A new study predicts a 36% global increase in invasive insect species by 2050, with Europe and Asia experiencing the strongest invasions. This research provides a baseline for assessing future biological invasions, enabling proactive measures to contain their spread.
Researchers at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) have discovered that noble metal clusters are more reactive than individual atoms, allowing for improved removal of exhaust gases. The clusters exhibit optimal structure for high activity, enabling the development of catalysts with enhanced stability and long-term performance.
Researchers from the Event Horizon Telescope collaboration used the first horizon-scale image of a black hole to test general relativity, deepening understanding of black holes and ruling out many alternatives. The study found that the size of the black hole shadow corroborates the predictions of general relativity.
The MAP Congress 2020 aimed to answer the critical question of how to integrate tumour sample analysis into daily practice. Key findings highlighted actionable mutations in patient DNA for personalized treatment, with expert guidance on molecular targeting and biomarkers.
A new study published in JAMA Cardiology found that 30,000 out of every 100,000 stress tests performed each year were unnecessary for patients undergoing knee and hip replacement surgeries. Despite a decrease in overall stress testing since 2006, the study highlights the need for educational initiatives to improve the utilization of me...
A new study reveals that nanoparticles can damage human cells when combined, even if individual types do not cause harm. Researchers call for more studies on the effects of lifelong exposure to nanoparticles, which are used in various products and manufacturing processes.
A new study published in Transplantation found that organ transplant recipients are at a higher risk of death from COVID-19 due to the use of hydroxychloroquine treatment. The study examined data from COVID-19 positive adult solid organ transplant recipients and non-transplant patients matched by age, race, and hospital admission status.
A recent study published in Aging and Mental Health suggests that wisdom is a strong protective factor against loneliness. The research, conducted in both San Diego and Cilento, Italy, found a significant inverse correlation between loneliness and wisdom across different age groups.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet discovered that stem cells in the mouse spinal cord can form new oligodendrocytes, essential for neuronal signal transmission, to help repair damaged tissue. This finding indicates a conceptually new strategy for stimulating repair after nervous system damage.
Project EARTH aims to separate and recycle hydrofluorocarbon refrigerants, reducing their global-warming potential. The US market for recycling refrigerants is valued at over $1 billion, with eliminating high-GWP refrigerants equivalent to eliminating 175 million metric tons of carbon dioxide.
The AGA Fecal Microbiota Transplantation National Registry reported that FMT led to a cure of C. difficile infection in 90% of patients across 20 North American FMT practice sites, with few serious side effects. The study included 259 patients enrolled between December 2017 and September 2019.
Hubble observed SN 2018gv in February 2018 to precisely measure the universe's expansion rate. The supernova serves as a 'milepost marker' to calculate galaxy distances and fundamental values needed for measuring space expansion.
A recent study published in CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians found that little effort has been made to increase older adult participation in cancer clinical trials, despite the disproportionate impact of cancer on this age group. The researchers called for a more inclusive approach, recommending that trials ask targeted questions an...
The University of Maine will host the 27th NSF EPSCoR National Conference in November 2021 with a focus on 'translating stakeholder needs into impactful research outcomes.' The conference aims to increase research capacity and advance STEM education in jurisdictions that have historically received limited funding from NSF.
A University of Ottawa study suggests non-suicidal self-injury is contagious among teenagers, with those knowing someone who has harmed themselves twice as likely to try it. The study found over 1,400 Ontario teens aged 14-17 were more likely to harm themselves if they knew someone who had.
A recent investigation found that 736 sailors who were isolated after a COVID-19 outbreak on the USS Theodore Roosevelt experienced a range of symptoms and had varying outcomes. The study revealed that some sailors developed severe illness, while others showed mild or no symptoms.
The RIT Cary Graphic Arts Collection is preserving a rare collection of Hebrew wood types used by the Jewish-American press at the turn of the 20th century. The collection includes sets from one of the longest-running Yiddish daily newspapers still in publication, The Forward.
A new study finds that integrating terrestrial and freshwater conservation planning doubles protection of tropical freshwater ecosystems. This approach can increase freshwater species protection by up to 600% with only a 1% reduction in terrestrial species protection.
Researchers developed a new microwave radiation sensor with 100,000 times higher sensitivity than currently available sensors, enabling improved thermal imaging and detection of electromagnetic signals. The technology has potential applications in quantum sensing, radar, and the search for dark matter.
Researchers at NTNU found that handwriting creates more activity in the brain's sensorimotor parts, leading to better learning and memory. The study suggests that children should receive minimum handwriting training to develop their cognitive skills.
