Researchers found NfL levels increase with age in various animals, including mammals, birds, and reptiles. The protein can help assess biological age and predict life expectancy across species.
The study reveals that psychosis does not follow a single trajectory but is influenced by individual differences and treatment. It shows that cortical volume reduction, particularly in regions with high serotonin and dopamine receptor density, is a hallmark of the disease.
Researchers from Insilico Medicine and Lilly outline a comprehensive framework for fully autonomous, AI-orchestrated drug discovery. The vision integrates AI-driven target discovery, generative chemistry, automated synthesis, biological validation, and clinical planning into a single workflow.
Researchers tracked 17 bird species crossing Sahara Desert and Mediterranean Sea using miniature tracking devices. Birds flew at varying altitudes depending on wing morphology and plumage color, with some species flying extremely close to the water surface.
A recent study found that 81% of hikers rely on mobile phones for navigation, increasing the risk of getting lost or ending up in dangerous situations. Researchers emphasize the need for alternative strategies, such as using paper maps, marked trails, and asking other hikers, to ensure safe travel.
A novel wireless origami-inspired smart cushioning device has been developed to monitor deformation and detect damage to transported goods. The self-folded origami honeycomb device, integrated with passive wireless sensors, can provide real-time information on load conditions and impact.
Despite increased procedures, mortality rates remain high due to varying levels of care across Europe. Higher GDP per capita is associated with lower MI mortality rates, while greater CVD prevalence increases rates.
Researchers developed a winged composite pile foundation system to enhance wind resistance and utilize surplus excavated soil. The study found that larger expanded base wing diameters significantly increased uplift resistance, while soil density and surface characteristics of the steel components also played crucial roles.
Researchers developed a new model to predict long-term survival after heart failure in elderly Japanese patients. The Top-20 XGBoost model incorporates physical function metrics, rivaling the importance of traditional cardiovascular risk factors, and provides a more accurate estimation of mortality risk.
A large registry study identifies a specific genetic mismatch linked to severe acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) after cord blood transplantation, tripling the risk of life-threatening complications. Researchers found that a particular HLA combination in donors and recipients increased aGVHD risk by threefold.
Researchers found that both screening methods lead to more cases of early-stage cancer being detected, especially in the first two years. The study suggests that screening may have a preventive effect by removing precursors to cancer.
Researchers have uncovered a previously unknown genomic structure that emerges in developing germ cells, crucial for successful meiosis. This discovery may help create functional sperm and eggs outside the body, paving the way for new treatments for infertility.
Researchers have deciphered the signalling chain that stimulates plant root growth in response to nitrate. A key gene called MEKK14 determines the strength of this process, with more active variants leading to improved growth.
A new analysis of the Serbian SCAD Registry found that SCAD is most common in non-pregnant young women and menopausal women, often resolving fully without stent implantation. Careful observation alongside beta-blockers and psychological support may improve outcomes, but further studies are needed.
The new open-access reference guide emphasizes that breeding objectives must reflect farmer priorities and production realities. Local breeds are critical for climate adaptation and resilience in small-scale and low-input production systems, but many are at risk of extinction due to indiscriminate crossbreeding with exotic breeds.
A new study reveals the best- and worst-case scenarios for climate change in Antarctica, highlighting the urgent need to reduce emissions. Under high-emissions scenarios, Antarctica's ice shelves, glaciers, and iconic species could collapse, driving sea level rise and devastating ecosystems.
Researchers observed cleaner wrasse recognizing themselves in mirrors and experimenting with it, suggesting advanced intelligence known as 'contingency testing'. The fish also demonstrated flexible, self-referential processing, indicating widespread self-awareness across taxonomic groups, including fish.
Researchers at KIST developed an all-in-one single-atom water electrolysis catalyst that stably performs both hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution reactions on a single electrode. This technology significantly reduces precious metal usage while achieving outstanding performance and durability.
A new multicenter study by Kumamoto University and National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center found that working-age adults with shorter sleep durations are more likely to develop atrial fibrillation. In contrast, retirees showed no significant association between sleep duration and AF risk.
A new study from Timor-Leste shows that increasing fish supply alone is not enough to tackle malnutrition; targeted nutrition messaging and public awareness are also necessary. The study found that households exposed to both increased fish availability and nutrition campaign were nearly twice as likely to purchase fish.
