Researchers developed a new personality test that is both faster to take and more resistant to manipulation. The test uses rapid response measurement (RRM) to collect data in a short period of time, making it difficult for users to game the system. Studies found comparable results with established Big Five testing protocols.
The HPTN 074 study demonstrates a significant reduction in mortality and increased antiretroviral therapy usage among participants, leading to improved viral suppression. The integrated intervention combining psychosocial counseling and substance use treatment referrals was associated with enhanced uptake of these services.
A new protein called emicizumab, administered via subcutaneous injection, has shown significant reductions in bleeding episodes in patients with haemophilia A. Weekly and fortnightly dosing regimens have been found to reduce bleed rates by 96% and 97%, respectively.
A team at the Salk Institute has identified a genetic master switch, Sox10, that controls the growth and invasion of aggressive triple-negative breast cancers. This discovery may lead to new avenues for diagnosing and treating intractable cancers by targeting specific genes.
A new international collaboration led by the CNIO reveals that up to 20% of human genes may not be coding genes, but rather non-coding or pseudogenes, which could have significant effects on biomedicine. The study analyzed gene catalogs and found that many genes were more likely to be non-coding than previously thought.
Scientists at the University of Sussex have created a blueprint for airport scanners capable of detecting explosives using a single pixel camera and Terahertz electromagnetic waves. The innovative imaging concept, Nonlinear Ghost Imaging, produces high-accuracy images of objects' chemical composition, surpassing previous studies.
Rutgers researchers discovered a primordial peptide with two types of amino acids and a metal cluster similar to iron-sulfur minerals, suggesting it could have emerged spontaneously on early Earth. The short peptide may have served as a catalyst for life-producing chemistry.
The study analyzed global oil supply data to estimate emissions from flaring and found that it remains the most carbon-intensive part of oil production. Flaring, which involves burning unwanted gas associated with oil extraction, is often used when there are no economically viable outlets for the gas.
Scientists discovered complex genetic rearrangements in Ewing Sarcomas that can take years to form, potentially leading to earlier diagnosis and treatment. These findings suggest that some childhood cancers may be detectable before they reveal themselves as disease.
Researchers at the University of Otago have developed a new approach to achieve centimeter-level precise positioning on smartphones using a combination of signals from four different GNSSs. This technology has the potential to revolutionize applications requiring accurate location information, such as precise car navigation and surveying.
A multinational team led by Lehigh University's Y.C. 'Ethan' Yang develops a comprehensive model to manage the complex interplay between food, energy, and water resources. The project aims to provide a flexible framework to address supply challenges and maintain security for farmers, utilities, and households.
Researchers examined federal payment databases to determine payments made to oncologists who authored studies in high-impact journals. The study found that a substantial proportion of payments were not disclosed, which could lead to bias and influence clinical trial results.
Researchers are mapping the function of specific enzymes that may facilitate the development of new drugs to fight bacterial infections and cancer. The study could also potentially help against neurodegenerative diseases such as autism, Down syndrome, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's.
Researchers observed anomalies in decays of beauty mesons, which may be signs of new physics beyond the Standard Model. The inclusion of long-distance effects increased the significance of these findings, reaching a 6.1 sigma value.
A new study predicts that the number of adults aged 85 and older requiring full-time care will nearly double to 446,000 in England over the next 20 years. Meanwhile, the overall numbers of people needing 24-hour care are expected to rise by more than a third to over 1 million by 2035.
Researchers at UCLA Samueli School of Engineering created a highly efficient thin-film solar cell that generates more energy from sunlight than typical solar panels. The device converts 22.4 percent of incoming energy, surpassing the previous record set in 2015.
A new model developed by scientists at the University of Bristol aims to help farmers tackle multi-million losses due to liver fluke infestations. The model explicitly links liver fluke prevalence with key environmental drivers like soil moisture, enabling farmers to make informed decisions on grazing and treatment.
A simple intervention program increased antiretroviral medication use by 30% among HIV-positive injection-drug users, while also reducing deaths and viral suppression. The flexible program was well-received globally and can be scaled up to improve worldwide health.
In scleroderma, IL-6-producing effector B cells promote fibrosis, while IL-10-producing regulatory B cells suppress inflammation. Administering a BAFF antagonist selectively depletes Beffs while sparing Bregs, suggesting this approach could be a therapeutic strategy for SSc.
