A new national study led by Columbia University aims to understand barriers to minority group participation in genetic studies and support policies to create a more diverse genetic database. The four-year study will analyze diversity and inclusion practices at academic medical centers across the US.
A University of Queensland researcher calls for the PBS to update its restrictions on anti-epileptic drugs to ensure safe and up-to-date clinical practice. The current system fosters outdated prescribing practice and suboptimal care.
Research suggests that PI3K inhibitors, a new class of cancer drugs, may cause an increase in pre-cancerous lesions in the pancreas of mice fed high-fat diets. The findings urge doctors to consider a patient's weight before prescribing these drugs, especially for those with pancreatic cancer who are obese.
Researchers at UCLouvain discovered that consuming Akkermansia bacteria in the form of a food supplement can prevent deterioration of health status and lower inflammation markers. The study found improvements in cholesterol levels, body weight, and metabolic parameters in volunteers with pre-diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors.
Researchers used stem cells and optochemogenetics to treat mice after a stroke, showing improved recovery. The combination of stem cell injection and stimulation increased successful recovery rates.
The neuroimaging community has made significant strides in collecting large-scale datasets, but many contain insufficient data for reliable measures of brain connectivity. Increasing reliability can dramatically reduce sample size requirements, improving the field's ability to detect effects and address reproducibility concerns.
Scientists found that kinetic factors play a crucial role in calcium carbonate formation, especially in saline environments. The researchers' study suggests that considering both thermodynamics and kinetics can lead to more accurate predictions of mineral formation rates.
A comprehensive review by Mount Sinai experts aims to help clinicians understand medical issues relevant to transgender people, addressing the biggest barrier to care - lack of knowledgeable providers. Recommendations include determining transgender identity, prescribing hormone therapy, and updating electronic medical records.
A recent study published in Trends in Ecology and Evolution reveals the alarming impact of bark beetles on timberlands across Central Europe and North America. The beetles' population growth is linked to climate change, which exacerbates the problem by weakening German timberlands.
A University of Michigan study finds that poor communication among healthcare workers is a major contributor to catheter-related infections. The researchers suggest that routine patient care like catheter use can have serious consequences if communication breaks down.
Researchers at QNS have developed a technique to visualize the magnetic field of single atoms with unprecedented resolution. This breakthrough enables the mapping of spin distribution in complex structures such as molecules and magnetic materials.
Tropical Storm Barbara formed on June 30, intensifying with heaviest rainfall rates northeast of its center. The Global Precipitation Measurement mission detected rain falling at 41 mm/hour, part of a band of thunderstorms surrounding the low-level center.
A UCI-led study finds that 'committed' carbon dioxide emissions from existing infrastructure could reach up to 658 gigatons of CO2 if not phased out. This would jeopardize international climate goals set by the Paris accords unless drastic measures are taken.
Researchers found that Medicare beneficiaries with high annual drug spending may pay more out-of-pocket for generics than brands if they use expensive specialty drugs. The study's lead author argues that policy changes are needed to address the issue and ensure generic drug users aren't overpaying.
Astronomers have discovered a large amount of warm gas ejected in the Great Eruption of Eta Carinae, revealing an astonishingly different ultraviolet-light image. The newly revealed gas is important for understanding how the eruption began and could be used to study other stars and gaseous nebulas.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine have identified a new pathway that works as a partner to MYC and may be its Achilles' Heel. By blocking the ATF4 gene, cancer cells produce too much protein and die due to stress. This finding could lead to a new therapeutic approach using existing inhibitors.
Researchers found a significant increase in the number of leatherback nests in Espírito Santo, Brazil, from 25.6 to 89.8 between 1988 and 2017. The gentle recovery is attributed to local conservation efforts, but the population still faces threats from climate change, pollution, and coastal development.
A coalition of countries aims to phase out unabated coal power, but analysis shows limited emissions reductions. The Powering Past Coal Alliance's expansion is hindered by economic and political difficulties in major coal-consuming nations like China and India.
A study found that blood pressure self-monitoring helps patients with hypertension adhere to exercise programs, leading to greater physical activity. By measuring their own blood pressure, patients can see the immediate effects of exercise and stay motivated, even after the supervised program ends.
A new report highlights edible insects as a viable option for meeting growing global demand for food in a sustainable way. The benefits of increasing insect consumption have been explored, but technological and processing approaches are needed to overcome commercialization barriers.
A study found that plant volatile organic compounds like linalool influence insect behavior in complex environments, with varying effects depending on the genetic background of the plants. The research suggests that context plays a crucial role in understanding chemical signals in nature.
