A review assesses the potential of mesenchymal stem cells to treat preeclampsia, a pregnancy complication that can cause high blood pressure and organ damage. The study found promising results in animal models, with MSCs or their secreted cargo showing promise as novel treatment options.
A new study analyzed 1,800 tropical reef sites worldwide to understand conditions for maximizing reef health and biodiversity. The findings suggest that high conservation levels can support all three key ecological metrics when human use is low, but become increasingly challenging with increased pressure.
The International Osteoporosis Foundation has developed a new patient-level performance indicator set to measure the effectiveness of fracture liaison services (FLS) and guide quality improvement. The set includes 11 indicators that assess various aspects of FLS, including patient outcomes and treatment recommendations.
A new study by URMC aims to investigate how the body's immune system responds to COVID-19, including re-infection risks and vaccine effectiveness. The research will follow 100 COVID-19 patients over 90 days, tracking antibody production and immune cell activation.
The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated challenges in caring for isolated older adults living at home. Despite the importance of direct contact with caregivers, physical distancing measures have limited face-to-face interactions.
A survey of over 195 men on probation and/or parole in Baltimore found that more than half attempted to acquire a firearm but were unsuccessful due to various reasons. The majority reported selling or trading guns for money, drugs, or other guns.
A new study suggests that climate change is driving a megadrought in the western United States, with warming temperatures playing a key role. The study, which analyzed modern weather observations and tree-ring data, finds that the current drought is already outdoing the worst past 19-year increments within previous episodes.
The FEPCRC developed Oxy-CFBC technology significantly reduces air pollutants, including ultra fine dusts, CO2 emissions, and NOx, making it an eco-friendly alternative to traditional coal-fired power plants. The technology operates at 60% of O2 as an oxidant, reducing thermal input and increasing system efficiency.
Researchers are using high-efficiency mrixS to study oxygen atoms and metal states in battery electrodes. The technique helps detect chemical states, track electron movement, and measure degradation, leading to improved battery performance.
Researchers from KIT participate in the Belle II accelerator experiment to enhance understanding of dark matter in the universe. They have now limited mass and coupling strengths of the Z' boson with previously unattainable accuracy using initial data collected during the startup phase.
A Japanese research team has developed a cyclic peptide that enhances blood-brain barrier penetration, allowing for the delivery of macromolecular drugs to the brain. The technology, which uses nanoparticles and liposomes, shows promise in treating central nervous system diseases such as Alzheimer's.
Research reveals significant economic losses in US soybean production, with average annual losses reaching nearly $4.55 billion from 1996 to 2016. The most economically damaging diseases were the soybean cyst nematode, charcoal rot, and seedling diseases.
Researchers at Skoltech and MIPT have found a rule that predicts the maximum superconducting critical temperature for metal hydrides based on their electronic structure. This breakthrough allows them to predict new superconducting hydrides, including those containing two elements and hydrogen.
A team of researchers from NTU Singapore and the UK developed a guide to help primary care health workers conduct remote COVID-19 consultations. The guide provides evidence-based advice on how to conduct virtual assessments, choose between phone and video appointments, and identify red flags for COVID-19.
Researchers found that surface-active species significantly impact droplet formation, improving climate model accuracy. By accounting for curved surfaces and accurate thermodynamic models, they reduced discrepancies in predicted nucleation rates.
Researchers have developed a new tool to predict volcanic eruptions by analyzing the composition of gases in the atmosphere. The tool uses precise measurements to identify the contribution of the atmosphere and Earth's mantle to these gases, allowing for more accurate predictions of future eruptions.
A new study found that people aged 40-49 are at a high risk of 'pre-frailty', a precursor to frailty and increased mortality risk. The study suggests that individuals can take proactive steps to improve their health by addressing factors such as poor nutrition, mental state, lung function, and sleep quality.
A new program analyzing Maine and New Hampshire well water samples found that 25% exceed the New Hampshire maximum safety level of 5 ppb, while 62% of homeowners haven't had their water tested. The results highlight the need for improved testing and mitigation strategies to protect residents from arsenic-related health risks.
Researchers at the University of Kansas have discovered that the mahogany family dates back to the last hurrah of the dinosaurs, with a fossil found in Canada dating back to the Campanian stage of the Late Cretaceous. The discovery pushes back the known origin of mahogany by 15-20 million years.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have uncovered the detailed shape of a key protein involved in muscle contraction using cryo-EM technology. The discovery may lead to improved understanding of muscle-weakening genetic conditions.
