Researchers found that adding rapamycin to an immunotherapy approach strengthened the immune response against brain tumor cells, increasing the effect of new therapies. The study also showed increased memory cells, allowing the immune system to attack tumors more effectively.
Researchers found that plant seeds can be pre-colonized with beneficial bacteria, providing enhanced microbial protection. This discovery has significant implications for creating food-safe antimicrobials and understanding the importance of early colonization in establishing a healthy microbiome.
A study of over 600 patients with acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery found that fenoldopam did not decrease the need for dialysis or mortality rates. Instead, it was associated with a higher incidence of low blood pressure.
Research suggests physical activity reduces type 2 diabetes risk, but its effect may vary by genetic factors. Women at high genetic risk show weaker protective effect of physical activity compared to men.
Commentaries in Annals of Internal Medicine argue that Proposition 46's mandatory physician drug testing could deter help-seeking and reporting, potentially harming patients. The authors instead advocate for addressing physician impairment through more nuanced solutions.
Researchers found that oleate, a common dietary fat, restored proper metabolism of fuel in an animal model of heart failure. This improvement enabled the heart muscle to access energy more efficiently and reduced toxic fatty byproducts.
A study by French researchers has found that dolphins are able to discriminate between objects based on their magnetic properties, indicating a magenetic sense. The findings provide new evidence for magnetoreception in cetaceans and suggest they may use this ability to navigate themselves.
Research suggests that self-compassion is crucial for maintaining a positive body image, despite weight fluctuations. Women with higher levels of self-compassion exhibit better eating habits and fewer concerns about weight, body shape or eating.
Human activities, particularly palm oil production, have led to significant fire emissions in Papua and New Guinea. The cleared land, often drained peatlands, dries out during the dry season, catching fire and releasing substantial amounts of greenhouse gases.
Researchers describe a novel liver-directed gene therapy approach that corrects heart symptoms in a model of rare enzyme disorder MPS I. The treatment, using an AAV vector, achieves sustained serum enzyme activity and reduces glycosaminoglycan storage in tissues.
The Brain & Behavior Research Foundation recognized eight scientists with Outstanding Achievement Prizes for their work on psychiatric disorders, affecting one in four people. Recipients include Drs. David Braff and Patrick Sullivan, who pioneered schizophrenia and mood disorder research.
The Growers Nation app offers information on optimal planting times and connects local growers to share tips. It aims to reduce food insecurity by encouraging diverse crops and adaptation to climate change.
Researchers found large droplets of triglycerides within neurons of mice modeling the disease, leading to potential therapies and a new investigative strategy. The study points to triglyceride metabolism as a key factor in hereditary spastic paraplegia.
Researchers used simulations to study primordial supermassive stars that may have exploded as supernovae, leaving no black hole behind. This process could create a distinct observational signature detectable by upcoming telescopes and enrich their host galaxy with heavy elements.
Montefiore Einstein Center for Cancer Care and Albert Einstein Cancer Center have been awarded a $3.4 million grant from the National Cancer Institute to conduct multi-site cancer clinical trials and research focused on reducing healthcare disparities in cancer care. The award will help change the burden of cancer, which is disproporti...
The charity will focus on understanding the root causes of cancer problems in Yorkshire and developing strategies to reduce cancer incidence and mortality rates. The investment will also support research into improving screening methods and increasing access to clinical trials.
In September 2013, Colorado experienced massive flooding triggering over 1,100 debris flows across a 3,400 square kilometer area. The floods were initiated on steep slopes with high areal concentrations of colluvial soils on sedimentary rocks.
Obstructive sleep apnea affects 25 million adults in the US, increasing risk of high blood pressure, heart disease, and depression. Effective treatment with CPAP therapy can reduce these risks and improve brain and heart health.
Alpha-synuclein regulates neuronal communication by self-association, clustering synaptic vesicles and restricting neurotransmission to manage communication. This newfound understanding may be critical for therapeutic interventions targeting alpha-synuclein levels and activity in Parkinson's disease.
MIT researchers develop a scaling law to estimate the risk of brain injury for humans and animals, revealing that humans are more vulnerable due to thinner skulls. The method may aid in diagnosing traumatic brain injury and developing protective helmets.
Researchers from CNIO have identified a new marker for cancer stem cells using riboflavin, a pigment that emits green fluorescence. This discovery enables the tracking of cancer stem cells in tumors, which are responsible for chemical resistance and tumor growth.