A new study predicts that rising insect populations will lead to significant crop losses due to increased metabolic rates and population growth with temperature. Global yield losses for major crops are expected to increase by 10-25% per degree of surface warming, threatening the already fragile global food supply.
A research team at UNIST introduced a novel method to solve issues associated with the thickness of photoactive layers in OSCs, achieving an efficiency of 12.01% using a non-fullerene acceptor.
The study examines the prevalence and types of psychoactive substances used in Albania, revealing a significant increase in drug users since 2012. Cannabis is the most commonly used substance, particularly among young people, while heroin and cocaine also show notable usage.
Rising global temperatures will lead to increased pest pressure and crop losses, especially in temperate regions, with wheat, rice, and maize facing substantial declines. Crop losses are projected to rise by 10-25% per degree of warming, with the most severe impacts expected in countries like France and China.
A recent study published in The Lancet found that armed conflicts across Africa may have resulted in the deaths of as many as 5 million children aged under 5 years between 1995 and 2015. Conflict increased mortality risk for infants and children, particularly those born near conflict zones or exposed to higher-intensity conflicts.
A new study on red junglefowl has found that the ability to learn quickly is heritable, while optimism can be explained by environmental factors. The researchers tested over 300 chicks with various cognitive tasks and found that genetic factors play a larger role in fast-learning abilities.
Researchers at MUSC and Ohio State University have discovered an unexpected mechanism that underlies cardiomyopathy in DMD. Inhibiting NF-κB normalizes calcium handling and significantly increases calcium gene expression, leading to improved heart function.
Typhoon Jebi, a category 4 hurricane, is expected to strengthen and maintain its strength for one and a half days before weakening on September 1. The storm has a small eye and deepening convection, with warm sea surface temperatures and low vertical wind shear favoring continued intensification.
Hurricane Miriam is moving northwestward across the Central Pacific, with maximum sustained winds near 80 mph. The storm is expected to intensify today and then rapidly weaken by Saturday night, remaining far away from land.
Splicing errors can lead to faulty proteins, increasing disease risk. Researchers analyzed 32,000 DNA sequences to understand the rules guiding RNA processing and improve predictions of genetic mutations' impact on disease risk.
A new diagnostic tool has been developed to identify the species of mosquitoes that carry diseases such as Zika virus and dengue. The tool uses a smartphone camera and detects the presence of biopesticide Wolbachia, which helps curb disease transmission. With high accuracy of over 97%, this innovative technology represents a significan...
Researchers found that dominant meerkat breeders exhibit accelerated aging due to the physical and social stresses of leadership, yet they consistently outlive their subordinate counterparts. This study suggests that being a dominant breeder is key to longevity in meerkats.
A new study by Lancaster University highlights the issue of men's invisibility in fertility research, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. The study found that surveys like the Demographic and Health Surveys often exclude or unfairly represent men's experiences, leading to gender inequalities.
Researchers observed hurricane storm tops circling at very low temperatures, indicating intense energy and heavy rainfall potential. These findings provide critical insights into the dynamics of powerful storms.
Researchers discovered a universal phenomenon where all brains are composed of the same wide spectrum of strong and weak links. Dendritic learning enables fast information flow through strong entry points, explaining the stable distribution of link strengths across all brains.
A new study reveals insights into venomous species can lead to targeted drug development for human diseases. Potential advances include therapeutic peptides derived from sea anemones and spider toxins.
Researchers at UVA are developing a new antibody-based approach that combines targeting two receptors on ovarian cancer cells to increase its effectiveness. The approach has shown promising results in lab tests, with antibodies being more than 100 times more effective than existing therapies.
A study published in Arthritis & Rheumatology found that people with obstructive sleep apnea have a higher risk of developing gout. The risk was highest one to two years after diagnosis and was seen in patients with normal body mass index, regardless of weight status.
The article highlights the need for harnessing technology to analyze healthcare data and generate new evidence, which can be combined with published reviews to improve health outcomes. Michigan Medicine's Knowledge Grid platform is taking the lead in transforming biomedical knowledge into computable forms that can inform medical practice.
The study found that religious beliefs can compensate for lost purpose in socially disconnected individuals, but do not restore it to the same level as human connections. People who rely on religion instead of social connections may feel more connected to God but still experience lower levels of purpose and direction in life.
A University of Arizona-led research team analyzed past vegetation changes to project future ecosystem transformations under current warming scenarios. The study found that regions with highest temperature increases since the last ice age experienced dramatic vegetation changes, posing a significant risk to global biodiversity.
