A $2 million grant from CPRIT will create a new lab focusing on breast cancer at TTUHSC El Paso, led by Shrikanth Gadad, Ph.D. The lab will conduct research on long noncoding RNAs to understand cancer growth and aggression.
Researchers at Lobachevsky University have made significant progress in understanding the shape of the energy dissipation curve of edge states in topological insulators. The study reveals specific and measurable regularities that affect the physical properties of electron gases, including new peaks in absorption spectra and changes in ...
Researchers found that coordinated brain activity between the amygdala, prefrontal cortex, and olfactory system is linked to freeze behavior in mice. The study suggests that rhythmic breathing can help regulate emotional states and provides potential avenues for anxiety-reducing therapies.
Daniel Sheldon's NSF grant aims to develop efficient algorithms for complex models, enabling scientists to make predictions and test hypotheses from large datasets. He plans to address challenges in modeling animal populations, causal reasoning about citizen scientist data, and optimizing decision-making with multiple objectives.
The project aims to explore highly novel forms of physical photovoltaic (PV) tiles that can harness indoor and ambient light to power integrated digital services. This technology has vast applications, including interactive art designs, pedestrian navigation, and energy-efficient street awnings.
A study of the KhoeSan population found high levels of immune cell diversity and divergence in two distinct groups. Researchers identified unique genetic variants that impact natural killer cell function and combat disease specific to this geographic area.
A new DNA method efficiently screens vampire bat blood meal and faecal samples to determine which domestic animals they feed on, while also assessing population structure. This technique may aid in preventing rabies exposure by identifying animal hosts at risk.
Pai-Yen Chen, a Wayne State University professor, has received a $500,000 NSF CAREER grant to develop more efficient wireless wearable sensors using graphene-based bioelectronics. The technology holds promise for monitoring ocular health and detecting diseases.
A CNIC-coordinated project will investigate the oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS) and its structural heterogeneity, with potential implications for metabolic plasticity. Researchers from various countries and specialties will collaborate to develop new methods and gain a deeper understanding of this fundamental biological process.
A study found that wearing an exoskeleton increases stress on the back by up to 53% and stresses different muscles in the torso by anywhere from 56-120%. Despite relieving arm stress, users reported discomfort due to stiff metal rods in the harness.
Researchers found epigenetic changes in saliva linked to childhood trauma and autism spectrum disorder, suggesting saliva as a potential biomarker. The study aimed to identify early markers of abuse-related deaths and ASD diagnosis, providing insights into the impact of early life experiences on health outcomes.
A study by Columbia University researchers found that social networking site Instagram's recommendation algorithms amplify homophily, making women less visible and reducing their popularity. The algorithms, which turn loose on a network with homophily, effectively make women less visible.
An international team has identified potential biomarkers for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), a disease affecting one in six people. The study found that IBS-specific proteins and proteases play a key role in triggering nerve activation, providing new evidence for organic causes of the disease.
Research reveals tampons, particularly those made from cotton and rayon, can foster Staphylococcus aureus growth and production of toxic shock toxin. Menstrual cups may harbor bacteria more effectively, increasing risk.
A study has found that the rapid evolution of resistance to pyrethroid-based indoor residual sprays on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea, is driven by metabolic changes in Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes. The enzyme CYP9K1 plays a key role in this process.
San Diego County has received a $1.3 million NIH grant to advance Alzheimer's research, aiming to find a treatment or cure for the disease. The funding will support a team of scientists in identifying prototype drugs that can bind to and modulate TREM2, a gene known to correlate with increased risk of developing late-onset Alzheimer's.
Research from the University of Bath found that exercise can increase immune cells and improve response to flu jabs, contradicting a long-held myth. The study suggests that low numbers of immune cells after exercise are not a sign of suppression, but rather a signal that cells are working in other parts of the body.
New research from two large international trials confirms that intracavitary and interstitial brachytherapy is safe and does not increase the risk of ureteral stricture in cervical cancer patients. The treatment is associated with better survival rates and fewer adverse side effects compared to other radiation therapies.
A study published by the European Society of Cardiology found that central obesity, even in patients with normal BMI, significantly increases the risk of heart problems. Measuring central obesity can provide a more accurate picture of cardiovascular health than relying solely on BMI.
A genomics study in Africa discovered that the genetic diversity and admixture of pygmies and Bantu-speaking farmers affected deleterious mutations. The researchers found similar burdens of mutations in both groups, despite different lifestyles.
