The Lancet recommends allowing newborn infants to participate in multiple clinical studies with their parents' consent, provided it does not compromise care or safety. This would strengthen the evidence base for medical care of newborn infants and balance ethical concerns.
The Citipix Collection, valued at over $14.3 million, is a historic snapshot of urban history in the US at the turn of the century. The collection consists of 500,000 color-stereo images taken between 1999-2002, providing clear detail up to six inches off the ground.
A large cohort of Danish children with up to 28 years of follow-up showed that death after febrile seizures is extremely rare. Children who had simple febrile seizures had mortality similar to the general population, but those with complex febrile seizures had a two-fold higher risk of death within two years.
The University of Houston's Texas Obesity Research Center (TORC) is recruiting 500 participants for a study promoting healthy dietary habits and physical activity in the virtual world of Second Life. Participants will earn rewards and compete to win the International Health Challenge.
Researchers explore new treatments for psoriasis, revealing a potential therapeutic option in AEB071, while cautioning further clinical trials are needed. Additionally, studies uncover the reasons behind gene therapy complications in SCID patients, shedding light on insertional oncogenesis and acquired somatic mutations.
Clinical Research Management has secured a seven-year contract to conduct Phase I Clinical Trials for Therapeutics against Infectious Diseases at three national testing sites. The sites are Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Case Medical Center, and Johns Hopkins University. Each site will recei...
Researchers discuss the difficulties in diagnosing and treating Barrett's oesophagus, a pre-cancerous condition often associated with chronic acid reflux. The authors suggest improving detection and treatment by developing standardized indicators, less costly screening methods, and laboratory animal models.
The project utilizes physiological information to develop more sophisticated assistive aids for individuals with neuromuscular diseases and musculoskeletal injuries. Researchers aim to create robotic orthoses that can aid patients with muscular dystrophy regain significant use of their limbs.
Researchers at UGA are working to improve the efficiency of converting lignocellulose into ethanol using switchgrass and sunflower, with potential benefits for reducing carbon dioxide emissions and food costs.
Researchers have adapted a human test to screen for elevated iron levels in marmosets and tamarins, enabling early identification and treatment of hemosiderosis. This diagnostic tool also helps veterinarians provide tailored care to individual animals.
B cells can activate themselves in autoimmune diseases without T cell assistance, leading to a 'vicious cycle' of chronic disease. This finding may explain why treatments targeting T cells have been less effective and newer B cell-targeted therapies show promise.
Researchers found no correlation between traditional and standardized assays, highlighting the need for a physiologically relevant platform. Clade C antibodies showed broad cross-reactivity, neutralizing multiple viruses in both formats.
Researchers at Harvard Medical School have successfully used RNA interference (RNAi) to prevent the spread of HIV in mice. The study found that knocking down three specific genes in T cells protected them from the virus, preventing it from jumping between cells.
A study found that no-nose bicycle saddles reduce saddle contact pressure, improve penile tactile sensation, and enhance erectile function in bicycling police officers. The use of no-nose saddles also led to a significant decrease in genital numbness while cycling.
University of Florida researchers have discovered a marine compound called largazole that inhibits cancer cell growth in laboratory tests. The compound is derived from cyanobacteria and targets histone deacetylase enzymes, which are associated with several cancers.
Researchers have shown that our visual working memory can be shared out across the whole image, with more memory allocated for objects of interest and less for background detail. This means that we don't just remember every detail, but focus on the broad gist and specific details.
Researchers at Penn State have discovered a new way to cool using ferroelectric polymers that exhibit temperature changes under an electrical field. The technology could lead to the development of flat panel refrigerators without coils or compressors, providing a more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly cooling solution.
Climate models predict a nearly ice-free Arctic Ocean by 2050, which will restore conditions that allowed Pacific shellfish to invade the Atlantic three million years ago. Several north Pacific species have relatives in the North Atlantic and are expected to resume their invasion when cold conditions return.
Researchers at Arizona State University have made a breakthrough in understanding the effect of brown carbon on climate change by developing a novel technique to measure its optical properties. This discovery could lead to more accurate forecasting of global warming activity, as current models often overlook this key component.
Researchers discovered how microRNAs fit into the map of embryonic stem cell circuitry, providing clues for targeting specific microRNAs to direct an embryonic stem cell into another type of cell. The study also provides a better platform for analyzing microRNA gene expression in cancer and other diseases.
