Researchers found that newly formed brain cells in the olfactory system maintain proper connections and are essential for recovery from disrupted states. The discovery challenges previous assumptions about neuronal development and suggests a constant supply of new neurons is necessary to stabilize the mature structure.
Researchers have made a breakthrough in brain cancer treatment by identifying a key process that can be targeted with a new drug, AZD8055, which combines with Temozolomide to extend animal life by 30%. This discovery is leading to the start of a human phase I/II clinical trial as early as Spring 2015.
The New York Stem Cell Foundation has awarded $9 million to six promising scientists, including three stem cell researchers and three neuroscience researchers. The awards will enable them to expand their laboratories and train other scientists.
A 3-year study analyzing 53,000 end hosts and 160 countries found a significant relationship between broadband services, pricing, and demand. In developed countries, users can upgrade to faster services when demand increases, but in developing countries, high prices limit adoption and usage.
A new study published in Radiology found that teenage baseball pitchers who throw more than 100 pitches per week are at risk for acromial apophysiolysis, a condition characterized by incomplete fusion and tenderness at the acromion. The study also found that these pitchers are more likely to develop rotator cuff tears later in life.
Researchers found that individual neurons can react differently to electrical signals and compensate by altering their own outputs. This variability may be important in discovering underlying problems associated with brain disorders.
Researchers found a strong correlation between Northern Hemisphere seabird diversity and environmental stressors, with puffins and auks serving as indicator species. The study suggests that climate change has shaped the geographic distribution and population size of existing species over the past 5 million years.
Researchers at UMass Chan Medical School and UMMSM have identified a rare genetic pathway that protects against bipolar disorder. Decades of research in Old Order Amish families with a high incidence of both diseases revealed a significant negative association between Ellis van-Creveld syndrome and bipolar affective disorder.
A study followed 800 women for nearly 40 years and found that those with neurotic tendencies were more likely to develop dementia conditions. The research suggests that long periods of stress can increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease, with shy women experiencing the highest increase in risk.
Researchers discovered preserved nasal turbinates in pachycephalosaur fossils, which improved airflow to the olfactory region, enhancing smell and cooling the brain. The study suggests that turbinates played a critical role in directing air to the olfactory region while also cooling the brain.
A UK team is exploring the use of thorium as a fuel source for improved nuclear designs, which could provide safer and more cost-effective power generation. The Integral Inherently Safe Light Water Reactor (I2S-LWR) aims to reduce the size and enhance safety of conventional nuclear power stations.
Research at the University of Washington shows that children who spent their early years in institutions have thinner brain tissue in areas related to attention and impulse control. The study provides strong evidence for a link between childhood neglect and ADHD, with significant differences seen in brain structure and behavior.
Researchers at Marcus Autism Center studied delay discounting in parental decision-making, finding that parents' willingness to engage in treatment for their children's problem behavior decreases with longer delay. The study aimed to design treatment programs that families can stick to and help them adhere to.
Hurricane Gonzalo has intensified into a hurricane, with powerful thunderstorms and heavy rainfall. The storm is forecasted to become a major hurricane and make landfall on the island of Bermuda.
A new study in Journal of Consumer Research finds that flashy launches can backfire if products are truly innovative. Consumers get anxious when they can't understand a product's functionality, especially in stimulating retail environments.
A new forecasting method uses complex networks analysis to predict extreme rainfall events in the South American Andes. The approach, developed by an international team of scientists, can accurately forecast 90% of extreme rainfall events under El Niño conditions and 60% under other conditions.
The mission has provided unprecedented ultraviolet images of the tenuous oxygen, hydrogen, and carbon coronas surrounding Mars. Scientists also made a comprehensive map of highly variable ozone in the Martian atmosphere underlying the coronas.
The University of Missouri will receive a $2.3 million NSF grant to study the impact of elementary mathematics specialists on student learning outcomes. The research aims to improve math instruction by exploring the effectiveness of assigning specialist teachers to specific classrooms.
Scientists at Imperial College London have created a light-activated drug that stimulates insulin release from pancreatic cells in response to blue light, potentially reducing side effects and improving blood sugar control. The drug, JB253, is reversible and can be switched on for short periods after meals.
New research highlights the crucial role of bioerosion and carbonate production on Caribbean coral reefs. Species that live in and erode coral reefs, such as sea urchins and parrotfish, will significantly impact the future health of reefs. The study suggests a delicate balance between these processes is necessary to maintain reef health.
