Purdue University researchers have developed a method of using nanoparticles to deliver treatments to injured brain and spinal cord cells. The team coated silica nanoparticles with a polymer to target and repair injured guinea pig spinal cords, showing improved physiological functioning in treated cells.
Research highlights the importance of including incarcerated populations in health studies to improve community health outcomes. The Journal of Correctional Health Care publishes original research on correctional health care topics, featuring findings on primary care, infectious disease, and mental health.
Scientists measure radionuclides in soil to understand sediment sources in rivers, revealing that streambank erosion contributes significantly to sediment loads. The study's findings can inform efforts to rehabilitate streams and preserve aquatic populations.
A recent study by the American College of Radiology found that core needle breast biopsies are safe for patients taking anticoagulants. The study showed that lumps or bruising occurred in 34% of women taking blood thinners, compared to 26.5% of those not on medications.
Leading scientists Dr. Phaedon Avouris and Professor Tony Heinz were honored for their work on nanoscale carbon materials, showing promise for integrating electronics and optics. The research could enable faster calculations and solve electronics problems, with potential applications in photovoltaics, sensors, and medicine.
A study published in Sleep found that postmenopausal women slept longer than premenopausal women, with deeper sleep and increased total sleep time. However, the rate of change in sex hormones during menopause was also associated with poor subjective sleep quality.
A Yale University study finds that compact fluorescent lighting can increase mercury emissions in certain countries and US states, offsetting energy conservation gains. The switch to CFLs may reduce emissions in some areas, such as Estonia and China, but increase them in others, like South America and parts of Europe.
A study published in the American Journal of Roentgenology found that 3D CT scans significantly aid surgeons in treating varicose veins in the lower extremities, with excellent imaging results in 76% of patients. The scans also provided detailed views of the great saphenous vein, allowing doctors to make more accurate surgical plans.
Researchers found that emphasizing opposition to the other party can transform attitudes towards different groups and drive coalition building. The study used experiments with Asian and Latino students, showing that highlighting negational racial identity increased support for a Black Presidential candidate.
The MOTIVATE trials show maraviroc significantly suppresses the virus at 48 weeks, increasing immune system T-cell counts and providing consistent clinical benefit for treatment-experienced patients with R5 HIV-virus infection. Maraviroc provides a valuable additional treatment option for a wide spectrum of treatment-experienced patients.
A team at the University of Leeds has developed a fast and affordable biosensor technology to detect biomarkers for various diseases. This technology can potentially replace current testing methods that take hours to complete and require specialized equipment.
A unique study successfully used instrumental sensorimotor rhythm conditioning (ISC) to improve sleep spindles, decrease sleep onset latency, and increase memory performance. Participants who trained their brain activity to shape SMR amplitude showed significant improvements in sleep quality and memory performance after two weeks.
Researchers identified rhinovirus as the biggest contributor to future asthma development in children. Wheezing with RV during early childhood increased asthma odds by nearly 10-fold, with children who wheezed at three years of age facing a 30-fold risk.
A study found that CT scans changed the initial treatment plans of emergency physicians in over 29% of patients with suspected appendicitis. This alteration was largely due to CT results ruling out appendicitis when surgical consultation was initially recommended, reducing unnecessary surgeries.
Researchers solved part of the mystery of where marine organisms recovered after the Permian-Triassic extinction event. The shorelines of ancient Alberta and British Columbia provided a refuge for these organisms, indicating locally well-oxygenated conditions in an ocean otherwise characterized by widespread anoxia.
A University of Missouri study found that female and male candidates adapt to each other's traditional communication styles when debating head-to-head. Female candidates were more likely to use 'masculine' traits and issue personal attacks, while males adopted 'feminine' strategies and addressed women's issues.
Researchers from TU Delft and CSR have developed a method to create an accurate picture of Greenland's ice loss, revealing a half-millimeter-rise in global sea levels per year. The study also shows that the ice loss is advancing towards the North of Greenland, particularly on the west coast.
MESSENGER spacecraft will make its second flyby of Mercury on Oct. 6, providing a region unseen before by spacecraft and revealing details about the planet's atmosphere and surface. The mission aims to gather data and images from Mercury for about 90 minutes, including observations in the far ultraviolet portion of the light spectrum.
A new study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that patients can still benefit from dissolving blood clots in the brain up to 4.5 hours after a stroke. The study, known as ECASS 3, involved 826 patients who received either the thrombolytic drug alteplase or a placebo, with better response rates and no increased mort...
