Researchers at GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel identify Volcano F as the origin of a large pumice raft drifting towards Australia. The team used satellite images and seismic data to confirm the connection between the volcano and the floating rocks.
A new study describes a 480-million-year-old fossil named Athenacrinus broweri, which helps rewrite the family tree of sea lilies. The fossil's arm structure reveals that modern sea lilies evolved from ancient ancestors with plates in their bodies similar to those found in earliest crinoid arms.
Praying mantises use stereoscopic vision to track objects, but also rely on second-order motion detection for prey capture. This ability helps them locate camouflaged prey and enables target tracking.
A new Illinois study found that fall-applied anhydrous ammonia may not meet corn's nitrogen needs. The study showed varying uptake efficiency depending on soil type and crop rotation, with richest soils being lower in nitrogen recovery.
Researchers found that vancomycin alters the gut microbiome to improve the function of dendritic cells, which can help the immune system fight tumors more effectively. The approach has potential implications for a wide variety of cancer types and could lead to a new treatment strategy.
Researchers at The Mount Sinai Hospital have discovered a potential therapy, MS1943, that selectively degrades EZH2 protein in cancer cells. Effective against triple-negative breast cancer, it reduces EZH2 levels and kills cancer cells.
Purdue University engineers develop a way to combine transistors with ferroelectric RAM, overcoming decades-old challenges. The new technology uses alpha indium selenide material to create a semiconductor field-effect transistor that can process and store information.
Scientists have developed a new imaging technique that allows for fast and precise tracking of biological molecules using gold, silver, and gold-silver alloy nanoparticles. This breakthrough enables the visualization of molecular movements in unprecedented detail, opening up new avenues for understanding cellular processes.
Scientists at Peter the Great Saint-Petersburg Polytechnic University create a method of targeted drug delivery to cancer cells using microcapsules made of polymeric compounds and gold nanorods. The technology allows for precise treatment of tumors without harming healthy tissues.
Researchers found that particles in microgravity develop strong electrical charges and stick together, forming large aggregates. This process helps explain how asteroids and planets form in outer space. The study also identifies new approaches for controlling fine particle aggregation in industrial processing.
A unique breeding project at SEA LIFE Sydney Aquarium is designed to save the native White's Seahorse species in Australia. The project, led by Robbie McCracken, has successfully bred and raised six babies, with plans to release them into the wild next year.
Researchers developed a bispecific T-cell engager, AMG 701, to target myeloma cells. Administered with lenalidomide or pomalidomide, it showed promising pre-clinical results in mice implanted with human myeloma cells.
Researchers developed MaSIF, a machine learning-driven method to predict protein interactions and biochemical activity based on surface appearance. The algorithm analyzes chemical and geometric properties of proteins, creating a unique 'fingerprint' for each, enabling the prediction of behavior patterns.
A comprehensive new study by USC marine biologists reveals a stable virus community in the ocean, with constant churning of mutants allowing them to adapt and survive. The findings support the Red Queen hypothesis, suggesting that microbes must constantly evolve to outcompete each other.
The last known tropical glaciers in the West Pacific Warm Pool are at risk of disappearing within a decade. The study found that the Puncak Jaya glaciers in Indonesia lost around 1.05 meters of ice per year between 2010 and 2015, with thinning rates increasing five-fold during strong El Niño events.
Dr. Mone Zaidi has been recognized as an AAAS Fellow for his groundbreaking research on pituitary-metabolic circuits and their impact on body fat, bone mass, and energy metabolism. His work holds strong clinical potential for treating osteoporosis.
A study by Karolinska Institutet researchers identifies a molecular mechanism linking ALS and type 2 diabetes, where immunoglobulin G antibodies target calcium channels in pancreatic beta cells, leading to cell death. The findings suggest altered humoral immunity may be a generalized phenomenon for other neurodegenerative diseases.
A recent review found that aspirin no longer provides a net benefit for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and cancer, despite its long history of reducing heart attack risk. Aspirin use has decreased in recent years due to the emergence of statins and improved cancer screening technology.
Researchers at UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center found that inhibiting PAK4 gene overcomes resistance to anti-PD-1 therapy in preclinical models. Biopsies from patients with melanoma showed high expression of PAK4, correlating with suppressed immune cell infiltration into tumors.
Researchers linked genetic variation in fruit fly mitochondrial genomes to changes in food intake, providing a new tool for studying human metabolic traits. The study used the Drosophila Genetic Reference Panel and identified specific haplotypes associated with increased food consumption.