A new study by the Montreal Heart Institute found that high doses of fish oil supplements do not reduce atrial fibrillation, a common type of irregular heartbeat. The study also showed that fish oil supplements did not reduce inflammation or oxidative stress markers, which may explain their lack of efficacy.
Biologists at UC Riverside found that geckos reverse hind foot position to use the adhesive system as a brake and stabilizer when moving downhill. The study, published in Biology Letters, sheds light on gecko locomotion on non-level terrain and has applications in robotics.
Birds use collapsible wing tucks to respond to turbulent air masses, reducing lift and minimizing jolting. Researchers found that this technique could potentially be used in micro air vehicles to maintain stability in windy conditions.
Researchers found a strong connection between the pelvic floor muscles and the glutes in the brain, highlighting the interconnected nature of the body. This discovery may help identify the causes of chronic pelvic floor pain and improve treatments for incontinence.
Researchers at the University of Sheffield have made a breakthrough in creating magnetic materials that can perform calculations, paving the way for more power-efficient computers. By harnessing the properties of magnetic vortex domain walls, they hope to develop smaller and faster logic gates.
A Concordia University study found that seniors over 65 are more likely to move to suburbs than urban cores. This trend is driven by factors such as access to medical services and public transit infrastructure. As a result, researchers warn that this shift may have negative implications for seniors' quality of life.
A new study reveals that Earth's magnetic field reversed direction in less than 100 years, approximately 786,000 years ago. This rapid reversal could have significant effects on our planet, including disruptions to electrical grids and increased cancer rates due to the loss of protection from solar and cosmic particles.
Energy drinks have been linked to high caffeine levels, which can cause heart palpitations, hypertension, nausea, and vomiting. Mixing energy drinks with alcohol is also a significant risk factor for adverse health effects.
Researchers have found that carbonate rocks contain vast amounts of active microbes that take up methane, expanding our understanding of the Earth's methane process. The discovery could significantly impact our understanding of greenhouse gas accumulation and its role in climate change.
The study found that emergency department visits by children increased across all insurance groups, with the largest growth among those who were privately insured or uninsured. Meanwhile, Medicaid beneficiaries experienced slower growth in ED use, but still had the highest rates.
The Scripps Research Institute team is investigating the deadly Lassa fever virus with a $6.6 million NIH grant. The five-year study aims to understand how the immune system fights off the virus and develops new treatments for the disease. Researchers will analyze cells, chemicals, and genetics of patients to uncover key findings.
A new biomarker, CLIP2, has been discovered that distinguishes between radiation-induced and sporadic thyroid carcinomas. The marker increases in both genetic activity and protein expression after radiation exposure.
A team of researchers has developed a novel catalyst for oxygen reduction in hydrogen fuel cells, which is more efficient and cost-effective than traditional platinum-based catalysts. The catalyst was synthesized using an ordinary kitchen microwave oven, paving the way for sustainable energy production.
A team of scientists led by Prof. Mathias Heikenwälder found that immune cells, particularly CD8+ T cells and NK T cells, play a crucial role in the development of fatty liver disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and liver cancer. The study suggests that an existing metabolic imbalance triggers the activation and migration of...
Researchers have uncovered how chlamydia, a leading sexually transmitted pathogen, has evolved to evade its hosts through genomic shuffling and adaptation. The study found extensive genetic variation between chlamydia families, highlighting the importance of understanding this diversity for developing new therapeutics.
A new study published in Biological Psychiatry found that children raised in institutional settings had reduced cortical thickness and greater ADHD symptoms. The study suggests a mechanism linking institutional rearing to compromised brain development.
A systematic review and meta-analysis found that frontline health workers can accurately diagnose bacterial infections in young infants, but access to antibiotics is limited. The study suggests that improving diagnosis and antibiotic access can help reduce neonatal deaths in low- and middle-income countries.
When favorite products are out of stock, consumers quickly forget about them if a good replacement is available, according to a new study. The study found that desire for a product depends on the time elapsed since consumption and substitute availability.
Researchers analyzed 360 tomato varieties and wild strains to understand the impact of domestication and breeding on cultivated tomatoes. The study identified genes responsible for larger fruit size and increased disease resistance, but also found areas of genetic uniformity that could be addressed in future breeding.
