. The study's findings suggest that these factors can predict a worse course of illness for hospitalized patients with COVID-19.
Researchers found that higher-quality diets were associated with improved overall survival among individuals with metastatic colorectal cancer. The study, published in JAMA Network Open, suggests that dietary interventions may be a crucial component of cancer treatment and management.
A recent study investigated approach for return to play in athletes of various age groups after recovering from COVID-19. The findings highlight the importance of gradual resumption of physical activity and stress testing to ensure safety.
A study examined the impact of COVID-19 on depressive symptoms among high-risk individuals in the UK. The results showed a significant increase in depressive symptom severity during the pandemic.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, hospitalizations for non-COVID-19 related conditions increased significantly in a New York health system. The study found that nearly half of all hospitalizations were due to these chronic and acute conditions.