A new tool called Socratic Challenger uses AI to help undergraduate students cultivate critical thinking skills in research question development. The framework, consisting of eight steps, including AI-enabled tasks, enables students to think critically about research and develop meaningful research questions.
Four assistant professors, Yahong Yang, Sammy Luo, Lebing Chen, and Kunyan Zhang, join Binghamton University as Simons Empire Faculty Fellows, bringing expertise in quantum materials and artificial intelligence. Their research focuses on developing new technologies, including energy-efficient systems and next-generation sensing platforms.
The 21st Century Cures Act led to a significant decrease in the number of studies relied on for FDA approvals, from 3.41 to 1.39, between 2016 and 2024. This shift has raised concerns about the safety and effectiveness of new therapeutics.
Researchers combined narwhal measurements with historical oceanographic data to build a robust model showing how temperature, salinity, and depth are related. The study found that warm Atlantic Intermediate Water has become thicker, accelerating glacier melting and influencing ocean circulation and climate patterns.
A new study reveals that support from spouses and friends is crucial for successful weight loss, differing from current public health approaches. This research emphasizes the need for tailored lifestyle practices that consider individual experiences.
Researchers discovered repeated night-time bursts of hormone secretion in patients with primary aldosteronism, a hormone disorder that affects up to one in five people with high blood pressure. This approach could potentially revolutionize how we diagnose hypertension and ultimately reduce cardiovascular disease.
Researchers have discovered evidence of cacao consumption by the Mississippian people in the 12th century at the Etowah Site in Georgia. The findings suggest that cacao was a staple at feasts in the region during this time period.
New research finds that 560 million children aged 0-9 are exposed to at least 1 additional month of heat stress due to climate change, with exposure expected to grow under further warming. The study highlights that children are disproportionately affected by heat stress, with the number of children affected projected to increase to 620...
The NHS 10 Year Health Plan fails to mention nature or biodiversity, a critical omission in mental health care and prevention strategies. The authors argue for a shift towards nature-based approaches to address the growing burden of mental health issues.
A nationally representative survey reveals that more than 4 in 10 US adults reporting childhood abuse are less likely to attend breast and cervical screenings. This disparity underscores the importance of trauma-informed healthcare approaches to improve cancer screening rates among survivors.
Researchers developed a 3D human stem cell-derived retina model to study CLN3-Batten disease, a rare inherited condition causing early vision loss and progressive neurological decline. The model showed that damage to RPE support cells can trigger photoreceptor degeneration, highlighting a complex picture of the disease.
A Northwestern University study identified 33 diagnoses associated with extreme heat exposure, including skin conditions, multiple sclerosis, and traffic accidents. The findings could help emergency departments and health care systems better prepare for heat waves, which are becoming more prevalent with climate change.
A new study published in Science Translational Medicine found that immune responses to urinary tract infections during pregnancy are linked to preterm births. Researchers identified specific immune responses, including cytokines and immune cells, that initiate adverse outcomes. Supplementing pregnant women with interleukin-10 or trappi...
Researchers at Queen Mary University of London have discovered a way to make wireless communication devices more adaptable by creating tiny distortions in a material's structure. This breakthrough could lead to smarter antennas, more efficient networks, and next-generation communication technologies.
A new study identified why men struggle with weight loss, finding traditional diet programs are often perceived as too restrictive and female-focused. Support from spouses and incorporating sport or physical activity may be key to successful weight-loss initiatives tailored for men.
A high-entropy electrode has been developed to improve the efficiency of green hydrogen production through anion-exchange membrane water electrolysis. The electrode, containing five metal elements, demonstrated excellent oxygen evolution performance and long-term stability in tests.
A non-invasive eye-tracking study reveals that gibbons gaze into the eyes when looking at others, a behavior shared with humans, great apes, and macaques. The study provides new insights into the evolutionary foundations of face perception and social information processing in primates.
The SKKU research team developed an LLM-based platform that proposes synthesis conditions and procedures for complex new materials. The platform iteratively refines itself based on experimental results, scoring an average of 4 out of 5 on key synthesis variables.
The study found that structural connectome embeddedness reveals a dynamic organizing dimension of human brain activity, where whole-brain functional activity is constrained by global structural topology. Higher CoDE values indicate stronger brain activity patterns embedded in structural connectome topology.
Researchers Dr. Laura Marie Helleckes and Dr. Bianca Schacherl receive grants from the Carl Zeiss Foundation to explore new methods for biotechnology and cancer treatment. They aim to identify scaling issues in biotech production processes and develop new spectromicroscopic platforms to analyze radioactive elements in biological samples.