Researchers found that people shared informational tweets about cervical cancer prevention significantly more than personal-experience tweets. Organization senders were more likely to share content, regardless of type.
Analysis finds whole US ecosystems shifting dramatically north over nearly 50 years, with significant implications for land management. The study uses bird distribution data to quantify ecosystem shifts and identifies three distinct ecosystem boundaries.
A UC Riverside study found that electronic cigarettes produce a stress response in neural stem cells, leading to cell death or disease. The research identifies a protective response mechanism called SIMH, which can accelerate aging and lead to neurodegenerative diseases.
Research suggests that primary care physicians trained in dermatoscopy can detect melanoma earlier and more accurately, reducing the need for invasive biopsies. The study found that a dermatoscope can improve diagnosis by four times compared to unaided eye inspection.
A new poll suggests that many grandparents are storing their medications in easy-to-reach places, posing a risk of accidental poisoning or intentional misuse. The poll found that nearly 80% of grandparents keep their medications in the same place as usual when their grandchildren visit, and 72% store them in purses or bags.
A study by the National Cancer Institute found a clear dose-response relationship between radioactive iodine treatment and long-term risk of death from solid cancers, including breast cancer. The study estimated that for every 1,000 patients treated with standard doses, about 20-30 additional solid cancer deaths would occur.
Researchers have developed a novel method to detect defaulting participants in contract-based demand response programs by leveraging sparse reconstruction. By analyzing limited data from smart meters and applying an iterative improvement technique, the proposed method enables accurate detection of failure sources with minimal inspections.
Researchers at the University of Lincoln's National Centre for Food Manufacturing have developed new methods to dehydrate fruit and vegetables, producing flours that can be used in bakery and snack products. This technology extends shelf life and reduces food waste.
Research finds that wood products globally mitigate only 1% of annual carbon emissions, but countries with large timber industries like Sweden can offset up to 9%. Wood product carbon sequestration is sensitive to economic conditions, and the current UN guidelines create a gap in accounting for uncounted carbon.
A team of UCI researchers, led by Kai Kessenbrock and Devon Lawson, will compile a high-resolution atlas of human breast tissue cell types and states. The project aims to document the intricate complexity of normal tissue homeostasis and disease, leading to new insights into breast cancer origins.
Dr. Baozhong Wang is developing a multivalent layered nanocluster vaccine that can act against multiple influenza virus strains, using conserved antigenic proteins from both A and B viruses. The goal is to induce broadly reactive immune responses providing cross-protection against both influenza A and B viruses.
A new study using the Keck Cosmic Web Imager has provided the clearest evidence yet that filaments of cool gas spiral into young galaxies, explaining how they can make stars on fast timescales. The observations suggest a cold-flow model of galaxy formation, where cool gas flows directly into forming galaxies and is converted into stars.
A peer-reviewed survey of 1,000 people in Colorado found that 80% of cannabis users for pain relief also stopped using prescription painkillers. Additionally, 84% of those using cannabis to aid sleep reported a reduction or stoppage of over-the-counter or prescription sleep aids.
A new study found that one in five US adults experience harm because of someone else's drinking, with women more likely to report financial and family problems. Heavy drinking was linked to increased risk of harassment, threats, and driving-related harm.
A survey of UK parliamentarians found that they are more likely to have mental health issues, including depression and low self-worth, compared to the general public. The survey also revealed a lack of awareness about confidential support services, making it difficult for MPs to seek help.
ORNL scientists create porous carbon structures from waste soft drinks to capture CO2 emissions. They also discover a practical way to share secret messages among three parties using laser light for improved cybersecurity. Additionally, researchers develop high-performance polymers for next-generation lithium-ion batteries
Researchers at City College of New York led by biologist Hysell V. Oviedo published a breakthrough study on the inner workings of the brain's language processing in Nature Communications. The study sheds light on miswiring of brain circuits in neurodevelopmental communication disorders, with potential to improve diagnosis and treatment.
A global evolutionary regime shift around 170 million years ago changed the success of organisms living in the ocean. Biological factors such as predator-prey relationships became increasingly important after the emergence of calcium carbonate-secreting plankton, stabilizing ocean chemistry and enabling diverse marine life.
Researchers developed a new computational method using neural networks to simulate open quantum systems, predicting properties of large-scale quantum systems. This approach addresses the challenges of simulating intrinsically complex tasks with exponentially growing computational power.