Developed at Tohoku University's Advanced Institute for Materials Research, the new catalyst enables smoother hydrogen formation under alkaline conditions. The auxiliary-driving strategy improves both steps of the hydrogen evolution reaction, resulting in higher hydrogen evolution activity and efficient production with low energy loss.
A University of California - Riverside study has identified bed bugs' fear of water and wet surfaces, which affects their behavior and movement patterns. Researchers found that all bed bug ages and genders avoid wet surfaces, with younger insects being more sensitive to moisture.
A new study by the University of Cambridge found that many AI bots lack basic safety disclosures, including transparency about their abilities and potential risks. The 'AI Agent Index' revealed a significant transparency gap, with only four out of thirty agents publishing formal safety and evaluation documents.
Researchers found that Discord community Medimura functions as a 'third place,' providing a safe space for players to connect and share daily life. The study highlights the importance of digital platforms in promoting social wellbeing, particularly in Japan where casual social interactions can be limited.
A green and efficient photo-redox/hydrogen atom transfer synergistic catalytic strategy successfully synthesizes chiral α-aryl cyclic ketones. Thiophenols activate carbonyl compounds through Brønsted acid and HAT catalyst roles.
Researchers have developed a new way to generate acoustic frequency combs using phonon lasers, producing tunable comb teeth spanning from audible to ultrasonic frequencies. The breakthrough enables the creation of ultrabroadband acoustic frequency combs with thousands of evenly spaced frequencies.
A study published in the Journal of Apicultural Research found that combining a widely used mite-killing pesticide with an agent inhibiting its tolerance can effectively control varroa mites. The new treatment increases amitraz's killing power by 50% and shows promise for developing novel synergists to target these destructive mites.
A new study from the University of East Anglia found that babies with an increased likelihood of autism may struggle to settle into deep, restorative sleep. Those with high sensory sensitivity slept more lightly even in quiet environments.
The CU Anschutz School of Medicine has achieved the best ranking in NIH funding in 20 years, moving to No. 21 among all medical schools. This is attributed to the growth in NIH funding from $314 million, with nine clinical departments ranked in the top 15.
The Mayo Clinic Representative Office in the Cayman Islands will help patients make appointments at Mayo Clinic locations worldwide. The staff also assist with travel arrangements, billing, and insurance coordination, providing free services to patients and their families.
Researchers used high-resolution simulations to identify the impact of stellar rotation on element transport across a barrier layer in red giant stars. They found that rapid rotation amplifies wave mixing, resulting in observed chemical signatures.
The International Progressive MS Alliance has funded three global studies to address common symptoms of progressive MS, such as fatigue and cognitive impairment. These Well-Being Phase II Efficacy Awards aim to develop innovative approaches for improving well-being in people with progressive MS.
Researchers develop a new method to transform waste streams into a promising material for next-generation sodium-ion batteries. The study demonstrates how waste recycling can reduce environmental pollution and support the transition to sustainable energy storage technologies.
Scientists at NRL have used neutron scattering to investigate the magnetic behavior of ruthenium dioxide, finding that exchange bias is due to an interfacial layer rather than intrinsic altermagnetism. The study provides clarity on the mechanism behind a key effect in the rapidly growing field of altermagnetism.
Emerging biochar-based nanomaterials show promise in tackling global challenges such as climate change and healthcare innovation. These materials may support cleaner energy systems, improved health technologies, and resilient infrastructure through their unique properties and applications.
A team from MIT and UC San Diego has developed a new method to uncover hidden biases, moods, and abstract concepts in large language models (LLMs). The approach identifies these connections within the model and allows for manipulation of the concept in generated answers.
A groundbreaking study finds that analyzing soil color indices is a scientifically sound way to predict Soil Organic Matter and offers a path toward sustainable, widespread soil monitoring. Digital color analysis reduces costs by 96% while eliminating the need for toxic reagents.
The National Reactor Innovation Center's new Molten Salt Thermophysical Examination Capability will enable researchers to gather reliable data for designing and testing molten salt reactors. The capability is a key step toward advancing next-generation nuclear reactor technologies, addressing national energy objectives.
A new study published in the Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (JNCCN) identifies significant long-term health risks among testicular cancer survivors treated with contemporary chemotherapy regimens. Researchers found that survivors treated with etoposide and cisplatin (EPx4) had higher odds of renal impairment, hear...