The BMJH Sankalp Center for Paediatric Haematology Oncology has achieved JACIE certification, a landmark milestone for haematopoietic cell transplantation and cellular therapy in India. This certification ensures safe and effective care for children with life-threatening blood disorders.
The synergistic use of intraoperative ultrasound (IOUS) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) enhances precision and safety in brain tumor surgery. IOUS provides real-time anatomical localization, while CEUS visualizes tumor vascularization and infiltrative margins, facilitating precise resection and residual tumour detection.
Climate warming is affecting snail populations in China, linked to schistosomiasis transmission, with warming affecting snail survival and density. The study shows that seasonal temperature exposure, geography, and land use together determine where snail populations may expand or become vulnerable.
Researchers developed a cross-scale predictive framework to track emerging contaminants' behavior in rivers. The framework reveals distinct mechanistic rules for three major classes of contaminants, enabling reliable predictions and risk assessment.
A team of researchers from Wits and Bordeaux demonstrated a new way to send information through the atmosphere without correcting for atmospheric distortion. The findings, published in Science Advances, could help pave the way for more reliable long-distance optical communication, including links to satellites and spacecraft.
A new study reveals that mitochondria in dry plant seeds are fully functional and contain the necessary proteins for cellular respiration. This allows seeds to germinate rapidly within minutes of water uptake, using stored carbohydrates, proteins, and fats for energy.
A recent study analyzing 3.7 million menu options from 340 German university canteens reveals a significant shift towards more plant-based food environments. Vegan options increased by 275%, while meat-based dishes declined, leading to estimated annual reductions of 8,000 to 40,000 kilograms of CO₂ equivalents.
A review suggests targeting LRG1 could provide a new approach to cancer therapy, with extracellular blockade and intracellular degradation potentially addressing different components of LRG1 biology. This could complement established anti-angiogenic treatments and enhance apoptosis in cancer cells.
This special issue of Cancer Biology & Medicine presents a comprehensive snapshot of global cancer incidence and mortality, highlighting emerging trends and risk factors. The collection offers actionable insights for prevention and early detection, leveraging large-scale population data and innovative analytical frameworks.
A new study suggests that phytoene, a colorless precursor of lycopene, may contribute to tomatoes' protective effects against fatty liver disease. Mice given phytoene developed substantially less fatty liver disease than those without the compound.
Researchers at the Max Delbrück Center used proteomics and AI to identify a seven-protein signature in blood plasma that reliably indicates vasculitis remission. This biomarker could enable precise treatment with fewer side effects, improving patient outcomes.
A USF researcher explores whether human oversight is meaningful when AI has already shaped the information reaching a decision-maker, raising questions about AI ethics and responsibility. The researcher's findings highlight the need for greater awareness of the systems in which AI research and use are embedded.
A new study found that extreme heat is associated with higher alcohol consumption among adults 50 and older, particularly those with negative childhood experiences. The study suggests that experiences from childhood may remain relevant to drinking patterns decades later.
Researchers at Van Andel Institute discovered that Legionella bacteria use a protein called RomA to manipulate the host's epigenetic landscape, allowing it to survive and multiply. However, this manipulation is also subject to the host's rules, revealing a complex two-way conversation between host and pathogen.
A WVU researcher is working to make AI systems more transparent about their uncertainty, to prevent misinformation and improve trust in high-stakes fields like healthcare. The goal is for AI systems to identify when they're unsure and ask questions or provide more nuanced responses.
A study led by Albert Einstein College of Medicine found that children of centenarians live longer and have lower risks of cardiovascular disease and hypertension. The research, analyzing data from three geographically diverse studies, suggests that inherited biological factors beyond lifestyle contribute to exceptional healthy aging.
A study by Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago found that cochlear implants can significantly improve hearing and listening skills in children with severe hearing loss, even at younger ages. The study showed that most children experienced meaningful improvements within a year after receiving a cochlear implant.
A new study from Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health found that neighborhoods with medium levels of walkability had a 15% lower rate of developing type 2 diabetes after gestational diabetes mellitus. However, the association varied depending on individual and neighborhood socioeconomic circumstances, including Medicai...
Researchers Vincent Vatter and Robert Brignall found 55 times out of 1096 daily puzzles, the game 'lied' about high scores, with an average error of 2 points. They computed the true high score for every possible combination using a novel approach to reduce the apparent complexity of the problem.
A national study led by Lurie Children's Hospital finds that doctors may not always agree on common signs of pneumonia, such as crackles and decreased breath sounds, when examining the same child. The study suggests that a physical exam alone may not be enough to confidently diagnose pneumonia in children, highlighting the need for bet...