A mechanism for bicyclic silicon tricarbide formation has been identified in the circumstellar envelopes of carbon stars. Electronically excited silicon atoms react with allene and methylacetylene to form SiC3H2, which is then converted into c-SiC3 via stellar wind and UV light
Researchers at Iowa State University have demonstrated the ability to control macroscopic supercurrents using terahertz light, a breakthrough that could lead to faster and more efficient quantum computers. This discovery opens up new avenues for electromagnetic design of emergent materials properties and collective coherent oscillations.
A University of Birmingham study found nearly one in eight homeless individuals received support for substance dependence, while nearly one in five had access to alcohol misuse treatment. The study also identified a high prevalence of infectious hepatitis C among the homeless population.
A study of 18,805 patients treated with radioactive iodine found a modest association between higher doses and increased risk of solid cancer death, including breast cancer. The analysis has limitations due to uncertainties in organ dose estimates and small sample sizes.
Researchers analyzed payroll-based staffing data for over 15,000 US nursing homes, finding that 54% of facilities met expected staffing levels less than 20% of the time. Weekend staffing was particularly low, with an average of just 17 minutes per resident day for RNs.
Researchers at Oregon State University have discovered a copper compound that improves the condition of mice with damaged motor neurons, potentially slowing ALS progression. The study builds on previous findings and suggests a broader neuroprotective role for copper-ATSM beyond mutant SOD models of ALS.
DNA damaged by cisplatin is mostly fixed within two circadian cycles in noncancerous tissue, with repair of transcribed genes dominating the first 48 hours. This knowledge could aid the design of successful chronochemotherapies to reduce toxicity and target cancer cells.
A team created a method that allows three people to work together to solve a problem using only their minds. The BrainNet system uses electroencephalography caps and a brain-to-brain interface to transmit signals between participants, enabling them to collaborate on tasks like playing Tetris.
Researchers using the radio telescope ALMA have detected a galaxy in the early Universe 13 billion years ago, which is actually two galaxies merging together. The team observed signals of oxygen, carbon, and dust from the galaxy B14-65666, providing the earliest evidence of merging galaxies yet discovered.
A team of chemists at the University of Münster has developed a strategy for generating random hits in a systematic way, discovering new reactions and gaining deeper understanding of molecular processes. The study identified three previously unknown reactions, including a photochemical cycloaddition.
A new study from the University of Göttingen reveals that Fairtrade certification benefits employees in agricultural cooperatives, but not smallholder farm workers who are often disadvantaged. The study found no effects on the livelihoods of farmworkers despite improved wages and labor conditions for cooperative employees.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory discovered that pancreatic cancer cells destroy their own mitochondria to reduce reactive oxygen species and proliferate. Inhibiting the NIX pathway may prevent cancer cells from using energy to proliferate, offering a promising new target for therapies.
A new biomarker in urine helps detect aggressive prostate cancer, improving detection accuracy and reducing unnecessary treatments. The noninvasive test was found to accurately identify high-risk individuals and achieved similar accuracy as invasive tissue-based tests.
About 30% of nursing home residents are obese, requiring special care and accommodations such as wheelchairs and lifts. A five-year study will identify best practices in caring for obese residents and develop a toolkit to help nursing homes meet their needs.
A new Stanford study shows that wake-steering can improve the quantity and quality of power from wind farms, increasing overall power output by up to 47% in low wind speeds. Wake steering also reduces the variability of power production, making it easier for grid operators to manage supply and demand.
A team of international experts agrees that Oumuamua, the first recorded interstellar visitor, has natural origins. The research team reviewed available evidence and found properties consistent with objects in our own solar system. Oumuamua's orbit and path match predictions made by Jedicke and his colleagues before its discovery.
Researchers found that solar storms become more complex as the Sun's 11-year activity cycle reaches its maximum. The study could help improve forecasting of potentially hazardous space weather events with devastating consequences for modern technologies.
A study published in Nature Climate Change suggests that conserving a wide range of coral habitats is the best approach to protect these ecosystems from climate change. This strategy recognizes that corals can adapt rapidly to changing conditions, but also emphasizes the importance of protecting diverse habitats to provide future refug...
A new study found that while the New York Sepsis Initiative improved overall sepsis care, hospitals treating mainly white patients saw greater increases in protocol compliance than those serving more black patients. This disparity raises concerns about the potential exacerbation of racial disparities in healthcare.
A new study reveals that electric propulsion for orbit raising can cause significant solar cell degradation due to space weather exposure. Satellites using this method may experience a 8% reduction in output power after a radiation storm, similar to spending 15 years at geostationary orbit.