A large-scale study published in PLOS Medicine found no association between early life antibiotic exposure and the development of autoimmune diseases in children. Researchers analyzed data from over 4 million Korean children and discovered no increased risk of Type 1 diabetes, Juvenile idiopathic arthritis, or other autoimmune conditions.
This narrative review explores the use of natural products as disinfectants in prosthodontics and oral implantology. Natural products like clove oil, propolis, and green tea extract disrupt microbial cell membranes and inhibit biofilm formation, making them promising alternatives to synthetic disinfectants.
Researchers developed a deep learning method that can accurately estimate uncertainty when classifying foraminifera, a type of shelled microorganism. The AI system achieved human-level performance in this task, outperforming experts in some cases, and has the potential to improve climate change research and carbon capture technologies.
Researchers have discovered a method to convert CO2 into valuable fuels using copper catalysts with pulsed electric potential treatments. The technique, applied to well-defined copper surfaces, results in the formation of specific crystalline facets and oxidation states that enhance the conversion of CO2 into hydrocarbons and alcohols.
Researchers at Beijing Tiantan Hospital developed a one-stage hybrid operation to treat hypervascular CNS tumors, achieving high rates of gross-total removal and improved neurological function. The technique combines embolization and resection in a single procedure, reducing intraoperative bleeding risk and operative time.
A study by researchers at the Complexity Science Hub found that hospital stays among migrants in Austria are significantly lower than those of native Austrians. However, readmission rates among migrants were higher, indicating potential access barriers or delayed healthcare utilization. The study's findings suggest that the 'Healthy Mi...
A new computational framework has been developed to optimize cellular self-organization, allowing scientists to understand and control how cells grow and interact. The framework uses machine learning tools to extract rules that guide cell behavior, enabling the creation of artificial organs and potential treatments for cancer.
A study published in Science found that total burned area declined globally from 2002 to 2021, but human exposures to wildfires surged by nearly 40%, with Africa accounting for 85% of all incidents. Proactive mitigation strategies are crucial to protect communities from the growing threat of wildfires.
The latest issue of SLAS Technology highlights significant advancements in biomedicine and diagnostics, with AI-powered tools achieving 99.9% accuracy in detecting monkeypox. Additionally, the journal showcases innovative lab technologies, including multi-camera zebrafish assays and infection-proof titanium implants.
A new method enables direct measurement of partial charges in molecules, providing insights into molecular interactions. The technique uses electron diffraction and ionic scattering factor modelling to quantify atomic charges, opening possibilities for designing pharmaceuticals with greater specificity.
Researchers developed a multisensor approach combining optical and L-band InSAR data to improve snow water equivalent (SWE) retrievals. The study found that combining optical and radar data can enhance SWE estimations, particularly in mountain environments.
A big data study using multi-omics data from over 1,300 people with HIV has identified key molecular players causing non-AIDS-related comorbidities. The research reveals a range of previously hidden molecular patterns and players associated with various comorbidities.
Using a laser-induced technique, researchers have created highly transparent and ultra-smooth 3D microphotonic devices with a record length-to-thickness ratio. The new photonic origami method enables tiny, yet complex optical devices for next-generation data processing, sensing, and experimental physics applications.
Scientists at the Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light developed a new method to resolve specific sites within mechanosensitive protein PIEZO1 in its native cell membrane state. The technique, using cryogenic conditions and rapid freezing, sheds light on how the protein flexes and expands in response to mechanical stimuli.
The GOSAT-GW satellite has successfully launched with the TANSO-3 sensor, confirming its proper operation. The first observation by TANSO-3 provided spectral absorption data for carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrogen dioxide, enabling the calculation of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere.
Disordered energy hinders polariton formation and energy transfer in light-matter interactions. Researchers develop a strategy to overcome this limitation, retaining coherent delocalization for potential applications in energy technology and photonic engineering.
Physicists have developed a breakthrough concept in quantum encryption that uses innovative protocols applied to tiny quantum dots to send encrypted information securely, even with imperfect light sources. The new approach outperforms current systems and has the potential to bring quantum-safe communication closer to everyday use.
A new study reveals that ambient documentation technologies, such as AI-driven scribes, led to significant reductions in physician burnout and improvements in well-being. The findings showed a 21.2% absolute reduction in burnout prevalence at Mass General Brigham and a 30.7% absolute increase in documentation-related wellbeing at Emory...
Researchers found that cancer does not typically affect forensic age estimation accuracy, except for very aggressive forms of cancer. In contrast, blood cancers led to large errors, with ages overestimated by up to 50 years.