Climate variability between 1996 and 2017 caused a significant decrease in county-level fishing employment in New England, with an estimated 16% decline. The study highlights the regional impact of climate change on fisheries and suggests that climate may influence fishing employment.
Scientists at ICFO have created a new microscopy technique that allows them to study the dynamics of individual quantum dots without degrading the samples or relying on fluorescent labels. By using laser pulses to promote QDs into excited states, they can image and track the evolution of charged particles within the nanoscale.
Researchers found that Lactobacillus rhamnosus can restore a balanced intestinal microbiome and counter liver damage caused by chronic alcohol consumption. The probiotic effect of the bacteria reduced inflammation and fat accumulation in the liver, indicating potential therapeutic applications for alcohol-induced liver disease.
A new AI algorithm, ConvPath, uses artificial intelligence to classify cell types and quantify spatial distributions in tumor tissue. This allows pathologists to obtain accurate cancer cell analysis in a faster way.
Phages construct an impenetrable compartment to protect their vulnerable DNA from CRISPR and restriction enzymes. This unique mechanism makes them virtually indestructible, with only two jumbo phages showing pan-CRISPR resistance.
Researchers at City, University of London are developing new vibration-control devices based on Formula 1 technology that can reduce the required weight of current TMDs by up to 70%.
A new study published in Annals of Internal Medicine found that extending the HPV vaccination age to include women and men up to 45 would produce small, but significant health benefits. The study used a health economic model to evaluate the added effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of such an extension.
A new study from Boston University School of Public Health found that physical illness and injury increase the risk of suicide in men, but not women. The study used machine learning and health data from Denmark to identify complex factors that may predict suicide.
The discovery of LiaX, a secret protein that alerts bacteria to antibiotic and immune system attacks, opens doors for future treatment options against antibiotic-resistant superbugs. The protein's activation causes restructuring of the bacterial cell, preventing antibiotics from destroying it.
A new study using satellite data from the European Space Agency has provided unprecedented insights into the deep structure of Antarctica. The researchers used special gradient data to analyze the lithosphere, which consists of the crust and the earth's upper mantle below the frozen continent.
Review Commons, launched by ASAPbio and EMBO Press, enables high-quality pre-journal peer review of manuscripts from the life sciences. This platform empowers authors to make informed decisions on paper submission and expedites submission to affiliate journals without restarting reviews.
Scientists have discovered that the unique tiger stripes on Enceladus are caused by tidal forces from Saturn's gravity, which release pressure and prevent the cracks from freezing shut. This allows water to erupt from the fissures, creating a regular spacing pattern.
A new bio-based hybrid foam material has been developed to capture carbon dioxide, offering high efficiency and low operating costs. The material combines zeolites with gelatine and cellulose to create a durable and lightweight substance with excellent CO2-adsorbing properties.
The study investigates the physical forces acting on Enceladus that allow the tiger stripe fissures to form and remain in place. The researchers found that the fissures could have formed on either pole, but the south pole's unique deformation led to their formation.
Researchers have discovered a common genetic link between autism and Tourette's Syndrome, which impairs brain communication. Ketamine or related drugs may be a useful treatment for both conditions.
Researchers used drones to estimate hippo numbers in the Okavango Delta, northern Botswana, and found the method to be just as effective as traditional land surveys. The drone's bird's-eye perspective allowed for accurate counting of individual hippos, even when they were crowded together.
A study by Oregon State University researchers found that preserving temperate forests in the western United States can mitigate climate change through carbon sequestration, while also enhancing biodiversity. The identified forests have medium to high potential for carbon sequestration and low future climate vulnerability.
A new study by the Ausable River Association and Adirondack Watershed Institute reveals that road salt runoff into Mirror Lake prevents natural water turnover, posing a risk to its ecology. The researchers found that high levels of surface-water chloride have created anoxic conditions, limiting habitat availability for native lake trout.
A new device uses acoustic focusing to gather microplastics in water, promising a practical solution to the pollution problem. The device collects particles of different sizes and types with high efficiency, showing promise for future improvements.
A study by Wake Forest School of Medicine identified a dead probiotic strain that reduces age-related leaky gut and inflammation in older mice. The dead probiotic strain, Lactobacillus paracasei D3-5, extended the lifespan of roundworms and improved physical and cognitive functions in mice.
