A University of Michigan-led team has produced a synthetic microparticle with a twisted, spiky structure that surpasses nature's complexity. The particles show promise for improving fluid-and-particle mixes and could lead to new technologies in holographic projectors and biosensors.
A new unbonded carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) method for strengthening steel structures has been developed by researchers at Toyohashi University of Technology. This approach enhances buckling performance without the need for surface treatments, resulting in cost savings and improved structural integrity.
A new optical imaging technology developed by Purdue University researchers may improve outcomes for patients with cancer and brain diseases. The technology uses contrast in light absorption to locate tumors and study neuron activation, providing more detailed information than current methods.
A study combining 47 studies with 23,000 participants estimated that cannabis withdrawal syndrome affects approximately 8% of individuals who stop using the substance. The syndrome's symptoms include irritability, nervousness or anxiety, depression, and headache.
Pulsed electromagnetic field therapy significantly decreases prostate volume and improves lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Men without metabolic syndrome benefit most from the treatment.
A new high-resolution melting analysis-based test (HRM) has been developed to improve the diagnosis of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), a condition affecting approximately five percent of women. The test is accurate, rapid, and cost-effective, offering better value than current genetic testing methods.
A new study finds deep flaws in EPA's benefit-cost analysis supporting a proposed rule to roll back Mercury and Air Toxics Standards. The analysis ignores scientific evidence and economic best practice, failing to account for recent science and changes in electricity generation.
A novel clinical trial using the REMAP-CAP platform aims to rapidly test multiple treatment approaches for COVID-19. The UPMC-REMAP-COVID19 trial will integrate with electronic health records, allowing doctors to prescribe treatments quickly and efficiently.
A University of Houston engineer is developing a system capable of supporting 5G infrastructure, enabling faster speeds and greater bandwidth. The $1.7 million grant-funded project aims to improve radio frequency communication capacity and advance power electronics to support the demands of 5G networks.
A clinical trial is underway to evaluate the effectiveness of chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, and azithromycin in treating patients with severe COVID-19. The study aims to determine whether these medications can decrease the severity or duration of respiratory symptoms.
Experts argue for a more experimental approach to biosecurity governance, focusing on systematically evaluating effectiveness and limitations of current solutions. This shift could help address previously unknown security concerns created by advancements in biological sciences like CRISPR and synthetic genomics.
A first-in-human study of a drug candidate targeting brain inflammation has shown promising results, supporting its further development for treating acute brain injuries. The study, conducted by a team from the University of Kentucky and other institutions, found that MW189 was safe and well-tolerated in healthy volunteers.
Researchers have successfully measured wind speed on a brown dwarf, an object intermediate in mass between a planet and a star. The study found that the brown dwarf's atmosphere is rotating faster than its interior, with a calculated wind speed of about 1425 miles per hour.
Researchers found that mantis shrimps rely on external cues from the sun, followed by polarization patterns in light, before using their internal navigation system when other options are unavailable. These findings provide new insights into the complex behaviors of these fascinating creatures.
Researchers from RIKEN developed transportable optical lattice clocks to make precise measurements of time dilation effect, validating Einstein's theory of general relativity. The study uses clocks on the base and top of the Tokyo Skytree tower to demonstrate a significant difference in clock speed due to gravity
Researchers from Western Australian Museum and Schmidt Ocean Institute discover a 150-foot siphonophore and up to 30 new species in the abyssal deep sea canyons off Ningaloo. The expedition, led by Dr. Nerida Wilson, used an underwater robot to explore depths of up to 4,500 meters.
Scientists have found that liquid meltwater from Greenland's glaciers can flow deep below the ice sheet during winter, raising questions about sea-level rise and future climate change. This discovery highlights the need for year-round Arctic hydrological investigations to understand how meltwater moves through the ice sheet.
Analyses of four fossilized molars found in Peruvian Amazon reveal a new primate lineage, Ucayalipithecus perdita, with features distinct from the known Platyrrhini. This discovery suggests that another group of primates may have crossed the Atlantic Ocean around 35-32 million years ago, settling in the New World.
A hybrid material has been developed that can detect a broad range of light wavelengths, from ultraviolet to near infrared, due to its small bandgap. The material's electronic properties were investigated, revealing promising results for optoelectronic applications.