A team led by Colorado State University's Steve Simske aims to dismantle illicit supply networks using technology. They plan to use machine learning, analysis of public web sales, and proprietary information to reveal weaknesses in these networks.
Researchers from Far Eastern Federal University have discovered a new group of Kunitz-type peptides in Heteractis magnifica sea anemones, which exhibit neuroprotective properties. The peptides inhibit the development of inflammations and reduce levels of active oxygen forms that cause cell damage.
Researchers have found a way to overcome the barrier that prevents damaged neurons from regrowing after spinal cord injury. By turning back the neurons' clocks and reactivating growth patterns, they were able to reconnect severed spinal cord nerves and induce new axons to regrow across the scarred tissue.
Researchers at Université Laval found that camu camu phytochemicals prevent obesity in mice fed a diet rich in sugar and fat. The extract improved glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and reduced inflammation, suggesting its potential as a natural weight management tool.
A new study projects a 50-100% increase in pest-induced crop losses in European wheat and 30-40% increases in North American maize, even with reduced greenhouse gas emissions. Insect population growth is expected to be fueled by warmer temperatures, leading to significant pressure on grain producers.
KU Leuven scientists found long-lived macrophages in mice intestines that can survive for at least eight months, vital for nerve cell survival. These macrophages play a critical role in maintaining intestinal health, and their dysfunction leads to digestive problems.
The NSF is investing $60 million in a new high-performance computing system, Frontera, at the Texas Advanced Computing Center. The system will offer unprecedented scale and capacity for science and engineering research, enabling leap-ahead discoveries in fields like physics and molecular dynamics.
Researchers computationally predicted unique properties, including room-temperature super-elasticity, in iron arsenide materials. The material's structure collapsed noticeably under pressure, with atomic structures near the calcium and potassium layers collapsing first.
Researchers discovered a link between ANO7 gene mutations and aggressive prostate cancer risk and severity, suggesting improved diagnosis and treatment options. The study found specific genetic mutations that correlated with increased disease risk and poorer survival rates.
Keith E. Whitfield, PhD, is recognized for his contributions to the study of aging and health disparities among older African Americans. He has published extensively on biobehavioral aspects of cognitive aging and has received numerous awards for his mentorship and research.
A new technology to detect corrosion and erosion in pipelines can prevent catastrophic explosions at power plants. Dr. Piero Rizzo's project aims to develop a device that monitors pipeline conditions continuously and remotely.
Frank J. Infurna, PhD, received the GSA's 2018 Baltes Foundation Award for his contributions to behavioral and social gerontology. His research focuses on personal control, resilience, and healthy aging.
Salk Institute researchers found that restricting food intake to a 10-hour window can protect against obesity and metabolic diseases. By controlling the animals' feeding and fasting cycles, they can override their genetically programmed sickness.
The opium poppy's genome has been sequenced to understand its pain-relieving properties, with a notable whole-genome duplication event occurring around 7.8 million years ago.
Researchers developed a predictive model using liquid biopsies and serial blood samples from patients with advanced colorectal cancer treated with anti-EGFR therapies. The model accurately predicted personalized waiting times for disease progression, outperforming traditional tumor genotyping methods.
Researchers found that implementing a standard tetanus protocol in an ICU in Tanzania did not significantly reduce mortality rates, but shifted causes of deaths to airway compromise and sepsis. The study emphasizes the need for increased vaccination coverage to eliminate this preventable disease.
A survey by University of Michigan researchers found that only one in four people would be comfortable with companies getting access to their leftover specimens. Institutions should disclose what money from commercialization deals will be used for, as this can reengage trust and encourage participation.
Researchers at Toronto General Hospital have identified a specific insulin signaling pathway that revs up the response of T cells in the immune system, enabling them to divide rapidly and secrete cytokines. This finding opens avenues for better regulating the immune system and potentially developing new therapies.
Carol Whitlatch, PhD, FGSA, has been recognized with the 2018 M. Powell Lawton Award from the Gerontological Society of America (GSA) for her groundbreaking research on dementia care and caregiving.
Scientists have developed a way to visualize brain cells communicating through neurotransmitters, providing insight into conditions such as Alzheimer's disease and depression. The new lab technique enables the study of poorly understood neurotransmitters like acetylcholine, which affects memory, mood, and emotional regulation.