CMAJ's new editor-in-chief, Andreas Laupacis, outlines three priorities for the journal: publishing research relevant to Canadian physicians, expanding nonresearch sections, and increasing patient involvement. He plans to visit universities and healthcare professionals across Canada to gather ideas on improving healthcare.
A Phase II study found that pairing standard chemotherapy azacitidine with the drug enasidenib significantly boosts complete remission in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and IDH2 mutations. The combination therapy was well-tolerated and showed improved overall response rates compared to chemotherapy alone.
The US is experiencing several simultaneous opioid epidemics, including prescription drug, heroin, synthetic opioids, and a syndemic in counties where the crisis first erupted. These distinct challenges require varied policy responses.
A study finds that major political events, especially those aligning with conservative ideologies, are associated with declines in mood among young US physicians. Women were particularly affected by the election results, suggesting a disproportionate impact of sexist discourse.
A Japanese study of 63,232 patients with cancer and controls found a linear association between alcohol consumption and increased cancer risk. Those who drank two or fewer drinks per day had an elevated cancer risk regardless of how long they had consumed alcohol.
A team of physicists and cardiologists at Imperial College London have developed a model that explains the chaotic electrical signals underlying irregular heart rhythms. The model predicts which patients are unlikely to benefit from surgery and could lead to more targeted and successful treatments.
A study published in Nature Astronomy found 19 dwarf galaxies dominated by baryons at radii beyond their half-optical radius, challenging standard galaxy formation models. The results encourage a reevaluation of dark matter's nature.
A research team at Toyohashi University of Technology has developed a donut-shaped kirigami device for EMG recordings, reducing device displacement on large deformable muscle surfaces. The device enables accurate and robust signal acquisition, offering potential for prosthesis control in amputees.
A new theoretical model predicts how protons will collide with hydrogen atoms in high-energy collisions, validating some previous conclusions while revealing discrepancies. The model has the potential to advance our understanding of plasma behavior and its application in realizing clean energy sources.
Researchers at University of Technology Sydney developed a novel ground anchor technology to protect bridges against catastrophic earthquakes. The system uses high-tensile capacity steel cables, embedded into the ground behind the bridge, to deliver incredible strength and energy dissipation.
Scientists have discovered a unique neutron star with an apparent magnetic field structure that manifests itself under specific angles relative to the observer. The study provides insight into the internal structure of the magnetic field, contradicting earlier assumptions and revealing new properties of neutron stars.
A study by IIASA researchers found that the risk of simultaneous breadbasket failures due to climatic extremes has increased over time, with potential consequences for food price spikes and famine. The analysis suggests a need for more efficient allocation of resources to contingency plans and strategic crop reserves.
Researchers from the University of South Australia have developed a new version of the Mediterranean diet incorporating lean pork, which delivers cognitive benefits while catering to Western tastes. The Med-Pork diet outperforms low-fat diets in delivering higher cognitive processing speeds and emotional functioning.
A new study published in Nature Scientific Reports suggests that increasing carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology could play a significant role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The research estimates that there is enough space in the world's nearshore continental margins to store 6-7 gigatons of CO2 annually by 2050, and tha...
A team of researchers from Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf has gained new insights into water electrolysis, aiming to enhance the environmental impact of hydrogen-based technologies. The findings offer a possible starting point for improving the efficiency of this process.
Researchers found that over half of patients with reported penicillin allergies could take antibiotics from the same drug class, reducing hospital costs by nearly $21,500. The study's results suggest a multi-disciplinary approach to optimizing therapy in patients with penicillin allergies.
Researchers propose an alternative view of classical physics, suggesting that the future of an object is genuinely random after a certain number of interactions. This challenges the traditional view of determinism in classical physics and opens up new insights on the relationship between classical and quantum physics.
The study aims to understand how infectious, psychological and physical stressors impact the immune system, lifespan and aging process in humans. By using domestic mice co-housed with lab mice, researchers hope to develop new insights into guarding against reactivation of cytomegalovirus late in life.
New studies reveal a link between natural foodborne toxins and vaccine resistance, as well as increased risk of cancers, cardiovascular and neurological illnesses. Aflatoxin and lead contamination pose significant threats to public health worldwide.
A new study found that megadroughts in the Andes led to widespread deforestation and maize farming in the Laguna de los Cóndores region. However, as climate conditions normalized, forests reclaimed the area, and sediment samples showed an improvement in water quality.