Researchers have discovered a persistent brain signal that never switches off, suggesting its role in supporting cognitive functions and maintaining the brain's structure. This low-frequency signal is thought to be more fundamental than previously identified gamma frequency activity.
Researchers found that when a single telomere is lost, it can cause many abnormalities in a cell's chromosomes, leading to cancer. A new treatment route for cancer may be possible by interfering with the process of adding new telomeres.
Researchers have found that nanoparticles can pass through human skin, especially when damaged, raising concerns about their safety. The study, led by Dr. Lisa DeLouise, used mice as a model and showed that nanoparticles accumulate in skin folds and around hair follicles.
The Broad Institute will create comprehensive epigenomic maps of human cells, including embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells. The five-year grant aims to transform the understanding of gene expression control using cutting-edge technologies like ChIP-Seq and HTBS.
The new Center for Environmental Policy will evaluate key environmental issues, build public awareness, and recommend science-based policies. The center aims to engage disparate parties in the environmental debate and provide practical solutions for managing natural resources.
A randomized clinical trial found that changing dosing and administration of an anthrax vaccine to intramuscular injection resulted in fewer adverse events while maintaining comparable effectiveness. The study also discovered that a reduced 3-dose schedule was noninferior to the licensed regimen.
Researchers from Matis-Icelandic Food Research developed a PCR-based technique to detect bacteria causing stinky fish smell in just five hours, four times faster than traditional methods. This innovation enables the fish industry to monitor contamination by spoilage bacteria more efficiently.
A study found three genes associated with an increased risk of gout, enabling the development of a genetic risk score that can predict those at highest risk. This score could facilitate early and targeted treatments, improving outcomes for individuals affected by gout.
Researchers found that cells tune gene expression using discrete bursts of activation, proportional to the frequency of nuclear localization pulses. This 'bang bang' regulation controls gene expression, with genes affected in proportion to the number or frequency of these jumps.
New research finds that distractions can aid in solving complex problems through unconscious thought, but conscious thought is necessary for applying solutions. In contrast, easier problems may require focused attention to find the solution.
Scientists have created the first genetic research model for a microscopic part of the eye that causes blindness. The new model aims to test drug compounds and therapeutic agents to prolong the life of receptor cells and delay or prevent blindness.
The University of Illinois report 'We Move the Kids' recommends integrating physical activity throughout the curriculum, beyond traditional P.E. classes, to promote healthy habits and combat obesity. Experts suggest innovative strategies like pedometer tracking, rewards, and goal-setting to encourage kids to be physically active.
Research published in The FASEB Journal found that a mother's high-fat diet during pregnancy can lead to oversized offspring and an increased risk of obesity in children. This is because fat causes the placenta to produce excessive nutrients for the fetus.
Researchers discovered three periods of high vegetation cover in the Sahara Desert over the past 120,000 years, tied to changes in Earth's rotation axis and increased precipitation. Computer model simulations support these findings, suggesting a potential expansion of vegetation in the region under human-driven climate change.
A two-year study of over 10,000 Medicare beneficiaries with diabetes found that depression was associated with a 36% increased risk of dying from any cause. Participants with both diabetes and depression were more likely to be female, have severe medical illness, and less likely to be African-American.
Researchers developed a new MRI technique that can detect tiny breast cancers, including ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), in mice. The method has shown promising results in detecting small tumors less than 300 microns in diameter and distended milk ducts with cancer.
A new study found that obstetrical care providers are not comfortable discussing substance abuse with pregnant patients unless specifically asked. The researchers call for providers to learn about drug and alcohol cessation programs and ask questions to engage women in discussions about risks. This could lead to better health outcomes ...
A new study by Lifespan researchers found that young children as young as four can develop full-blown obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and exhibit similar characteristics to older kids. The study, published in the Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, analyzed 58 children with OCD between the ages of four and eight.
Geoscientist David Kreamer proposes recycling decommissioned U.S. Navy vessels into mobile desalinization plants to address global water scarcity. The plan harnesses wind, wave, and solar power to create fresh water, potentially reaching remote areas quickly.
A study found that news articles rarely report pharmaceutical company funding and frequently use brand medication names, potentially introducing commercial bias. Despite editors' reports of always using generic names, actual newspaper articles often failed to do so.