A transportation system management and operations data exchange solution will be developed by SwRI for the North Central Texas Council of Governments. The platform aims to enhance mobility, safety, and infrastructure management in the region. It will serve as a regional clearinghouse for real-time transportation system data.
Chung-Ang University researchers develop innovative soft robots using paper electrodes and liquid crystal elastomers, achieving directional crawling through asymmetric bending. The robots utilize temperature-responsive materials and simple electroless plating patterning, enabling efficient and cost-effective fabrication.
A team of scientists has unveiled a MoS2-based phototransistor that sets new records in optical gain and sensitivity. The device detects light pulses containing tens of photons and identifies disease biomarkers at attomolar concentrations, outperforming current gold standard assays.
Researchers develop a generic strategy for vectorial holography using ultrathin metasurfaces, enabling complex images with spatially varying polarization states. The method achieves high efficiency, outperforming previous systems, and has potential applications in optical encryption and anticounterfeiting.
A new study finds that birds are singing for longer periods of time due to light pollution, with prolonged vocalizations averaging 50 minutes. The research analyzed over 500 bird species and found that those exposed to more light have the most significant impact from light pollution.
Researchers at King Abdullah University of Science & Technology developed a new mathematical approach to protect aircraft from 5G interference. They proposed deploying exclusion zones around runways, which would minimize interference with radio altimeters while maintaining 5G performance.
Researchers develop redox-adaptive auto-tandem catalysis using cerium to perform multiple reaction steps in a single container. This method reduces overhead and energy requirements, leading to lower costs and reduced chemical waste.
A new study from UNC-Chapel Hill has revealed a dual control system explaining why treelines form where they do and which tree species dominate them. Cold temperatures limit tree survival beyond a certain threshold, while water availability determines which species can thrive at high elevations.
A study found that patients who communicate with their providers have better disease management, reducing exacerbations and hospital visits. The study suggests increasing conversations about disease education and self-management strategies can improve quality of life.
The DART mission successfully demonstrated asteroid deflection by causing a small satellite to detach from the spacecraft and alter Dimorphos' trajectory. The LICIACube images provided detailed information on the debris plume, revealing that it was composed mostly of large particles.
A new high-resolution global forest age dataset has revealed that forests are ageing naturally at a slower rate than before, while disturbances such as wildfires and deforestation are causing younger stands to rapidly grow. This study highlights the pivotal role forests play in regulating the Earth's climate.
A new technique uses a topical fluorescent molecular contrast agent to detect basal cell carcinoma, which can be done non-invasively in as little as five minutes. The technique shows promise for improving diagnostic accuracy and reducing unnecessary biopsies.
Researchers have created a new family of RNA-editing tools that utilize an RNA-targeting activity found in the CRISPR-Cas9 tool, allowing for precise and versatile genetic surgery at the RNA level. The tools show great promise in curing rare genetic diseases and promoting wound healing.
A new 'dual-mode' tracer agent shows promise in helping surgeons image and plan prostate cancer procedures while also providing guided surgery with real-time radiation detection. The tracer targets PSMA, a protein highly expressed on prostate cancer cells, offering high-resolution visual guidance and targeted radiation density detection.
A new RP-HPLC method has been developed and validated for the analysis of orlistat, a widely used anti-obesity drug. The method ensures accurate quantification and is fully compliant with International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) guidelines, reducing solvent use and analysis time.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital found that midkine protein prevents Alzheimer's disease by blocking amyloid beta assembly growth. Midkine inhibits amyloid beta elongation and secondary nucleation, two specific phases during assembly formation.
Engineered peptides form nanonets that trap and kill bacteria, while leaving healthy cells untouched. The technology could inspire next-generation biomaterials for treating bacterial infections.
Researchers at Penn State have identified certain characteristics that can help predict whether a virus will persist in a new population. Infection prevalence and viral shedding were found to be significant predictors of long-term viral persistence. The study used a worm model system to examine disease transmission and emergence at a p...
Dr. Anna Gottschlich receives a $916,545 NIH award to investigate socio-genomic associations with endometrial cancer survival among women in Metropolitan Detroit.
A recent study reveals that foliar fungicides can alter the composition of beneficial fungi in corn leaves, highlighting the need to reassess crop management strategies. The research also suggests that sustainable practices promoting beneficial microbes could enhance crop resilience and yield.
Dr. Greenblatt's discovery of distinct types of bone-building stem cells has opened new areas of research into targeted therapies for bone cancer, osteoporosis, and rare bone conditions. His work has identified potential therapeutic targets to block spine metastases in breast and prostate cancer.
