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Science News Archive September 2024 - Page 31


Page 31 of 41

High-intensity interval training is more beneficial for older women than moderate exercise or resistance training alone, study shows

A study found that high-intensity interval training (HIIT) combined with muscle strength exercises was the most efficacious in improving cardiovascular parameters, including waist circumference, blood pressure, and arterial stiffness. HIIT was more beneficial than moderate exercise or resistance training alone.

SourceFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo·JournalEuropean Journal of Preventive Cardiology·DateSep 9, 2024

New study seeks to develop a new treatment strategy to prevent/delay relapse of myeloid leukemia associated with Down syndrome

A four-year grant will help researchers find new clues to the interplay between Down syndrome and myeloid leukemia, focusing on enhancing antileukemic activity of chemotherapy drug cytarabine. The goal is to identify a novel treatment strategy to improve patient outcomes and prevent relapses in ML-DS patients.

SourceWayne State University - Office of the Vice President for Research·DateSep 9, 2024

Grim statistics on koala survival odds

A University of Queensland study found that koalas are at high risk of euthanasia due to diseases like chlamydia and threats from habitat loss, with only 25% rescued and released into suitable habitat. The research analyzed over 50,000 koala sightings and hospital admissions between 1997 and 2019.

SourceUniversity of Queensland·JournalSociety and Animals·TypeObservational study·DateSep 9, 2024
Nikon Monarch 5 8x42 Binoculars

Nikon Monarch 5 8x42 Binoculars deliver bright, sharp views for wildlife surveys, eclipse chases, and quick star-field scans at dark sites.

COVID-19 lockdowns prematurely aged teenage brains, UW study shows

A UW study found that COVID-19 lockdowns accelerated brain maturation in adolescents, particularly in females, leading to increased anxiety, depression, and internalizing problems. The study suggests that social isolation and lack of normal stress release channels may have exacerbated these effects.

SourceUniversity of Washington·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateSep 9, 2024

1 in 5 COVID deaths potentially attributable to hospital caseload strain

A nationwide retrospective cohort study found a detrimental relationship between COVID-19 caseload and survival across all hospital types. Approximately 1 in every 5 COVID-19 deaths were attributed to hospital caseload strain, highlighting the importance of minimizing caseload surge during future public health emergencies.

SourceAmerican College of Physicians·JournalAnnals of Internal Medicine·TypeNews article·DateSep 9, 2024
Apple iPhone 17 Pro

Apple iPhone 17 Pro delivers top performance and advanced cameras for field documentation, data collection, and secure research communications.

Growing key biomethane crop on peat emits 3 times more CO2 than using natural gas

A recent study by the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology found that growing maize to produce biomethane on drained peat emits up to three times more carbon dioxide than using natural gas. The production of crops like maize for bioenergy has rapidly increased, leading to a significant expansion of cultivated areas on drained peatlands.

SourceUK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology·JournalNature Climate Change·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateSep 9, 2024

Researchers at UCLA identify cellular pathways whose dysregulation leads to acne lesions

A study by Min Deng and colleagues at UCLA identified two key dysregulated pathways in acne-affected skin: the GRN-SORT1 axis in TREM2 macrophages and the IL-13-IL-13RA1 axis in keratinocytes. These findings suggest modulating these pathways through gene therapy could lead to new acne treatments.

SourceUniversity of California - Los Angeles Health Sciences·JournalCell Communication and Signaling·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 9, 2024

Breakthrough insights into carbon dioxide absorption using cement-based materials

Researchers discovered that structural changes and mass transfer play a crucial role in the carbonation process of cement-based materials. The study found that lower humidity conditions and high Ca/Si ratios result in smaller pores, suppressing ion leaching and improving carbonation efficiency. This breakthrough could lead to developin...

SourceChiba University·JournalThe Journal of Physical Chemistry C·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 9, 2024

SP-101 is a novel AAV gene therapy for cystic fibrosis

Scientists from Spirovant Sciences describe a novel adeno-associated virus (AAV) gene therapy called SP-101 that has been optimized for efficient human airway cell transduction. After single dose inhaled delivery, the vector showed consistent expression of a functional and regulated shortened human CFTR minigene.

SourceMary Ann Liebert, Inc./Genetic Engineering News·JournalHuman Gene Therapy·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 9, 2024
SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB

SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB transfers large imagery and model outputs quickly between field laptops, lab workstations, and secure archives.

Crown-of-thorns starfish thrive in degraded coral habitats

Research reveals that crown-of-thorns starfish thrive in degraded coral habitats, benefiting from the loss of live coral. This 'degraded reef hypothesis' explains how juvenile COTS accumulate in rubble habitats, promoting a pulsed emergence as adults and exacerbating the cycle of coral loss.