A study in mice has identified a brain mechanism that responds to sugar entering the gut, not just when it touches the tongue. This discovery offers promising avenues for minimizing sugar cravings and potentially reducing incidence of obesity and diabetes.
A new study found that high blood glucose levels may trigger a severe inflammatory response in flu patients, leading to hospitalization or death. Glucose metabolism is believed to contribute to various COVID-19 outcomes as both influenza and COVID-19 can induce a cytokine storm.
A comprehensive study has found evidence of oil exposure in all 2,500 sampled fish, including popular seafood types. Chronic PAH exposure can harm fish health, despite low levels in flesh, highlighting the need for long-term monitoring.
A global group of scientists proposes splitting the existing genus Lactobacillus into two genera, with 25 new genera having distinct names. This change aims to improve scientific accuracy and reflect closely related bacterial genes.
Researchers studied the nexus between climate, upwelling, and marine ecosystems, finding that each Eastern Boundary Upwelling System (EBUS) has unique drivers and climate variability. The study highlights the importance of considering local and remote forcing factors in predicting long-term variations in upwelling.
Researchers discover deep trap clusters at grain boundaries in perovskites, reducing efficiency and stability. The findings could streamline efforts to increase the efficiency of perovskites for mass-market production.
Researchers have identified specific Bifidobacteria strains that can break down gluten proteins into smaller fragments, reducing immune response damage. These findings pave the way for new treatments and improved patient outcomes for celiac disease patients.
A team of researchers led by Gang Tan aims to create parsers that provide provable guarantees about safety and are resistant to bugs. The SPARTA system focuses on securely opening PDFs, but the goal is to apply this technology to other formats as well.
A new study shows that people with high blood pressure and reverse dipping may have small areas in the brain damaged from vascular disease, leading to memory problems. Those with high blood pressure and reverse dipping also had lower scores on a memory test, with average scores of about 33 compared to 40 for those without these conditi...
Researchers at UMass Amherst have outlined high-priority goals and opportunities for advancing knowledge on cavitation science, which occurs in soft materials and tissues during traumatic brain injury. The team proposes using cavitation as a unique tool to understand soft tissues and develop new medical devices.
A Finnish study found that childhood exposure to secondhand smoking is associated with poorer learning ability and memory in midlife. The study of over 2,000 participants showed that those exposed to parental smoking had worse cognitive performance, equivalent to up to five years of aging.
Tropical Storm Jeruto was identified by NASA's Suomi NPP satellite on April 15, 2020, with a visible image showing elongated shape due to wind shear. Forecasters predict the storm will likely dissipate within a couple of days as vertical wind shear increases.
An observational study of over 1.4 million children found a possible link between the age of grandparents and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in grandchildren. The research suggests that older grandparents may be at a higher risk for having grandchildren with ASD.
NASA analyzed severe storms in the southern US, creating an animation of powerful thunderstorms that brought heavy rainfall and spawned destructive tornadoes. The analysis used NASA's Integrated Multi-satellitE Retrievals for GPM (IMERG) algorithm to estimate near-realtime precipitation rates.
Researchers identify first known bacteria-derived sensor for detecting progesterone, a female hormone that plays a critical role in reproduction. The sensor's reversibility allows it to generate continuous measurements, making it suitable for home use and potentially transforming telemedicine.
Researchers from Australian Institute of Marine Science suggest adding cameras, audio recorders, and sample collectors to remotely operated vehicles to increase scientific data gathering. This could lead to better understanding of marine infrastructure impact on ecosystems and improve ecological management and regulatory compliance.
A questionnaire survey identified potential separation-related problems in 30 out of 223 sampled cats, including destructive behavior, excessive vocalization, and depression. The study found that households with no female residents and those without cat toys were more likely to have cats with these issues.
Researchers will develop techniques for analyzing MRI and echocardiogram images to improve patient assessment and diagnosis. The collaboration aims to co-develop practical solutions for both the US and India, addressing high healthcare loads and improving diagnostic accuracy.
Gimsilumab, targeting granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), may help reduce lung hyper-inflammation in COVID-19 patients with ARDS. A multi-site clinical trial enrolls up to 270 patients to assess mortality and duration of mechanical ventilation.
Researchers found that Alzheimer's disease can disrupt the absorption of oral medications through the digestive tract, leading to lower plasma concentrations. The study recommends revisiting dosing regimens for certain drugs in AD patients to ensure appropriate plasma ranges.