A phase 3 trial found that combining dabrafenib with trametinib significantly reduces disease progression and death risk in metastatic melanoma patients. The therapy results in a 67% complete or partial response rate compared to 51% on monotherapy.
A study at the University of Wisconsin-Madison examines how attorney representation and limited legal assistance shape access to justice for low-income civil litigants. The research aims to inform policy and intervention strategies to address the 'justice gap' faced by three-quarters of unrepresented individuals in the US.
Scientists at UC San Diego and Hebrew University found that nitrogen fingerprints in biomolecules can be explained by chemistry within the solar system. By generating ammonia with skewed ratios of nitrogen-15, they recreated the conditions that produce life's fundamental molecules.
Tropical Storm Kammuri is transitioning into an extra-tropical storm, characterized by a cold core and elongated strong storms moving from southwest to northeast. The storm's maximum sustained winds were near 45 knots on Sept. 29, and it is expected to continue weakening over the open ocean.
Hurricane Rachel strengthened into a hurricane on Sept. 27 but weakened back into a tropical storm by Sept. 29. NASA's Aqua satellite captured an image of the storm before it weakened, showing its organized bands of thunderstorms and cloud-filled eye.
Researchers will sequence the genomes of 10,000 people with European, Hispanic, and African-American ancestry to better understand two mental health disorders. The goal is to identify genetic targets for drug development and improve disease prediction.
A new preclinical trial will begin to confirm the HIV vaccine candidate's excellent results, led by Dr. Ruth Ruprecht and funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. The study aims to provide mucosal protection and blood antibodies against infection.
Preliminary data from a phase III trial suggest nivolumab achieves better response rates and longer response durations than standard chemotherapy in patients with unresectable metastatic melanoma. The drug has a lower toxicity profile compared to chemotherapy, promoting a sustained immune response.
A study found that most FDA-clearanced implanted medical devices lack publicly available scientific evidence of substantial equivalence, safety, or effectiveness. The FDA has a process requiring companies to submit evidence, but it is often not publicly available, hindering independent judgment and public health.
The Greenland Ice Sheet is more sensitive to climate change due to the role of soft ground beneath it, which affects its dynamics and leads to increased ice loss. This study reveals that the ice sheet is vulnerable not only to warming temperatures but also to extreme meteorological events like heavy rainfall and heat waves.
Researchers found compounds in Camelina sativa seed that increase liver detoxification enzymes fivefold, showcasing its potential as a nutritional supplement and anti-cancer agent. The bioactive ingredients work synergistically when combined, similar to sulforaphane in broccoli.
Scientists from Brown University and MIT have discovered new details on how ADEPs bind to the ClpP complex in Mtb, a crucial step towards optimizing these compounds for TB treatment. Novel ADEP analogs show improved binding and activation of ClpP, paving the way for designing new drugs.
MaxBin facilitates genomic analysis of uncultivated microbial populations by automatically sorting their genomes from metagenomic sequences. The software uses an expectation-maximization algorithm to classify metagenomic sequences into discrete bins representing individual microbial species.
Rates of intestinal superbug C. difficile infections rose from 4.5 to 8.2 discharges per 1,000 hospitalizations between 2001 and 2010, despite no improvement in patient mortality rates. Antibiotic exposure remains the leading risk factor for CDI incidence.
Scientists discovered genes in humans that make repressor proteins to shut down specific jumping genes, a type of retrotransposon. The findings suggest an ongoing battle between mobile DNA sequences and the genes that control them, leading to the evolution of greater genomic complexity.
Researchers used neural recordings to predict when a rat would give up waiting for a delayed tone. The findings suggest that individual brain cells cast votes for actions, but the outcome is not predetermined.
Researchers at Gladstone Institutes found that progranulin deficiency can increase amyloid-beta plaque formation, neuroinflammation, and cognitive dysfunction in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Increasing progranulin levels via gene therapy effectively prevented these abnormalities and protected against cell death.
Researchers at Uppsala University have developed a new battery concept using renewable biomaterials from alfalfa and pine resin, which can be recycled with low energy input and non-hazardous chemicals. The battery proved capable of delivering up to 99% of the energy output from a spent battery.
A survey of 895 doctors in Europe, South America, and Asia revealed that over three-quarters of oncology specialists believe their patients are not well-informed about treatment options. The majority (90%) use biomarker testing to choose treatments, but many identify cost or lack of reimbursement as key barriers.