A new technique for controlling phase boundaries in thin films allows researchers to engineer lead-free energy storage materials with promising dielectric properties. By manipulating the film thickness, they can control the distribution of crystalline structures and enhance specific characteristics of the material.
A new study assesses 310 transboundary basins worldwide, finding their average SDG Index score is 42 out of 100. Coordinated action on clean water, economic growth, and health can boost sustainability in these shared waters, with 38% of basins reaching sustainability through integrated strategies.
The EBD dataset leverages deep learning to speed up disaster recovery efforts, providing rapid and accurate building damage assessments. The semi-automated labeling system reduces manual workload by 80% and improves model accuracy, particularly in situations with limited labeled samples.
Researchers found that recovering 90% of these byproducts could meet nearly all US critical mineral needs, while one percent recovery would significantly reduce import reliance. This prospect is especially attractive due to increased demand and geopolitical conflicts in major mining regions.
A new study reveals a 40% global increase in wildland fire exposures from 2002 to 2021, mainly driven by people living in the wildland-urban interface. In Africa, 85% of these exposures occurred, with devastating consequences for human health and life.
A new study suggests that space-based solar power could reduce Europe's need for land-based renewable energy by up to 80%, cutting energy storage needs by over two-thirds. The technology also saves money by reducing the cost of the entire power system, with estimated annual savings of €35.9 billion.
Recent developments in metalenses focus on increasing structural complexity, broadening achromatic bandwidth, and improving efficiency. Dual-metalens systems offer high-dimensional light-field modulation and parallel imaging capabilities.
A new study by University of Illinois experts reveals that men and women respond differently to workplace sexual harassment, with women showing higher empathy toward victims. In organizations with strong intolerance of harassment, both men and women exhibit greater empathy and intervene more, reducing the gender gap.
The FORbEST project uses Living Labs to co-create new forest management strategies that consider climate change, biodiversity, and social constraints. The project aims to identify and test best practices for optimising biodiversity and carbon storage while supporting rural livelihoods.
A study found that in immune-tolerant HBV patients, a cumulative HBsAg/HBV DNA ratio below 1.791 is associated with a lower risk of disease progression, while those above this threshold face increased risk. Early antiviral treatment may improve clinical outcomes for these patients.
Researchers at Syracuse University found that slow-moving tissues generate mechanical forces that help sculpt developing organs, such as the zebrafish's body symmetry. This discovery could lead to a better understanding of organ formation and inform treatments for birth defects and other conditions.
Autistic adults face barriers to colonoscopies due to sensory and communication challenges, yet are less likely to receive the critical diagnostic procedure. Boston University's project aims to engage autistic voices through a national advisory board and patient-centered comparative clinical effectiveness research.
A new Stanford study suggests that unvegetated meandering rivers can leave sedimentary deposits similar to those of braided rivers, rewriting the story of plants and rivers' relationship with Earth. This finding has implications for understanding Earth's ancient and future climate, including carbon storage in floodplains.
Research by Ohio State University professor Vladimir Kogan suggests that students and parents have limited representation in school governance, leading to decreased focus on academic achievement. Parents and children make up only 20-35% of the electorate, with most voters prioritizing partisan issues over education.
A significant amount of mothers experience strong symptoms of worry and insecurity after childbirth, which is now being recognized as a natural part of parenthood. The study aims to reduce stigma and encourage open conversations between new mothers and healthcare professionals about their emotional challenges.
Researchers found that G9a/H3K9me2 localizes to centromeres to promote di-methylation, essential for proper chromosome segregation. It activates Aurora B and prevents repressive marks from encroaching into core centromeric domains.
A new study by the University of Surrey found that AI technologies can give hotels, restaurants, and cruise lines a competitive edge while improving environmental and social impact. The research calls for targeted staff training, industry-wide partnerships, and government-backed incentives to speed up AI adoption.
Researchers have sculpted photon spin into a three-dimensional toron, a knot-like structure that combines point-defect monopoles with swirling skyrmion tubes. This breakthrough enables the creation of robust optical circuits that could carry more data than current fiber links.
A study by University of New Hampshire researchers found that communities with higher walkability scores experienced a 4% reduction in average pandemic-related mental health deterioration. The study analyzed national census and survey data to measure the impact of walking on mental health during the pandemic.
A study published in Molecular Metabolism found that specific brain neurons in the hypothalamus play a crucial role in maintaining blood glucose levels during day-to-day activities. These neurons help regulate lipolysis, breaking down fat to produce glycerol and sugar.