Researchers have found associations between esophageal cancer and lead-rich soils, lung cancer and copper-rich terrains, brain tumors and arsenic-rich areas. The study's findings suggest that the geochemical composition of soil could influence cancer distribution patterns in Spain.
Researchers from Boston University, MIT, UC Berkeley, and CU Boulder develop a method to fabricate silicon chips that can communicate with light, speeding up data transfer and reducing energy consumption. The technology is compatible with current chip manufacturing processes and could revolutionize computing and mobile devices.
Researchers detected periodic movement in tree branches and leaves, revealing a previously unknown water transport mechanism. This discovery suggests that trees are pumping water and may have shorter or longer sleep periods than previously thought.
Researchers found a gene, MEI-218, that controls the rate of recombination in two species of fruit flies. The discovery sheds light on how crossover rates have evolved to balance benefits and risks, with implications for understanding genetic diversity and evolutionary adaptation.
A new Phase III clinical trial found that belimumab, a monoclonal antibody therapy, significantly reduces SLE disease activity and incidence of severe flares. The treatment's subcutaneous formulation offers an alternative to intravenous administration, making it more accessible to patients.
Researchers at ICFO have achieved the ultimate level of light confinement using graphene, creating ultra-small optical switches and sensors. By sending infra-red light through devices, they observed how plasmons propagated in between metal and graphene, demonstrating control of light guided in channels smaller than one nanometer.
A large Candida auris outbreak in a UK ICU was linked to multi-use thermometers, which were found to harbor the fungus on their surfaces. Researchers controlled for other factors and found that use of these thermometers remained a strong risk factor for infection.
A team of scientists, led by Nobel laureate Eric Betzig, have developed a new microscope that captures real-time, incredibly detailed images and 3D videos of biology. The microscope uses adaptive optics and lattice light-sheet to study cellular and sub-cellular life on whole living organisms.
The European Organisation for the Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) and ESTRO join forces to launch E2-RADIatE, a pan-European infrastructure for efficient collaboration in radiation oncology. The initiative aims to generate robust data on cancer treatment and develop new therapeutic strategies.
Researchers found that fat cells from obese patients with type 2 diabetes were epigenetically reprogrammed after exposure to palmitate and TNF-alpha. Healthy precursor fat cells also exhibited reprogramming after 24 hours of exposure, suggesting a potential link between diet and metabolic health.
Researchers found that West Nile virus reemerged in Greece in 2017 after a two-year hiatus, causing 45 cases of infection, primarily in southern regions. The study highlights the importance of mosquito management and public education to prevent transmission, particularly among vulnerable populations.
A team of researchers has successfully combined carefully structured light with metal nanostructures to alter the properties of generated light at the nanometer scale. This breakthrough could lead to advancements in photonics, such as frequency conversion of light and optical processing.
A new study reveals that European rivers have a much higher density of barriers than previously thought, with up to one barrier per kilometer. A newly developed smartphone app, Barrier Tracker, is now available to help document and update this information.
Researchers at Umeå University have discovered that adenovirus binds to polysialic acid, a carbohydrate receptor overexpressed on certain types of cancer cells. This finding opens new possibilities for using adenovirus as a treatment for corresponding types of cancer.
A three-year study of 1,078 hypertensive patients with heart disease found that faster walkers had a significantly lower risk of hospitalization. The study also showed that fast walkers spent shorter lengths of time in the hospital compared to slow walkers.
Research presented at ECCMID found that unvaccinated patients accounted for most measles cases, with children under two years old being at higher risk of dying from the disease. The study also highlighted the impact of measles on young populations, with one in 1,000 cases resulting in death.
Researchers at Eindhoven University of Technology have developed methods to increase fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) capacity by doubling or tripling it, making more efficient use of existing infrastructure. These techniques improve signal quality based on user distance from the central data station.
The Guidelines on Business and KBAs provide steps for businesses to actively safeguard biodiversity and avoid contributing to its loss. Businesses are recommended to adopt 15 guidelines to better manage their impacts on places deemed critical for species and ecosystems worldwide.
Researchers found specific small molecules in blood plasma accurately predict whether someone has sustained a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) or not. The discovery could lead to reliable diagnostics for concussions.
Researchers found that targeting E. coli's toxin-antitoxin system, specifically the mazEF gene, can inhibit bacterial growth. The proposed strategy has the potential to be a selective inhibitor and can be adapted to work on multiple bacteria types.