Patrick Crowley, a computer architect, is designing a new network for the US Department of Defense to facilitate real-time information sharing. The goal is to enable commanders to understand the location and status of all platforms, equipment, and personnel in real-time.
A new study has identified younger, recently diagnosed men and those who binge drink and use substances like methamphetamine as high-risk groups for HIV transmission. These findings suggest the need for more targeted prevention programs to address the rising rates of HIV diagnoses among these men.
A UC Irvine study found that only 17% of adults with cardiovascular diseases have optimal levels for all lipids, compared to 85% of those without heart disease. The researchers emphasize the importance of proper diet, exercise, and medication to target all lipids.
A new study explores how imagination, insight, and creative ideas develop and spread within teams. Team creative cognition refers to a shared repertoire of cognitive processes among team members that enables the team's ability to approach problems creatively.
Robert Siliciano, an HIV expert, says that current antiretroviral drug combinations can suppress the ability of HIV to replicate, with some combos reducing copies to less than one in a billion. However, progress is still needed to identify and eliminate viral reservoirs that persist in the body.
A research team at Georgia Tech is developing foundational research in massive data analysis and visual analytics. The project aims to improve the visual analytics of massive data sets through machine learning, numerical algorithms, and optimization.
Researchers investigated estrogen's action in the brain, finding that it protects neurons and enables learning and memory throughout life. Estrogen receptors are present in both men and women, and a protein called PELP-1 enables rapid hormone action.
Dr. Eric Lazartigues' research aims to understand the role of ACE2 in regulating blood pressure and developing new treatments for hypertension. With a $1.2M grant, his work has the potential to improve the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, which claim more lives than cancer combined.
A new University of Washington study reveals that abstinence-only programs do not effectively prevent teenage sexual activity because they fail to speak the same language as adolescents. The research found that attitudes and intentions about sex were more powerful than those about abstinence, leading to increased instances of teen sex.
Researchers at University of Illinois and Northwestern University develop high-performance hemispherical camera using stretchable optoelectronics. The camera's design is based on the human eye, with a simple lens and hemispherical detector, enabling broader field of view and improved illumination uniformity.
A new study suggests that monitoring fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23) levels can provide crucial information for the treatment of kidney failure patients. Elevated FGF-23 levels have been linked to a significantly increased risk of death among dialysis patients, even when phosphate levels are normal.
Researchers at the University of Sheffield have created a computer model that maps the metabolism of Nostoc bacteria, revealing a previously unknown link between energy production and nitrogen fixation. This breakthrough could lead to improved hydrogen production and further investigation into synthetic biology.
A recent survey found that 94% of doctors recognize the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and type 2 diabetes, but only 47% conduct routine screening. The International Diabetes Federation calls for increased awareness, research, and clinical practices to address treatment.
Researchers at NIST study gas-liquid interactions using powerful lasers, observing the rotational dynamics of a molecule bouncing off a liquid surface. They found molecules tend to tumble forward with a 'top spin' motion.
Researchers found that women with a history of psychiatric disorders or substance abuse were more likely to attempt suicide postpartum. The study suggests screening for past diagnoses during prenatal care may identify high-risk women.
Capsaicin from hot peppers directly induces thermogenesis by altering muscle protein SERCA, leading to increased heat production. This process could be used to design more potent compounds for treating hypothermia.
Researchers have developed a sensor array that can conform to irregular surfaces, enabling the creation of an eye-shaped camera with improved image quality. The technology has promise for applications such as advanced health monitors and prosthetic devices.
Researchers at NIST have detailed fundamental processes involved in extracting sugars from biomass, a crucial step in producing ethanol by fermentation. The study provides theoretical limits of reactions and energy needed to break down cellulose and hemicellulose, helping engineers design more efficient process designs.
Researchers identify a type of synesthesia in which individuals hear sounds when they see things move or flash, suggesting an enhanced form of visual processing. The four synesthetes outperformed nonsynesthetes on a test involving rhythmic patterns of flashes and beats.
Researchers used terahertz absorption spectroscopy to study the motion of water molecules during protein folding. Water molecules change to a native-type arrangement much faster than the protein, helping establish its correct configuration. This 'designer fluid' plays a crucial role in life.