A new study suggests that rare, damaging inherited mutations can have a significant impact on an individual's healthspan and longevity. Researchers found that people with more ultra-rare protein-truncating variants (PTVs) had shorter lifespans and healthspans, with each additional variant accounting for a six-month reduction in lifespa...
Researchers at Nagoya University have discovered a hormone produced in nitrogen-starved leaves that regulates the demand and supply of nitrogen between plant shoots and roots. The hormone, CEPDL2, enhances nitrate uptake efficiency, potentially minimizing fertilizer use.
Dopamine plays a critical role in regulating gene expression, particularly in the context of cocaine abuse. Histone dopaminylation affects brain regions involved in motivation and reward behavior.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed a technique that uses laser-texturing to create nanoscale patterns on metal surfaces, instantly killing bacteria and viruses. The technology has potential applications in medical devices such as orthopedic implants and wearable patches for chronic wounds.
The TCIHM COVID-19 Support Registry will characterize care, report indications of potential value or harm, and inform future treatments. Led by the Helfgott Research Institute, the registry is backed by over a dozen practitioner organizations and aims to provide valuable insights into integrative health practices during the pandemic.
Researchers at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia have identified a genetic variation responsible for driving IBD development. The study found that the rs1887428 SNP alters gene expression in the JAK2 pathway, which is also targeted by immunotherapies.
Researchers have successfully 3D printed coral-inspired structures that can grow dense populations of microscopic algae, up to 100 times more densely than natural corals. This breakthrough could lead to the development of efficient bioreactors for producing algae-based biofuels and help restore coral reefs.
Researchers discovered that a type of junk DNA in mosquitoes orchestrates the start of their life by regulating the activity of other RNA molecules. The breakdown of maternal RNA is essential for further development and is controlled by the stuttering DNA.
Tropical Cyclone Harold generated heavy rain due to cloud top temperatures as cold as minus 80 degrees Fahrenheit, indicating strong storms. NASA's IMERG algorithm provided near-real-time precipitation estimates, helping gain a greater understanding of major storms.
Researchers developed graphene-based sensors to measure oxygen transport in bovine lung tissue, revealing that a surfactant called cardiolipin disrupts oxygen balance in pneumonia patients. The study also found damaged spots in diseased tissue, which may be responsible for increased oxygen transfer.
An international team of researchers has identified six potential COVID-19 treatment candidates after testing over 10,000 compounds. The targeted therapeutics were found to be effective in inhibiting the main protease enzyme of the virus.
Daily marijuana users with severe pain reported worsening health over the past year, despite frequent cannabis use. The study found no association between marijuana use and changes in health status among those with low levels of pain.
Researchers from the University of Bristol used social media data to accurately estimate downtime and recovery of small businesses after natural disasters. The method analyzes aggregated posting activity to infer business status, allowing for 'real-time' forecasting of economic impact.
Using reprogrammed human skin cells, researchers successfully restored mobility and sensation in stroke-afflicted rats by transplanting them into their brains. The study showed that the transplanted cells formed connections correctly, repairing damaged nerve circuits.
Chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, and azithromycin can lead to rare but potentially life-threatening adverse events, including cardiac arrhythmias, hypoglycemia, and neuropsychiatric effects. Patients should be aware of the risks before treatment.
Project Nurture, a novel treatment and social services program, has been shown to reduce child maltreatment and foster care placement by more than 8 percentage points. The program also increases prenatal visits and hospital length-of-stay for new mothers with opioid use disorder.
Research suggests mature forests cannot absorb additional carbon as atmospheric CO2 concentrations increase. Carbon is quickly cycled through the soil and returned to the atmosphere, with only half being stored by trees and half by fungi and bacteria.
A new method of dating pottery allows archaeologists to date prehistoric finds with remarkable accuracy. The method, developed by the University of Bristol team, dates pots directly using fatty acids left behind from food preparation.
In a recent study published in Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, researchers isolated two H16N3 subtype influenza viruses that can bind to both human and avian-type cell receptors. The viruses showed evidence of genetic material from other species, suggesting they could infect humans and animals in the future.
A study of 950,000 cancer patients found differences in stage at diagnosis, therapy use, and overall survival by racial and ethnic groups. The analysis revealed disparities in cancer care across various ethnicities.
A new analysis published in Mammal Review suggests natural selection drives size differences between males and females. The study proposes that males and females evolved to differ in size to exploit resources such as food.
