Researchers discovered that complex nerve-cell signaling genes evolved over 600 million years ago in the common ancestor of humans and sea anemones. This finding suggests that many mechanisms controlling electrical impulses in neurons were not present in the earliest nervous systems.
A study of over 1,600 older adults found that those in long-term marriages have a slight rebound in sexual frequency after 50 years. In contrast, remarried individuals have less frequent sex. Despite this, marriage order does not affect physical pleasure or emotional satisfaction.
Researchers at The Wistar Institute have identified a new therapeutic target in ovarian clear cell carcinoma, a difficult-to-treat subtype of ovarian cancer. EZH2 inhibition causes regression of ovarian tumors with ARID1A mutation, providing a much-needed therapeutic strategy for clear cell ovarian cancer.
A study from the University at Buffalo School of Management analyzed surveys and interviews with Mumbai Police officers involved in the response to terrorist attacks. The researchers found that first responders who received timely information access made better decisions, while those without proper training were less effective. To impr...
A study by Menashe Bar-Eli and colleagues found that a lack of RNA editing contributes to melanoma tumor growth and metastasis by manipulating proteins. The researchers identified a previously unknown target for CREB, a transcription factor involved in melanoma development.
Genetic analysis reveals penguins have lost three basic tastes over evolutionary time, leaving them with only salty and sour flavors. Their unique tongue structure and behavior of swallowing food whole may be adaptations to their environment.
Researchers have identified a molecular chaperone that can break the critical cycle leading to Alzheimer's disease. The molecule, Brichos, inhibits secondary nucleation, preventing the formation of toxic oligomers and amyloid fibrils, which are hallmark of the disease.
A new study by Duke University found that millions of African Americans who migrated from the rural South to urban areas during the 20th century experienced a significant increase in mortality rates. The study attributed this increase to unhealthy habits such as smoking and drinking, which were more prevalent in cities.
Researchers are excavating an ancient graveyard in Italy to uncover the history of cholera, hoping to find DNA clues about its evolution. The site contains victims from the 1850s epidemic and provides a thousand-year window into the health of a village.
A survey by Pew Research Center in collaboration with AAAS found that 87% of scientists believe they should take an active role in public policy debates. Scientists use various methods to connect with the public, including social media and blogging, with 47% using social media to talk about science or read about scientific developments.
A study by Cecilia Aragon at the University of Washington found that bilingual speakers increase their use of emoticons when chatting in a non-native language, mirroring face-to-face communication patterns. This suggests that bilinguals are adapting online communication to their cultural norms.
Researchers identified key features that make tweets more likely to get attention, including using words like 'please' and being informative. The study's algorithm predicted tweet popularity more accurately than human observers, with potential applications in longer forms of discourse.
A team of astronomers used ALMA to study a star-forming region in the Sculptor Galaxy, revealing that it is much more massive and dense than similar regions in normal spiral galaxies. This suggests that starburst galaxies are better at forming stars due to their unique stellar nurseries.
Researchers from Ohio State University and the University of Georgia collaborate to visualize cellular processes at a nanometer scale. The QSTORM project aims to enhance microscopy resolution for sub-cellular imaging, enabling scientists to make molecular movies of muscle contraction.
Researchers at UCI found that transplanted human neural stem cells can restore cognitive functions in rats with chemotherapy-induced damage. The study suggests that stem cell therapies may one day provide relief to patients suffering from cognitive impairments incurred as a result of their cancer treatments.
A UNL researcher highlights the impact of climate change on the emergence of infectious diseases, citing examples of West Nile virus and Ebola as predictable outcomes. The expert calls for greater collaboration between public and veterinary health communities to address the growing threat.
The University of Washington's eScience Institute is centralizing data-scientist roles and giving them prestige and autonomy. The institute has established a postdoctoral fellow program to reward young researchers at the intersection of their domain and data science.
Research suggests that how people visualize hackers affects their cybersecurity decisions. Those who picture a teenage hacker make better decisions, while those who visualize a foreign hacker focus on more lucrative targets. This study aims to influence the development of cybersecurity by understanding social behaviors and rationales b...
Research reveals that reduced oxygen availability in water causes aquatic animals to reduce their body size more with warming than those on land. This study provides a closer match between lab experiments and natural patterns, suggesting the same factors at play.