A study of 174 tuberculosis patients found that extensively drug-resistant TB patients were almost eight times as likely to die as those with multi-drug resistant TB. The study emphasizes the critical importance of optimal management of multi-drug resistant cases to prevent progression to XDR-TB and associated poorer outcomes.
Researchers used a supercomputer to simulate the halo of dark matter surrounding the Milky Way, finding dense clumps and streams in the inner region. The study may help scientists understand what dark matter is and could detect evidence of its particles through gamma-ray signals.
A University of Utah study demonstrates fundamental new property – chaotic behavior in a quantum system – in frozen xenon nuclei, challenging conventional understanding. The findings provide new insights into the relationship between chaos theory and quantum mechanics.
Scientists at JILA have developed a powerful new technique to study ultracold atomic gases, revealing previously hidden properties. The technique, using photoemission spectroscopy, simultaneously probes energy and momentum, providing insights into the pairing of atoms.
Researchers from Massachusetts General Hospital linked genetics to brain reward circuitry and preference, revealing a connection between gene variants and brain activity. The study used brain imaging, genetics, and experimental psychology techniques to identify a correlation between the CREB1 gene variant and brain structure activity.
Researchers study drought patterns in northwestern Africa, finding a recent drought is consistent with climate model projections. Hail precipitation in China decreases by nearly half since the 1980s, likely due to rising freezing levels. New data reveals variable wind speeds on Venus, including strong vertical shear at low latitudes.
Research suggests that obese adolescents who experience peer victimization are more likely to struggle with depression and negative feelings about their physical appearance. Non-obese adolescents who face peer victimization also report decreased self-esteem and increased negative body image over time.
Researchers at the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine conducted a double-blind clinical trial to assess the impact of smoked medical cannabis on neuropathic pain in HIV patients. The study showed that reported pain relief was greater with cannabis than with a placebo.
Despite having food allergies, many college students are not taking necessary precautions, such as carrying emergency medication and having a plan in place. Researchers found that only 50% of students with food allergies always avoid their allergenic foods, and 43% do not have an EpiPen on hand.
A Columbia University study found that periodontal disease can be an independent predictor of incident Type 2 diabetes. Over a 20-year follow-up, individuals with elevated levels of periodontal disease were nearly twice as likely to develop Type 2 diabetes compared to those without periodontal disease.
Researchers found aphids are appearing significantly earlier in the year and in higher numbers due to mild winters. This leads to more aphids flying in spring and early summer when crops are vulnerable.
A team of Yale researchers has identified 305 individual proteins that can alter viral infection, including those involved in West Nile and Dengue fever. This discovery may lead to the development of new treatments for a variety of viral infections.
Researchers at UC Berkeley and University College London discovered that metallic helium is produced under extreme conditions found at the centers of Jupiter and Saturn, mixing with metal hydrogen to form a liquid metal alloy. This finding challenges previous theories about the energy source powering these planets.
Scientists have uncovered the 3D structure of Mps1, a protein that regulates chromosome number during cell division and prevents cancer. The discovery will help design safer and more effective therapies.
A study by Emory University researchers found that black girls who abused alcohol had low condom usage rates, even after participating in HIV interventions. The study suggests that addressing alcohol use is crucial to developing effective HIV interventions for this demographic.
Researchers at Northwestern University have developed a new camera technology that uses a curved surface to capture images, similar to the human eye. The technology, which has been published in Nature, has shown promising results in producing clearer and more detailed images than traditional cameras.
A study analyzing media coverage of the Schiavo case found that most articles contained medical inaccuracies and false hopes about her recovery. The researchers emphasize the importance of accurate information in end-of-life decision-making, which was challenged by relatives and public opinion during this high-profile controversy.
A study published in Science journal reveals the evolution of marine diversity over 50 million years, highlighting the Indo-Australian Archipelago as a tropical center of maximum diversity. The research provides new insights into biodiversity hotspots and their connection to environmental change.
A study conducted in Peru found that more than 60% of XDR-TB patients were cured after receiving personalized outpatient therapy. The ambulatory model showed better outcomes than hospital settings and has the potential to be widely implemented in resource-poor settings.
Researchers at Texas A&M University have developed a novel method called GIANT-Coli to study genetic interactions in E. coli, allowing rapid and large-scale studies of the bacterium's genes. This method has great potential to quicken the discovery of new gene functions, with potential applications in medicine.