A new UCI-led study suggests that metabolic alterations, rather than just amyloid accumulation, contribute to the development of Alzheimer's disease in people with Down Syndrome. The study found similar energy metabolism deficits in adults with Down Syndrome and Alzheimer's disease, opening up new avenues for prevention.
This review found that quarantine can significantly reduce infections and deaths from COVID-19 when combined with other public health measures such as physical distancing, school closures, and travel restrictions. The effectiveness of quarantine alone was less consistent, but still showed promise in controlling outbreaks.
A new species of Triassic reptile discovered in Brazil is the closest known relative of tanystropheids, suggesting their ancestors may have lived on land before adapting to aquatic life. The discovery provides insights into the early diversification of tanystropheids and sheds light on their origins.
A recent study by the University of Portsmouth found that almost 40% of UK security guards suffer from Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) due to frequent episodes of verbal and physical abuse. The research also highlighted a lack of provision for employee mental health and wellbeing services by security companies.
Public schools in the US have shifted their focus to academic excellence, prioritizing standardized test scores over personal growth, job skills, and student self-awareness. The UB-led study found a significant rise in the ranking of academic excellence among public school principals, while personal growth and job skills declined.
Menhaden growth in the Gulf of Mexico is primarily influenced by environmental conditions such as wind and climate cycles, whereas in the Atlantic, fishing pressure is the dominant factor. The study suggests that reducing competition among menhaden may lead to increased growth rates.
Research at Shinshu University found that green tea consumption increases Flavonifractor plautii bacteria in the gut, leading to a suppressed Th2 immune response to food allergies. This study suggests that drinking green tea may be a potential anti-allergy probiotic.
A team of researchers has identified the wallflower as a suitable model plant for discovering new cardenolides, which could lead to safer versions of heart disease and cancer treatments. The study provides a foundation for understanding the biosynthesis of cardenolides and their potential applications.
A twin study conducted by Monash University researchers found that even low levels of air pollution can affect gene expression, leading to long-term health consequences. The study suggests exposure to air pollutants, even at low levels, has real-life implications for the current COVID pandemic.
A new study finds that freshwater runoff from rivers and shelf sediments are bringing significant quantities of carbon and trace elements into the Arctic Ocean. This increase in nutrients may boost Arctic marine productivity, but also exacerbates climate warming.
A UK-China project develops wearable biosensors and a portable diagnostic test to monitor dairy cow health and detect brucellosis early. This technology aims to prevent disease spread and improve animal welfare.
A national modelling paper suggests that Canada's ICU beds may not be enough to handle the demand during a COVID-19 outbreak, highlighting the need for higher rates of self-isolation. The study projects that at the outbreak's peak, the need for ICU beds per 10,000 population could be 2.6 times higher than the number of available beds.
Researchers at UC San Diego Health are developing a dedicated space stem cell orbital research laboratory within the International Space Station (ISS) to study microgravity's effects on human biology. The studies aim to understand aging, degenerative diseases, and cancers in space, with potential applications for therapeutics on Earth.
Researchers have created a material that supports the growth of exoelectrogenic bacteria while efficiently conducting electricity in a controlled manner. By incorporating DNA strands into a nanocomposite scaffold, they can tailor the conductivity and properties of the material by varying the size and sequence of the DNA fragments.
Researchers at University of California San Diego discovered that internal circadian clocks regulate DNA uptake in cyanobacteria, increasing its efficiency during nighttime hours. This finding highlights the crucial role of synchronizing biological processes with environmental rhythms for human health and disease prevention.
A Korean research team has developed a multi-functional luminescent film that can visualize near-infrared light through wavelength conversion, increasing its application range. The film's high efficiency enables the use of infrared or ultraviolet light for displays or imaging devices.
A Yale-led study found that a cancer therapy drug can slow T cell infiltration and reverse damage in kidney tissue damaged by lupus. The findings suggest the therapy might be beneficial for patients with lupus nephritis.
Researchers identified mutations that improve photosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana by reducing protein degradation and increasing chlorophyll production. The findings suggest a potential mechanism to enhance plant energy efficiency and biomass production.
Researchers found that women who deliver prematurely have a more diverse vaginal microbiome, especially in the first trimester. This link highlights specific bacteria associated with premature birth, which could aid future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
Researchers have developed a new method to visualize fungi using expansion microscopy, allowing for detailed studies of fungal biology and potential applications in medicine. The technique has been successfully applied to three fungal species, including the clinically relevant Aspergillus fumigatus.