The T2K experiment has shown that neutrinos oscillate more often than antineutrinos, pointing to almost maximum asymmetry between their behaviors. This finding offers a promising explanation for the disappearance of antimatter in the universe and may be confirmed by future experiments.
Neuroscientists at Ruhr-University Bochum have found that the thalamus plays a key role in decision-making during learning, while the insular cortex is active when participants make correct or incorrect decisions. This suggests that expectations influence brain activity and sensory perception.
A survey of 450 general practitioners in Lombardy, Italy reveals the challenges faced by GPs in preventing and managing COVID-19. The study highlights the need for effective clinician education to improve COVID-19 prevention measures.
A new study by the T2K Collaboration confirms that neutrinos and antineutrinos behave differently, which could explain why matter persists over antimatter in the universe. This result brings scientists closer to answering the fundamental question of why the universe is dominated by matter.
The COVID-19 pandemic is causing widespread emotional distress and increasing the risk of developing psychiatric disorders such as depression and anxiety. Healthcare providers are also at risk due to shortages of personal protective equipment and prolonged work hours.
Researchers discovered that microscopic alterations in stem cell niche can predict Crohn's disease recurrence. A therapeutic approach using dichloracetate (DCA) restored intestinal stem cell functionality and maintained the intestinal barrier.
A newly developed wheat variety contains higher levels of fructans, a naturally occurring carbohydrate that can promote healthy gut bacteria. The breeders used genomic selection to reduce the development time and cost of creating such a high-fructan wheat variety.
A new combination of 3D printing and acoustic droplet ejection technology enables precise control over growth factor presentation, promoting osteogenic differentiation in C2C12 mouse myoblast cells. This technique has vast potential for various tissue types beyond bone engineering.
Researchers have developed an antibody treatment that improves survival in rodent models of sepsis by targeting a protein called tetranectin. The therapy boosts survival even when started late after sepsis onset, suggesting its potential for treating severe bacterial infections and secondary sepsis in COVID-19 patients.
Researchers explore public health interventions to foster healthy aging, including community development and population surveillance. The study highlights the critical role of systems in addressing aging-related challenges.
Researchers at the Australian Centre for Digestive Diseases have successfully treated Crohn's disease in patients, achieving prolonged remission of 3-23 years. The treatment uses a combination of specific antibiotics and Faecal Microbiota Transfer (FMT) to repopulate the gut with healthy bacteria.
Researchers at UCI developed TrackCOVID, a free, open-source app for anonymous contact tracing. The app logs interactions and notifies users at risk of exposure through an anonymous graph.
A study of nearly 7,000 resident surgeons found widespread racial/ethnic discrimination in US general surgery programs, linked to increased burnout and suicidal thoughts. The investigation aims to shed light on the prevalence and impact of these issues, highlighting the need for greater inclusivity and support.
Researchers at UAB create novel boron-rich boron-carbide material with 37% the hardness of cubic diamond, showing promise for applications under extreme conditions. The new material has a chemical formula B50C2, chemically stable and acting as an insulator.
Researchers at Lancaster University's T2K experiment have found that almost half of the possible parameter values governing matter-antimatter asymmetry in the Universe have been disfavoured. This discovery suggests a basic property of neutrinos, one of the fundamental particles making up the Universe.
Researchers used a new geochemical tool to analyze volatile elements in Earth's interior, revealing that nitrogen has been present since the planet's formation. The method, which identifies air contamination, provides valuable insights into the evolution of our planet and may also be used to monitor volcanic activity.
Researchers have found that neutrinos and antineutrinos behave differently, providing a possible explanation for the universe's dominant matter content. The T2K experiment detected subtle discrepancies in their oscillation rates, shedding light on physics' deepest mysteries.
A large cohort study found that donor lymphocyte infusion and intensified conditioning improve outcomes for patients with relapsed/refractory leukemia, achieving high 3-year leukemia-free survival rates. The study also showed that these interventions have varying impacts on different types of leukemia and donor recipients.
Researchers used satellite galaxies Draco and Fornax to test the self-interacting dark matter (SIDM) model, which explains diverse dark matter distributions. SIDM produces novel signatures in subhalos that differ from the prevailing Cold Dark Matter theory.
A new low-cost imaging system can accurately identify Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, which spread Zika, dengue, and yellow fever. The system enables faster and more targeted control of mosquito-borne diseases, saving lives.