Teenage exploration and risk-taking can be attributed to dramatic changes in the brain, driven by the need for immediate reward. According to Dr. Beatriz Luna's research, the teen prefrontal cortex is not immature but rather overruled by heightened motivation centers.
Researchers aim to balance personal data protection with global statistics benefits using differential privacy methods. This approach restricts analyses that reveal individual records, ensuring accuracy while preventing identification.
Professor Nazar presents advances in lithium-sulphur battery research at the AAAS Annual Meeting, highlighting innovations in nanomaterial strategies and new electrolytes. Her work aims to overcome technical hurdles and realize the potential of these future-generation energy storage systems.
The Arizona State University-SoilCarbon Nation team is examining the adaptive multi-paddock (AMP) grazing management technique to compare its effectiveness with conventional, continuous grazing methods. This approach aims to sequester atmospheric carbon dioxide while improving ranch ecosystems and wildlife habitat.
The 'Hockey Stick' graph, created by Michael Mann and colleagues, revolutionized the climate change discussion with its depiction of rising temperatures. Despite criticism, investigations have consistently upheld the validity of Mann's research, highlighting a crucial distinction between legitimate scientific debate and bad faith attacks.
Researchers from Ohio State University are working to turn germanium into a potential replacement for silicon. They have created forms of germanium called germanane, which has the potential to transmit electrons 10 times faster than silicon and absorb light more efficiently.
A team of scientists and art conservators used a simple light bulb, SLR camera and computational power to uncover new details of Gauguin's printmaking process. The technique allowed them to measure the surface structure of prints, revealing that white lines were on a flat surface and ink sat atop ridges in the paper.
Blacksmith Genesis, the world's first compact 3D printer and scanner, has been unveiled by NTU Singapore start-up Blacksmith Group. The device allows users to scan any item, edit digitised models on a computer, and print it out in 3D.
Scientists say low-carbon technologies alone may not be enough to reduce atmospheric CO2 by 80%. Instead, negative-emissions technologies that remove CO2 from the atmosphere are being developed. BECCS (bioenergy with carbon capture and storage) is a promising technology that can be used in power plants or factories.
A panel of quantum experts will share their insights on the origins, achievements and long-term predictions of quantum research. The discussion aims to explore transformational opportunities of quantum information technologies.
Researchers are using satellite data to target deadly parasites by identifying areas where disease flourishes. The project combines skills from various scientists to create maps accessible to countries with limited capacity for managing disease data.
A UBC study shows that Twitter is a valuable resource for healthcare professionals, with 25% of tweets about spinal cord injury coming from medical experts. The study also found that users discussing Parkinson's disease were more likely to share new research tools and methods.
Researchers from North America and the UK explore the emerging science behind medical cannabis, citing studies that suggest THCV produces anti-schizophrenic effects. The symposium aims to advance understanding of cannabinoids' role in health and disease through research and education.
Scientists at Arizona State University have created a mathematical framework to detect emerging innovation in research networks, identifying key individuals and patterns. The filter, developed by Nadya Bliss and Manfred Laubichler, has promising applications for funding agencies and interdisciplinary research.
E-cigarettes have shown potential in helping smokers reduce or quit, with a significant role to play in public health. Research suggests that about 9% of smokers who used electronic cigarettes were able to stop smoking for up to one year, compared to 4% of those using nicotine-free placebos.
A new study by Loyola University Medical Center shows that using high-fidelity patient simulators can significantly improve the knowledge, skills, and confidence of first-year neurology residents. The study found a 16.1% improvement in multiple-choice tests about treating stroke patients.
Researchers analyzed nearly 1,000 tweets before and after engagement to discover how people altered their online personas. Tweets with words 'I' or 'me' dropped by 69%, replaced with 'we' and 'us', as individuals transitioned into couples.
A new study by UC Santa Cruz researchers found that female pumas kill more prey but eat less when their territories overlap with human development. The presence of humans leads pumas to abandon kills before consuming them, resulting in high energy costs and food loss.
Small farmers, often women, are preserving traditional crop varieties and landraces, providing vital resources for their livelihoods. Peri-urban and marginal locations are key areas where this preservation is occurring, with urban markets driving demand for local foodstuffs.
A new international project, led by the University of Exeter, aims to study how ancient societies used and transformed the Amazonian land. The research will focus on the scale and nature of human societies' transformation of the environment during the late pre-Columbian period.