Researchers at University of Reading and Newcastle University found planaria can be used as a reliable alternative for testing topical skin products without harming animals. The use of fluorescent dye mixed with potential skin products shows accurate interaction with living tissue.
A new study predicts that alien species will continue to spread globally at an alarming rate, increasing by 36% worldwide by 2050. In Europe, the number of alien species is expected to rise by 64%, with over 2,500 new arrivals predicted.
A new study from Lehigh University College of Business professor Charles E. Stevens found that firms taking a third approach to managing corruption in developing countries, known as an 'engagement strategy', are successful due to deeper long-term commitments and partnerships.
Researchers at Harvard Medical School have discovered a key control mechanism that allows cells to self-organize in early embryonic development. By studying the expression of unique combinations of adhesion molecules, the team found that these 'adhesion codes' determine which cells prefer to stay connected and how strongly they do so.
Researchers found high variability in DNA changes between individuals, suggesting a wide range of factors influence bladder cancer development. A new mutational signature linked to smoking was also identified, shedding light on why tobacco is the single greatest risk factor for bladder cancer.
Researchers found that iodic acid triggers new aerosol particle formation events, leading to cloud condensation nuclei and potentially altering clouds' radiative properties. The team's findings provide greater insight into biogeochemical processes for cloud formation over the Arctic pack ice.
A surge in COVID-19 research submissions has led to a wave of retracted papers and concerns about data integrity, posing significant risks to patients and clinicians. The rapid pace of research raises questions about quality checks and ethical oversight.
Researchers at Hokkaido University discovered that carbon-carbon covalent bonds can expand and contract flexibly, a new phenomenon that could confer unique properties on organic compounds. The study found that these flexible bonds exhibit reversible expansion and contraction in response to external stimuli.
A recent study found that Medicaid expansion under the ACA significantly reduced long-term home health care and nursing home use among newly eligible low-income adults and older adults. The study suggests that increased access to healthcare led to better management of chronic conditions, resulting in lower rates of institutional care.
Researchers at Princeton University developed a tool to uncover potential biases in visual data sets, such as stereotypical images and underrepresentation. The tool, REVISE, uses statistical methods to inspect data sets for object-based, gender-based, and geography-based biases.
Researchers find that cell adhesion proteins and a gradient of signaling molecule Sonic Hedgehog work together to create precise sorting of cells into domains. By combining experiments from biophysics, genetics, and developmental biology, the team successfully solves the puzzle of how patterns are created in developing organisms.
A new investigation by Science reveals that the FDA's enforcement of clinical trial regulations is often light-handed, slow-moving, and secretive. The agency rarely levels sanctions or disqualifies scientists from clinical research, and cases are frequently resolved based on unverified claims.
A study by University of Notre Dame researchers found over 100 million Zika virus infections went undetected between 2015 and 2018. The team's findings highlight the need for improved surveillance systems to track transmission, especially in regions with high asymptomatic infection rates.
A recent study published in the Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry has found no connection between Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) and psychiatric problems in children. In contrast, children with IGD symptoms showed lower anxiety levels two years later, potentially due to social interactions or gaming as a distraction.
A UNICEF study reports that 800 million children have high lead values in their blood, posing permanent brain damage risks. The study highlights the need for international measures to address lead exposure, particularly among marginalized groups.
Researchers at Pennington Biomedical Research Center will investigate how the SGK1 enzyme regulates beta-cell mass when more insulin is needed. The study aims to understand how beta-cell growth mechanisms influence insulin release, potentially leading to new medications for diagnosing and treating metabolic diseases.
A University of Sydney-led study found that human-operated Twitter accounts dominate vaccine-related discussions, with most users unlikely to see or engage with bot-generated content. The researchers suggest that resources could be better spent on education interventions and media literacy training.
A systematic review found that hospitalized COVID-19 patients have a high risk of developing venous thromboembolism (VTE), with ICU patients at the highest risk. The study estimated that up to 28% of critically ill patients may develop deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism.
Researchers propose endotracheal aspirates as an attractive alternative to invasive bronchoalveolar lavage for diagnosing ventilator-associated pneumonia. The study revealed that ETA is functionally diverse and highly enriched in proteins involved in immunity, suggesting its potential to detect lung infection earlier and more accurately.
Researchers used black hole images to test Einstein's general relativity, identifying modifications that cannot be significantly different from the theory. The new analysis provides a tighter gauge for testing gravity theories, constraining deviations from general relativity even further.