A new study published in the British Journal of Psychiatry reveals that women who smoke are at greater risk of developing major depressive disorder. Smoking was found to more than double the likelihood of developing depression for heavy smokers compared to non-smokers.
Dinosaurs survived two mass extinctions before evolving into diverse species, taking up to 50 million years to dominate ecosystems. The research challenges the traditional view of rapid expansion and diversification.
Researchers found that complete removal of peritoneal surface disease (PSD) combined with heated chemotherapy can produce long-term survival in select patients. The study suggests a new approach to treating previously considered incurable cases of colorectal cancer.
Researchers identified two new genes and confirmed a third's role in increased uric acid levels, associated with up to 40-fold gout risk. Genetic testing may one day identify individuals at risk before symptoms develop.
Researchers found that the brain utilizes lactate as fuel during intense physical activity, outpacing glucose usage. This discovery sheds light on the brain's energy needs and has potential implications for treatment and athletic performance.
A DNA test can detect harmful algal blooms across the globe, reducing economic impact on fisheries, recreational activities, and aquaculture sites. Factors such as climate change and pollution contribute to algal bloom occurrences.
The article discusses a global summit of leading glaucoma specialists who gathered to discuss key needs and opportunities in advancing therapies for patients. The summit highlighted the need to advance beyond traditional IOP-lowering therapies and explore new approaches, including innovative drug delivery systems and novel biomarkers.
The Federation of American Scientists (FAS) received a $1 million grant from the Entertainment Software Association Foundation to improve its educational game, Immune Attack. The game aims to teach how the immune system works and is designed for students and teachers.
A new study found that wind turbines do not significantly affect the distribution of seed-eating birds and corvids. However, common pheasants were the only species whose distribution was impacted by the turbines. This research is crucial for reconciling EU energy targets with biodiversity conservation efforts.
The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center has received a $52.7 million Cancer Center Support Grant from the NCI for five years, supporting 19 specific research programs and 24 shared-resource services. This renewal is part of two steps toward maintaining its comprehensive cancer center designation.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center found that young adults without family history of bowel disease have few pre-cancerous polyps. Screening guidelines recommend colonoscopies starting at age 50, but the study suggests African Americans should consider colonoscopy over sigmoidoscopy.
A new touch-screen kiosk lets patients quickly answer questions about their physician encounter, displaying a colorful measure on a monitor. The study collects data for eight weeks in primary care practice sites, aiming to determine if physicians will change their behavior to get more positive feedback from patients.
A meta-analysis found that longer psychodynamic psychotherapy lasting at least a year is effective and superior to shorter-term therapy for patients with complex mental disorders. The study suggests that short-term therapy may be insufficient for these patients, who often require more intensive treatment.
A study by the University of Cambridge found a link between lower cortisol levels and antisocial behavior in male adolescents. The research suggests that antisocial behavior may be linked to physiological symptoms, including a chemical imbalance of cortisol in the brain and body.
A large Danish observational study found that women taking hormone replacement therapy (HRT) who used it on a cyclical basis, through skin or vaginal application, had a reduced risk of heart attacks. This contradicts previous research and suggests that certain HRT regimens may be safer than others.
A study from Massachusetts General Hospital found that women with vulvar carcinoma and extra copies of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene are at increased risk of dying from their cancer. EGFR amplification is associated with poor survival rates, making targeted therapies a promising treatment option.
A new JAMA study reveals a genetic link between obesity and colon cancer risk, showing those with a common genetic variant of ADIPOQ carry up to 30% reduced risk. This finding may lead to improved screening and early detection for colon cancer through lifestyle changes such as diet and exercise.
The Prince of Wales expresses deep concern over global warming and its devastating impact on communities worldwide. He emphasizes the need to value tropical rainforests as a vital global public utility to mitigate climate change.
Parents of children with food allergies experience high levels of anxiety and daily challenges due to lack of understanding from the general public and physicians. The study aims to increase knowledge among key groups to improve health and lives of children and families affected by food allergies.
Research by Mark Levels and colleagues reveals that economic development in an immigrant's home country positively impacts their child's academic success. Immigrant children from small communities or politically unstable countries face educational disadvantage, emphasizing the need for targeted programs to support their potential.
A study found that birth weight is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer later in life, particularly among women living in developed countries. The analysis of over 600,000 women revealed a 7% increase in risk for every 0.5 kg increment in birth weight.