Researchers have developed primary pancreatic organoid tumor models using magnetic nanoparticle assembly, enabling high-throughput phenotypic drug screening. These 3D structures allow for the testing of drug-like molecules against patient-derived cancer cells, providing insights into potential patient outcomes.
Scientists discover small microbes removing nitrogen from seawater in microenvironments with low oxygen levels, expanding the nitrogen cycle beyond previously thought regions. This finding changes our understanding of ocean responses to climate change.
A recent study by Michigan Technological University researchers found that even a single session of meditation can reduce anxiety levels and lower heart rate variability in adults with mild to moderate anxiety. The study, led by John Durocher, used mindfulness meditation and found significant benefits in cardiovascular health.
Researchers found that C4 plant species grew more in elevated CO2 conditions than C3 plants, contradicting initial expectations. This unexpected shift has significant implications for grassland conservation and restoration planning.
A study by the universities of Zurich and Geneva found significant differences in end-of-life decisions across Switzerland's three linguistic regions. In all regions, deaths were preceded by one or more end-of-life decisions, with a common legislative framework governing life-sustaining treatment and assisted suicide. The involvement o...
The International Osteoporosis Foundation's new interactive map reveals wide global variation in calcium intake, with low levels prevalent in Asia and Latin America. The map highlights the need for public health strategies to increase calcium intake throughout the lifespan.
A new research project aims to support small-scale fisherman livelihoods while achieving national and international conservation goals. The project builds on the successful Lyme Bay project, which showed that conservation gains can be achieved while benefiting local fishermen.
Research reveals that HIV-1 viruses transmitted from mother to child during delivery are more resistant to maternal antibodies than non-transmitted variants. A new vaccine aims to boost maternal antibody attack, reducing transmission risk during delivery.
A study published in Journal of Affective Disorders found that cannabis can significantly reduce short-term levels of depression, anxiety, and stress. Optimal strains and quantities include one puff high in CBD and low in THC for depression, two puffs of any type for anxiety, and 10 or more puffs high in CBD and high in THC for stress.
Researchers at the University of Virginia Health System used a homemade microscope to reveal the structure of a cancer-causing virus's 'tether' that anchors it to our DNA. This discovery could lead to cures for viral infections like HPV and Epstein-Barr by disrupting the tether.
A new study by Felisa A. Smith et al. found a substantial bias in mammal extinction during human dispersal periods, with species that went extinct being two to three times bigger than surviving mammals. This trend is evident globally and reflects hominin-mammal interactions.
Researchers are investigating various cannabis-related health issues, such as its impact on pregnant women, young people, and those with chronic pain. The studies aim to expand knowledge on the most pressing questions related to the impact of cannabis on health.
The US military is developing a machine-learning tool to help primary care doctors better detect suicide risk and respond more effectively, with an 80-90% accuracy rate. The tool will be integrated into the Navy's electronic health records and provide real-time alerts to doctors.
The Chat Analysis Triage Tool (CATT) uses algorithms to examine word usage and conversation patterns by suspects, identifying language-based differences that can indicate a risk assessment. The tool has the potential to prevent child sexual assault by allowing law enforcement to prioritize cases and respond quickly.
A Mayo Clinic survey found that nearly a third of patients did not use any opioids prescribed after surgery, with only 8% disposing of their remaining medications. The study suggests that patient factors such as age and pain score can influence opioid use, highlighting the need for tailored prescribing guidelines.
A new study reveals that at least 114 plant species from around the world are capable of prolonged dormancy as adult plants, enabling them to survive through difficult times. This behaviour allows them to overcome short-term disadvantages and extend their lives.
Using UT Southwestern's largest lung cancer cell library, researchers identified 170 chemicals that could be developed into treatments for non-small cell lung cancer. The team also found biomarkers to predict patient responses and therapeutic targets, paving the way for personalized cancer care.
A whole-hospital simulation model was used to investigate hospital responsiveness to mass casualty incidents, revealing superlative effects of expanding capacities. Diversion of patients to alternative facilities and modified triage were also found to be crucial in such events.
A study by University of Arizona researcher Caleb Warren found that people perceive those who smile as more genuine and likable. In contrast, being inexpressive can make someone appear cold rather than cool. The researchers tested this theory using advertisements featuring various endorsers, including James Dean.
A new study by University of Kent researchers suggests that young men in Southern Italy who prioritize masculine honour are more likely to engage with criminal organisation members. The research highlights the importance of addressing these values in education programmes aimed at preventing young people's involvement with such groups.