SourceUniversity of Sydney·JournalMarine Environmental Research·TypeObservational study·DateSep 9, 2024

Microwaving waste cooking oil into useful chemicals

A team from Kyushu University has developed a zeolite catalyst that can be heated using microwaves to speed up the conversion of fatty acid esters to olefins. This process improves energy efficiency and reduces carbon dioxide production, offering a more sustainable chemical industry.

SourceKyushu University·JournalChemical Engineering Journal·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 9, 2024

NASA’s Hubble, Chandra find supermassive black hole duo

Astronomers have detected two closely spaced supermassive black holes in the nearby universe using NASA's Hubble and Chandra telescopes. The black holes are fueled by infalling gas and dust, causing them to shine brightly as active galactic nuclei (AGN).

SourceNASA/Goddard Space Flight Center·JournalThe Astrophysical Journal·TypeObservational study·DateSep 9, 2024

Final media invitation and details of media briefing

The ESA Hera mission is set to launch in just under a month, with representatives discussing the mission's expectations and current status. The BepiColombo Mission to Mercury is also being updated following its successful flyby, with insights into previous flybys and plans for the remainder of the mission.

SourceEuroplanet·DateSep 9, 2024
Apple Watch Series 11 (GPS, 46mm)

Apple Watch Series 11 (GPS, 46mm) tracks health metrics and safety alerts during long observing sessions, fieldwork, and remote expeditions.

New molecular engineering technique allows for complex organoids

Researchers at Heidelberg University developed a novel technique to create more complex organoids by controlling the release of growth factors and signaling molecules. This breakthrough enables the formation of realistic cell mixes, mimicking natural tissues and opening up new possibilities for engineering improved cellular complexity.

SourceHeidelberg University·JournalNature Nanotechnology·DateSep 9, 2024

New AI can ID brain patterns related to specific behavior

A new AI algorithm, DPAD, developed by Maryam Shanechi's lab, can dissociate brain patterns related to specific behaviors, improving brain-computer interfaces for paralyzed patients. The algorithm can also discover new patterns in the brain that may be missed by prior methods.

SourceUniversity of Southern California·JournalNature Neuroscience·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateSep 9, 2024

How the brain's inner chamber governs our state of consciousness

A new study published in Nature Communications reveals how propofol sedation alters the connections between brain cells in the thalamus and cortex, shedding light on the neural mechanisms underlying consciousness. The researchers found that disruptions to the matrix cells' activity play a crucial role in the transition to unconsciousness.

SourceMichigan Medicine - University of Michigan·JournalNature Communications·DateSep 9, 2024
AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope

AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope supports teaching labs and QA checks with LED illumination, mechanical stage, and included 5MP camera.

Optica Quantum August 2024 Issue Press Tip Sheet

Researchers developed hybrid single-photon cameras for high-dimensional spatial correlations, enabling faster measurements of quantum optical phenomena. They also reconstructed photon number distributions in microresonators to characterize their performance without specialized detectors.

SourceOptica·JournalOptica Quantum·DateSep 9, 2024

Researchers develop reaction-induced molybdenum carbides for efficient carbon dioxide conversion

Researchers developed a facile strategy to create molybdenum carbide catalysts for efficient CO2 conversion. The catalysts exhibit excellent activity and stability, outperforming traditional methods. The unique structure of the Mo oxycarbide active sites maintains dynamic equilibrium in the reaction atmosphere.

SourceDalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy Sciences·JournalNature Chemistry·TypeCommentary/editorial·DateSep 9, 2024

Green hydrogen: MXenes shows talent as catalyst for oxygen evolution

Researchers have found that MXene catalysts are more stable and efficient than metal oxide compounds for the oxygen evolution reaction. The discovery holds promise for developing low-cost, high-performance electrolysers for producing green hydrogen.

SourceHelmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie·JournalJournal of Materials Chemistry A·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 9, 2024
Davis Instruments Vantage Pro2 Weather Station

Davis Instruments Vantage Pro2 Weather Station offers research-grade local weather data for networked stations, campuses, and community observatories.

Large theropods thrived near South Pole, Australian tracks show

A discovery of 18 theropod tracks and four ornithopod tracks in the Wonthaggi Formation reveals that large carnivores roamed polar environments, feeding on prey like smaller dinosaurs, fish, and turtles. The finds confirm that a variety of dinosaurs lived and walked on the ground where their bones were found.