A study of 1.26 million bariatric surgery patients found 5.3% had extreme obesity, defined as a BMI of 60 kg/m² or higher. Despite a higher burden of health conditions, surgical risk remained relatively low, with complications occurring in 2.57% of cases.
UT MD Anderson Cancer Center is honoring the exceptional leadership of Dr. Peter Pisters, who announced his retirement to focus on his next career chapter. Dr. Jeffrey E. Lee has been named interim president, effective immediately, and will work closely with Pisters until the end of September.
A study published in the Journal of Nutrition Education & Behavior found that adults with visual impairment have medium to high culinary skills, but still face barriers to independent meal preparation, underscoring the need for accessible cooking education and support. The study identified factors associated with culinary skill levels,...
A global initiative, Global Wastewater Day, was launched to harness wastewater as an early warning system for public health protection. The initiative brings together scientists, governments, and public health organisations to establish a coordinated global wastewater intelligence network.
Researchers developed flexible living textiles based on caterpillar fungus, enabling growth, repair, and environmental response. The materials also exhibit biological functions, such as self-cleaning surfaces and ultraviolet protection.
Researchers propose a quantitative view of temporal encoding in cellular signaling, suggesting that patterns of signaling activity over time carry information. This 'temporal code' offers a fundamental information-theoretic advantage over classical concentration-based encoding, enabling cells to process complex signals.
A team developed a bio-inspired flexible bimodal sensor that enables simultaneous photoelectric and pressure sensing, achieving high accuracy in object recognition and navigation. The sensor's homologous perception strategy provides inherently aligned signals without post-hoc fusion, enabling multimodal sensing applications.
SEAS researchers demonstrate a unique 'all-mechanical coherence protection' of a silicon-vacancy spin in diamond using continuous mechanical driving fields made of phonons. This approach extends the spin coherence time by roughly a factor of three, establishing the potential for compact, sound-based quantum networks on chips.
A new dysphagia nursing quality evaluation index system was developed for neurosurgical inpatients with stroke using the three-dimensional quality model and Delphi method. The system showed acceptable expert authority and preliminary internal consistency, suggesting potential applicability for nursing quality monitoring.
Researchers discovered that metformin significantly reduces the risk of early and preterm births for mothers at high metabolic risk. In a study published in the New England Journal of Medicine, women taking metformin had a 35% lower odds of giving birth prematurely compared to those receiving a placebo.
Researchers found that bats have evolved genes that enable them to live longer without disease, and that this adaptability is linked to their ability to resist cancer. The study suggests that bats' unique genetic mechanism allows them to diversify gene function, potentially leading to new insights for human health.
Researchers develop a polymer nanogel system called Nano-ERASER that uses antibodies to degrade targeted proteins, inducing neuron regeneration and restoring neural circuits in human brain organoids and mice with Alzheimer's disease. The study provides a critical step in regenerative neuroscience, offering a roadmap for a potential cure.
A new study found that people with Parkinson’s disease have altered extracellular vesicles in their stool samples, suggesting changes in microbial communication. The study suggests that these vesicles could serve as biomarkers for the disease and potentially reveal new therapeutic targets.
Scientists at HZB developed a solution to improve perovskite growth on textured silicon substrates, using a caesium chloride seed layer to enhance uniformity and prevent lead iodide formation. This boosts efficiency in tandem solar cells to record values.
A new study from Northwestern University found that coronary calcium scans are most valuable for patients with borderline cardiovascular risk. The scans added relatively little to risk prediction from existing risk calculators, but provided a clearer picture for those at intermediate risk. The study suggests that not everyone needs a c...
A US study found that low neighborhood opportunity is associated with a higher concentration of fatal police pursuit incidents. Disproportionate impact on low-opportunity communities was observed, suggesting that future research should examine pursuit frequency and lethality differences.
GLP-1 receptor agonists were associated with lower mortality and cardiovascular events in serious mental illness patients. The benefits were evident within 1 year and were consistent across subgroups, driven by semaglutide and tirzepatide.
Scientists have developed a technique to measure the spectrum of a single molecule without destroying it. By using quantum information processing, they were able to detect the absorption of individual photons and identify a characteristic molecular vibration. This breakthrough enables precise spectroscopy of complex molecules and paves...
Researchers have developed paramedic cockroaches with cameras and medical injectors to deliver supervised emergency care to people trapped in collapsed buildings. The 'Paraborgs' achieved 95% success with close-range injection, demonstrating their potential to extend the reach of emergency medicine.
Researchers investigated the influence of thermocapillary convection on phase-change material melting under varying gravity conditions. The study found that aspect ratio is a key factor in determining the dominant convective regime, with thermocapillary effects dominating in flat cavities and natural convection dominating in cavities w...