Researchers found that feeding C-section newborns their mother's feces in breast milk builds a healthier gut microbiome, similar to those born vaginally. The babies' immune systems mature rapidly after receiving the fecal microbiota transplant, suggesting a potential reduction in asthma and allergy risk.
A study found that participants in an eight-week MBSR course reported significant improvements in pain, depression, and disability. The program helped patients cope with their pain and improve their mental and physical health.
Researchers at Gladstone Institutes have mapped the genetic networks that control regulatory T cells, which act as a brake to suppress immune reactions. The findings could lead to therapies that strengthen or weaken the function of these cells to treat cancer and autoimmune diseases.
Researchers at Graz University of Technology have created a redox-active electrolyte material using vanillin, replacing ecologically harmful heavy metals or rare earths in liquid batteries. The technology is an important step towards sustainable energy storage and has potential applications in renewable energy expansion and grid relief.
A study by Spanish researchers found that women with incident, proliferative benign breast disease are at a nearly four-fold increased risk of developing breast cancer compared to those with no BBD. The study analyzed data from over 629,000 women and recommends personalized screening strategies based on individual risk factors.
A new survey among vascular access and emergency department clinicians reveals clinically meaningful differences in ultrasound-guided peripheral IV (UGPIV) procedures and supplies. The study highlights the urgent need for standardized and consistent UGPIV practices to minimize contamination and promote patient safety.
A study by Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona found that social isolation exacerbates hyperactivity, anxiety, and asymmetric brain atrophy in mice with Alzheimer's disease. Isolation also affects fine motor skills and emotional patterns, highlighting the need for personalized interventions.
A 15-year study found that non-Hispanic white children are more likely to use insulin pumps than non-Hispanic Black children, exacerbating racial disparities in type 1 diabetes outcomes. Researchers emphasize the need for interventions to address these disparities and promote equitable care.
Researchers at Stanford University have identified patterns in blue whale songs that indicate migration from feeding grounds to breeding grounds. The study uses advanced recording technologies to analyze whale song wavelengths, revealing a distinct change over several months.
Researchers discovered that iodide levels increase in people's and animals' blood during severe stress, such as trauma or hibernation. This finding could lead to new treatments for traumatic injuries and COVID-19 by harnessing the body's natural response to stress.
A research team at Kobe University has identified 'social cells' in the brain related to social behavior, including Social-ON cells that activate during social interactions. The study found that these cells were active when a stranger mouse was present, regardless of location.
Researchers found that postnatal fecal microbiota transplantation can restore normal gut microbiota development in C-section infants. The study showed that treatment had no negative effects and improved microbiota composition compared to untreated C-section born infants.
The Ezintsha study found that newer regimens containing dolutegravir and tenofovir alafenamide demonstrate a large increase in weight, especially in women. The study showed that all three regimens were potent and well-tolerated by patients, but the newer regimens had more side effects and resistance benefits over older regimens.
Researchers found that reinforcing bushing systems with steel stiffeners reduces damage by up to 33-55%, resulting in lower costs for repairs and recovery. The study provides new insights into mitigating the impact of earthquake damage on power networks.
Researchers discover that the proteins transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) promote the development of cancer-associated fibroblasts, contributing to tumor progression. TGF-β induces endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndMT), a process involving the conversion of endothelial cells to CAFs.
Scientists found that some COVID-19 antibodies provide stronger protection than others against reinfection, but not all individuals who have had the disease generate neutralizing antibodies. The study aims to answer how much neutralizing antibody is needed to prevent infection or reinfection.
A survey of 28 experts in vaccinology predicts that a publicly available COVID-19 vaccine may not be available before the fall of 2021. The majority of experts believe that the best-case scenario is a vaccine becoming available next summer, with some predicting it may take until 2022.
Researchers found that SARS-CoV-2's spike protein can suppress pain signaling pathways, leading to reduced pain relief in COVID-19 patients. This discovery may help explain why many people with COVID-19 experience few or no symptoms despite being contagious.
Researchers found fossil evidence of ice age manatees in Texas, dating back to 11,000 to 240,000 years ago. The discovery suggests that manatees may have had a stable presence on the Texas coast during this time period.
Researchers found that recurrent ice discharges from the Cordilleran ice sheet in the North Pacific contributed to global climate disturbances, including changes in deep ocean circulation and retreat of ice sheets in the North Atlantic. The study challenges theories that these events originated in the North Atlantic.