SourceEmory University·JournalAlcheringa An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology·TypeObservational study·DateSep 9, 2024

The profound impact of COVID-19 on China’s agricultural carbon emissions

The study found that China's net greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture increased significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic, with methane emissions accounting for over 65% of the total. Optimizing fertilizer use and manure management practices can help reduce nitrous oxide emissions.

SourceHigher Education Press·JournalFrontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 9, 2024
Rigol DP832 Triple-Output Bench Power Supply

Rigol DP832 Triple-Output Bench Power Supply powers sensors, microcontrollers, and test circuits with programmable rails and stable outputs.

During the pandemic, employers who fostered ‘collective engagement’ had less employee turnover

A recent study found that workplaces with high levels of collective engagement saw less employee turnover during the COVID-19 pandemic. Collective engagement refers to a shared sense of mission or community among store employees. The researchers also observed that stores with higher collective engagement had lower employee turnover rat...

SourceNorth Carolina State University·JournalJournal of Applied Psychology·TypeObservational study·DateSep 9, 2024

UT Health San Antonio urologist discovers combined anti-seizure drug and omega-3 may lower COVID-19 risks

A study by UT Health San Antonio urologist Ronald Rodriguez found that combining valproic acid, an anti-seizure medication, with DHA, a type of omega-3 fatty acid, may reduce the risk of contracting COVID-19 and lessen its severity. The combination has been shown to activate ancient antiviral pathways against coronaviruses.

SourceUniversity of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio·JournalPLOS ONE·DateSep 9, 2024

Chemical chameleon reveals novel pathway for separating rare-earth metals

Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory discovered a chemical 'chameleon' that can improve the process of purifying rare-earth metals. The ligand changes its behavior depending on experimental conditions, allowing for multiple separations in different orders.

SourceDOE/Oak Ridge National Laboratory·JournalJournal of the American Chemical Society·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 9, 2024
Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro Equatorial Mount

Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro Equatorial Mount provides precise tracking capacity for deep-sky imaging rigs during long astrophotography sessions.

Scientists learn how to drug wily class of disease-causing enzymes

Researchers at UCSF develop a method to target GTPases, enzymes involved in Parkinson's and many other diseases, by using drugs targeting the K-Ras oncogene. This approach reveals new drug binding sites that could not be predicted by computational tools.

SourceUniversity of California - San Francisco·JournalCell·DateSep 9, 2024

Electrically modulated light antenna points the way to faster computer chips

A research team at the University of Würzburg has achieved electrically controlled modulation of light antennas, paving the way for ultra-fast active plasmonics. This breakthrough could lead to significantly faster computer chips and new insights into energy conversion and storage technologies.

SourceUniversity of Würzburg·JournalScience Advances·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 9, 2024
Apple MacBook Pro 14-inch (M4 Pro)

Apple MacBook Pro 14-inch (M4 Pro) powers local ML workloads, large datasets, and multi-display analysis for field and lab teams.

Research Spotlight: association of statin, metformin, and aspirin use with hepatocellular carcinoma in the all of us research program

A recent study published in Gastro Hep Advances found that statin use was associated with a reduced risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The research, conducted using data from the All of Us Research Program, suggests that lipophilic statins may be an effective strategy for chemoprevention in HCC. Patients with indications for stati...

SourceMassachusetts General Hospital·JournalGastro Hep Advances·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateSep 9, 2024

How aging affects stem cells: A fly's tale

Scientists identified key changes in chromosome structure and gene expression that affect stem cell function during aging. Blocking a specific gene, ced-6, triggered stem cell exhaustion at any age, indicating a general process that maintains balance when proliferation is too high.

SourceRIKEN·JournaliScience·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 9, 2024

Most detailed study yet of seismic activity links fault strength to likelihood of large earthquakes

Researchers from Kyushu University have identified a link between fault strength and earthquake magnitude, suggesting that stronger faults are more likely to produce large earthquakes. The study analyzed seismic activity at over 1,000 locations and estimated the stress field and characterized faults as strong or weak.

SourceKyushu University·JournalNature Communications·TypeObservational study·DateSep 9, 2024
CalDigit TS4 Thunderbolt 4 Dock

CalDigit TS4 Thunderbolt 4 Dock simplifies serious desks with 18 ports for high-speed storage, monitors, and instruments across Mac and PC setups.

AI offers new era of precision IBD management

Advanced endoscopy combined with AI and digital pathology offers a deeper understanding of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). This leads to more accurate diagnoses and improved patient outcomes.

SourceFirst Hospital of Jilin University·JournaleGastroenterology·DateSep 9, 2024

Fast and comfortable robot-to-human handover for mobile cooperation robot system

Researchers proposed a comprehensive handover framework for mobile robots that seamlessly manages the entire process, from object location to grasping and delivery. The system uses advanced algorithms and visual sensors to recognize human hand postures and grasp objects safely.