A new study found that consumers purchase a greater variety of products when they are packaged individually rather than bundled together. Consumers tend to seek more options when choosing from single products, regardless of their preference. The study offers insight for retailers on how to influence consumer behavior and increase sales.
A new study by Case Western Reserve University found that moderate sedation is used to calm anxiety in over half of patients, with fear of needles being the second most common reason. The study provides a guideline for when to use moderate sedation, but raises concerns about endodontist training and certification.
Researchers used test tube experiments to measure growth rates and DNA mutations of 8 different Pseudomonas bacteria species. They found that populations within the same strain evolved in parallel despite genetic differences.
Scientists identify tannic acid as a potential treatment for bacterial lung infections in cystic fibrosis patients, counteracting the harmful effects of the Staphylococcus aureus enzyme SMaseC. The discovery suggests that tannic acid may improve therapeutic outcomes for CF patients.
Tropical Storm Ana was spotted by NASA's Aqua satellite on October 13, with maximum sustained winds near 50 mph. The storm is forecast to strengthen into a hurricane and approach the big island of Hawaii by Sunday, October 19.
A study by researchers at the University of York found that domestic fish supplies have fallen to their lowest point in over 70 years, with only one fifth of recommended consumption levels met. The report also highlights the environmental costs of aquaculture and calls for sustainable production methods.
A team of scientists has successfully created a light-sensitive sulfonylurea compound that stimulates insulin release only in response to blue light. This breakthrough could lead to more precise control over blood sugar levels and reduce side effects associated with traditional diabetes treatments.
Researchers found that autophagy, a cellular recycling mechanism, helps activate muscle stem cells by inducing metabolic shifts and coping with increased biosynthesis demands. Inhibited autophagy delayed stem cell activation, highlighting SIRT1's regulatory role in this process.
Researchers create genetic profile of grape crown gall tumor disease, identifying core microbiome common to 52 sampled tumors. The study aims to improve disease management and crop production of all grape varieties.
A new study in Journal of Consumer Research found that consumers experience less guilt and higher vitality when they're not responsible for indulging in luxury products. The research suggests that allowing consumers to deflect their spending decisions can lead to increased happiness and well-being.
A new analysis of Medicare data reveals no significant correlation between nursing home quality and risk of hospital readmission or death within 30 days. However, better staffing ratings, facility inspection scores, and pain management practices were associated with lower rates of readmission.
A study by Case Western Reserve University's social work school found that many women in poverty struggle to drop users in their lives, making it difficult to establish new networks of non-using friends and supporters. The researchers identified relationships in the network as a key factor in whether women used drugs or not.
A recent study found that approximately 20% of older adults in the affected area were homebound, highlighting a public health concern. The study's geographical analysis revealed that distances to retail stores and availability of hawker bus services significantly impacted the risk of being homebound.
The Basser Research Center has received $6.9 million in new grants to develop vaccines and therapies for patients at increased risk of breast and ovarian cancers. The funding will support multi-disciplinary collaboration efforts aimed at identifying new treatments.
A new study published in The Lancet reports the first evidence of medium-term to long-term safety and tolerability of human embryonic stem cell transplants in humans. hESCs restored sight in more than half of patients with severe vision loss, and no safety concerns were detected after up to 3 years post-transplant.
Researchers explore challenges and opportunities of mining large climate datasets with powerful analytical methods, scientific theory, and solid data engineering. By combining theory and Big Data, scientists aim to explain and predict important climate change phenomena.
A study of 320 women finds that peak and end levels of pain experienced during childbirth are strong predictors of recalled pain, while duration of labor is not. Additionally, receiving an epidural may influence women's memory for labor pain, with those who received epidurals remembering lower levels of pain.
A new study published in Journal of Neurotrauma found that existing models for predicting outcomes after mild traumatic brain injury perform poorly. The study identified older age, pre-existing psychiatric conditions, and less education as the strongest predictors of poor outcomes after mTBI.
Researchers used RIXS to investigate liquid alcohols and found that split peaks originate from nuclear dynamics during the scattering process. This new understanding extends the technique's utility for studying complex materials.
A new study found that consumers who feel guilty focus on concrete details, while those feeling ashamed consider the bigger picture. This insight can help companies tailor their ads to avoid negative effects.
Researchers found that melanoma cells break down nearby LPA molecules to create a trail, leading to the bloodstream and new sites in the body. This creates an aggressive cancer that spreads quickly and is difficult to treat.