Researchers discovered a fern that is the offspring of two distantly-related plant groups that haven't interbred in 60 million years. The finding challenges traditional views on reproductive incompatibility among species.
A new study by University at Buffalo education professor Sam Abramovich investigates the use of school-based digital badges as a way to motivate students and measure learning. The research finds that successful educational badges must present enjoyment, recognize work beyond typical academic ability, and value for the student.
Researchers created a new polymer material that can switch between two shapes without reprogramming, using internal stress to remember its shape.
The 44th annual Barrett-Jackson Scottsdale Auction raised $140,000 for TGen's colon and prostate cancer research. The event featured a '79 Cutlass sold by actress Sharon Stone, previously raising over $600,000 for TGen.
Research conducted by Lynda Dunn reveals that diathermy smoke contains nine hazardous compounds, four of which are carcinogenic, posing a risk to surgical personnel. The use of extraction devices is recommended to minimize exposure and improve workplace conditions.
NASA's Aqua satellite revealed cloud top temperatures of -28C/-18F and -23C/-9F over the northeastern US, significantly colder than surface temperatures, which ranged from 4F/-16C to 23F/-5C in affected areas. The extreme cold was part of an Arctic air mass that brought wind chills below zero and single numbers across the region.
A two-year study found that soldiers receiving cognitive-behavioral therapy were 60 percent less likely to make a suicide attempt than those receiving standard treatment. The therapy focused on managing stress and thinking in more helpful ways.
Saiful Chowdhury's project aims to identify host-defense protein interactions networks using mass spectrometry-based chemical cross-linking technology. The research will help recognize protein-to-protein interactions and reduce data complexity in large-scale studies.
Researchers have discovered seven new genes associated with X-linked intellectual disability, a condition that affects mostly men. The study used genetic analysis to identify mutations on the X chromosome as the cause of the disorder, which has highly variable clinical manifestations.
A study by Nationwide Children's Hospital found that 43% of children with positive marijuana urine screens had test results consistent with narcolepsy or abnormal REM sleep patterns. The study highlights the importance of obtaining a urine drug screen before accepting a diagnosis of narcolepsy in adolescents.
Researchers analyzed indicators of conflict and intergroup interaction in Eastern North America, finding that warfare varied widely over time and space. They identified patterns across extremely large areas, including fortified settlements and skeletal remains of warfare victims.
Darla Munroe examines the impact of telecoupling on sustainability, revealing that reforestation efforts may harm other countries' forests. The US added 7.6 million acres of forests between 1990 and 2010, but Munroe questions whether this is an environmental gain globally.
The HPV vaccine was highly effective against common cancer-causing human papillomaviruses beyond types 16 and 18. Young women vaccinated before sexual debut showed substantial protection against cervical abnormalities and precancerous cell transformations.
Researchers have developed a technique to observe minute distortions in the atomic structure of complex materials, influencing their properties. By mapping atomic organization, including distortions, they've found weaker chemical bonds make atoms more susceptible to variations.
A clinical trial led by the University of Southern California has successfully implanted an ABI device in four children who were previously unable to hear. The device stimulates neurons directly at the human brainstem, bypassing the inner ear entirely and showing promising results in young children.
A suite of globally harmonized test methods is needed to measure a wider selection of toxicants in cigarette smoke. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) must coordinate these methods to ensure reproducible and comparable results.
Scientists have uncovered a key factor driving iron's unique thermal behavior, revealing a synergy between magnetism and atomic vibrations that increases the metal's stability at high temperatures. This breakthrough could lead to more accurate predictions of steel properties and enable the development of new, stronger alloys.
Research presented at the Saudi Heart Association conference reveals that 26% of participants are at high risk of having a heart attack or dying from a heart attack in 10 years. The study found that diabetes, obesity, and smoking were major contributors to this risk.
Researchers are creating a synthetic vaccine that mimics the structure of the live virus to provide a quicker, easier, and safer alternative. The goal is to eradicate polio without the danger of accidental release associated with traditional vaccines.
Researchers at University of Strathclyde and Waterloo discovered a method to quantify steering's impact on distinguishing physical processes, enhancing quantum information processing. The study has implications for quantum cryptography and metrology.
Researchers found that adult childhood cancer survivors are at risk for pituitary hormone deficiencies due to cranial irradiation, impacting health and quality of life. The study highlights the need for lifelong health screenings for this population.