SourceBeijing Institute of Technology Press Co., Ltd·JournalCyborg and Bionic Systems·DateSep 9, 2024

Extreme weather to strengthen rapidly over next two decades

A new study finds that 20% of the global population may face extreme weather risks if greenhouse gas emissions are not cut enough to reach the Paris Agreement's aims. Rapid clean-up of air pollution could exacerbate these changes, affecting 1.5 billion people in the next decade.

SourceUniversity of Reading·JournalNature Geoscience·TypeObservational study·DateSep 9, 2024
Sony Alpha a7 IV (Body Only)

Sony Alpha a7 IV (Body Only) delivers reliable low-light performance and rugged build for astrophotography, lab documentation, and field expeditions.

New gene therapy offers promise for treating glaucoma – as well as AMD

Scientists from Trinity College Dublin have developed a gene therapy that protects retinal ganglion cells and improves their function in animal models of glaucoma. The therapy has also been shown to increase oxygen consumption and ATP production in human retinal cells, indicating enhanced cell performance.

SourceTrinity College Dublin·JournalInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences·DateSep 9, 2024

Solution to a cosmic mystery

Scientists found that a flyby of an alien star billions of years ago can explain the orbits of trans-Neptunian objects and the formation of irregular moons. The flyby caused some objects to be hurled into our solar system, which were then captured by giant planets as moons.

SourceForschungszentrum Juelich·JournalNature Astronomy·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateSep 9, 2024

How can China achieve GHG reduction and economic sustainability from sugar crops?

The study analyzed historical trends in sugarcane and sugar beet yield, agricultural input, carbon footprint, and economic benefits in China. By adopting optimized crop models, GHG emission reduction potential can be achieved by 32% and total annual cost can be reduced by 24% by 2030.

SourceHigher Education Press·JournalFrontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 9, 2024

New research illuminates the impact of surface properties on bacteria movement

A study by Virginia Tech undergraduate Megan O'Hara found that surface properties significantly influence bacterial twitching motility, allowing for rapid colonization and infection. By manipulating surface properties with detergents like bile salts, researchers can alter the functionality of type IV pili, a critical virulence factor.

SourceVirginia Tech·JournalmSphere·DateSep 9, 2024
GoPro HERO13 Black

GoPro HERO13 Black records stabilized 5.3K video for instrument deployments, field notes, and outreach, even in harsh weather and underwater conditions.

Early newborn metabolic patterning and sudden infant death syndrome

A case-control study found an association between abnormal birth metabolic analytes and sudden infant death syndrome, suggesting potential early risk identification. The study's findings could inform future research and clinical efforts focused on monitoring and preventing SIDS.

SourceJAMA Network·JournalJAMA Pediatrics·DateSep 9, 2024

Double trouble for triple-negative breast cancer

Researchers at MUSC Hollings Cancer Center discover targeting an immunosuppressive protein on two fronts reduces metastasis and restores sensitivity to immunotherapy in a preclinical model. TNBC cells become resistant to immunotherapy due to membrane instability, enabling PD-L1 protein to drop inside the cell.

SourceMedical University of South Carolina·JournalCell Reports·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 9, 2024

How newly identified biomarkers could reveal risk factors for SIDS

Researchers at UCSF identified signals in the metabolic system of infants who died from Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS), finding associations between lower C-3 levels and elevated C-14OH. Elevated biomarkers also led to reduced risk of SIDS, but further research is needed to validate these findings.

SourceUniversity of California - San Francisco·JournalJAMA Pediatrics·DateSep 9, 2024
Kestrel 3000 Pocket Weather Meter

Kestrel 3000 Pocket Weather Meter measures wind, temperature, and humidity in real time for site assessments, aviation checks, and safety briefings.

Evaluating own-price dynamics in taxing environmental externalities

Agricultural water pricing may help manage scarce resources, but firms' responses vary. Researchers found that groundwater extraction decreased by 22% after a 21% price increase, but firms became more responsive to prices over time, with increased elasticity between the first and fifth year.

SourceUniversity of Chicago Press Journals·JournalJournal of the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists·DateSep 9, 2024

Loss of skin’s pigment-producing cells could be related to basement membrane disruption

Researchers from Osaka Metropolitan University have discovered that disruptions in the basement membrane zone between the epidermis and dermis could make it harder for pigment-producing cells to adhere. An enzyme called matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) may be overexpressed, leading to disturbance of the basement membrane.

SourceOsaka Metropolitan University·JournalThe Journal of Pathology·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 9, 2024