A recent study found that expressive suppression is effective in reducing negative emotion in Chinese culture, even faster than cognitive reappraisal. The study used high temporal-resolution Event-Related Potentials and a rigorous experimental design to compare the effectiveness of both techniques.
A 10-year report by PICANet found a 15% increase in child admissions to intensive care units in England and Wales. However, despite increased staff numbers, the ratio of staff to beds remains lower, raising concerns about nurse availability for complex cases.
The CLEOPATRA study demonstrated a significant survival benefit of 15.7 months with the combination therapy, outperforming previous studies. The long-term safety profile and cardiac safety were also maintained.
Researchers developed a portable device to measure eccentric hamstring strength, finding that higher levels of strength can dramatically reduce hamstring injury risk. The study's results could have significant implications for football codes, with potential benefits for players and teams.
The IMPRESS trial found that continued gefitinib therapy after resistance development in lung cancer did not improve progression-free survival. Chemotherapy alone remains the standard treatment for patients with EGFR mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer.
A team of scientists identified a rise in branched-chain amino acids as an early indicator of pancreatic cancer development, occurring years before symptoms appear. The breakthrough discovery has the potential to spur progress in detecting and treating the disease.
A survey of 80 female Greek oncologists found that women are under-represented in leadership positions, with team leaders being men in 82% of cases. The European Society for Medical Oncology launches a new initiative to promote the exchange of ideas among female oncologists and support women with cancer.
Adding cediranib to standard chemotherapy improves tumour shrinkage and adds a modest improvement in progression-free survival for patients with relapsed or metastatic cervical cancer. The study, published in Annals of Oncology, shows greater tumour shrinkage and increased median progression-free survival compared to chemotherapy alone.
Children exposed to chemotherapy or radiotherapy in utero suffer no negative impacts on mental or cardiac development, according to international studies presented at ESMO 2014. These findings confirm that chemotherapy and radiotherapy during pregnancy do not endanger the fetus and its subsequent development.
The phase III trials indicate that anamorelin is safe and well-tolerated in treating symptoms of advanced non-small cell lung cancer anorexia-cachexia. Patients experienced improvements in lean body mass, body weight, and patient symptoms/concerns regarding appetite over 12 weeks.
Biennial colorectal cancer screening in France's Cote-D'Or region increased the rate of diagnosis of high-risk pre-cancerous adenomas by 89%. The study also found that fecal occult blood testing may be more efficient than colonoscopy for high-risk patients.
A phase III trial demonstrated that afatinib significantly improved progression-free survival compared to methotrexate in patients with recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. The study showed a 20% reduction in risk of progression or death, with patients experiencing less pain over time.
A direct comparison of docetaxel and pemetrexed with cisplatin shows similar progression-free survival rates, but docetaxel is associated with more frequent adverse events. The study included 149 patients with non-squamous lung cancer and found that the pemetrexed combination was less toxic.
A new study published in Science Express reviews progress in addressing challenges using evolutionary histories and rapid adaptation approaches. The research highlights the urgent need for better implementation of these strategies to combat escalating resistance to antibiotics and pesticides.
A Korean study showed that patients with low levels of thymidylate synthase in their lung tumors experienced greater benefits from treatment with pemetrexed and cisplatin. The enzyme's expression level can also serve as a prognostic biomarker for overall survival.
A phase III trial showed that Rolapitant significantly reduced nausea and vomiting in patients receiving cisplatin-based chemotherapy. The study found that 72.7% of patients experienced complete response, with improved quality of life outcomes.
Researchers report that crizotinib effectively halted tumor growth in 36 of 50 study participants and suppressed it in another 9. The study confirmed that ROS1 is a viable therapeutic target for ROS1-positive lung cancer patients.
A combination of factors makes it difficult to pinpoint the extent of organ trafficking worldwide. Researchers identify five key reasons for this lack of clarity, including a reluctance by organ donors to speak out and inconsistent laws across countries.
Researchers from UT Dallas have created a new technology that can extend the power life of wearable computers and smartphones. The technology uses a single electron to control energy consumption inside transistors, reducing operating voltage and increasing signal strength.
Astronomers at Cornell University have detected an unusual carbon-based molecule, isopropyl cyanide, with a branched structure in a giant gas cloud 27,000 light years away. The discovery suggests that complex molecules needed for life may originate in interstellar space.