The partnership aims to accelerate advanced nuclear reactor deployment and reduce costs through AI-driven design, licensing, and operation. By leveraging AI, Prometheus Grand Challenge seeks to deliver nuclear energy at a faster schedule, with at least 2x acceleration and greater than 50% operational cost reductions.
A Northumbria University PhD student has led an international team in creating the first-ever three-dimensional map of Uranus's upper atmosphere. The observations provide detailed information on where auroras form and how energy moves through the planet's atmosphere, confirming that the upper atmosphere is still cooling.
Researchers have identified specific changes in genetic material that can predict the effectiveness of chemotherapy in young adults with germ cell tumors. A blood test based on these changes could help doctors make personalized decisions about treatment.
A new machine learning model interprets leg motion as expended energy, providing a more accurate measure of calories burned. The device has been shown to have double the accuracy of commercial smartwatches and activity trackers.
Researchers at Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences have discovered a new way to generate ultra-precise, evenly spaced laser light combs on a photonic chip. This breakthrough could miniaturize optical platforms like spectroscopic sensors or communication systems.
Exercise mimetics aim to replicate the muscle-brain axis benefits of physical activity without requiring engagement in regular exercise. By activating key molecular pathways, these compounds may alleviate depressive symptoms without traditional therapy or medication.
A study analyzing tumours from almost 500 pet cats identified genetic changes that could help treat breast cancer in humans and animals. Similarities were found between feline mammary cancers and human breast cancers, suggesting potential avenues for therapy.
Researchers developed a method to extract internal representations of knowledge from AI models, allowing for monitoring and steering towards improved output. The technique, using Recursive Feature Machine, revealed transferable concept representations across languages, enabling multi-concept steering.
A recent study sequenced cancer genes in domestic cats, comparing them to human cancer-causing mutations. The researchers identified similar oncogenes and tumor-predisposing genes in both species, which could inform veterinary cancer treatments and human medicine.
A study of deep-sea cores suggests that rapid climate swings during the Quaternary Period led to variability in glacial periods, which may have influenced early human evolution. The research found that climate conditions switched from stable warmth to cold chaos around 2.7 million years ago.
A new accounting technique can help close the gender pay gap by determining pay raises in terms of dollars rather than percentages. Research finds that this approach significantly reduces pay gaps, even when employees are doing different jobs.
A new study reveals that the presence of older fish accelerates bar loss in young tomato anemonefish, a process linked to social hierarchy and environmental adaptability. The researchers suggest this may be an insurance policy against invasion, with younger fish losing their bars as they are accepted into the group.
Researchers at Universitatsklinikum Bonn have identified genetic and non-genetic factors that help the body fight Epstein-Barr virus. Genome sequencing data revealed correlations with HIV infections, smoking, and seasonal fluctuations in EBV viral load, suggesting new avenues for investigating EBV immunity.
Syzygium jambolanum extracts demonstrate significant protective and antidiabetic effects, improving glycaemic control and metabolic health. The study reveals a systemic protective effect beyond glucose lowering alone.
Researchers developed MULTI-evolve, a framework for efficient protein evolution that applies machine learning models to predict beneficial mutations and their combinations. The approach identified function-enhancing mutations and tested their pairwise combinations, demonstrating improved efficiency in protein engineering.
Consuming virgin olive oil, but not refined olive oil, improves cognitive function and increases gut microbiota diversity in older adults. The study suggests that extra virgin olive oil's impact on brain function may be due to its effects on the gut microbiota.
A new method to steer AI output uncovers vulnerabilities and potential improvements. The researchers identified 512 concepts within five classes and improved LLM performance on narrow tasks.
Researchers developed an ultrathin mesh of conductive wires to help lab-grown pancreatic cells mature and function properly. The approach, called 'cyborg' transplants, has the potential to expand the supply of new tissue and reduce rejection risk.
Researchers from the University of Southern Denmark have identified a new virus in a common gut bacterium that appears more frequently in patients with colorectal cancer. The study demonstrates a statistical association between the virus and colorectal cancer, but its role is still unclear.
A new spinosaurid species, S. mirabilis, with a distinctive scimitar-shaped crest has been discovered in Niger's central Sahara, adding to the understanding of spinosaurid evolution. The fossil find challenges the long-held hypothesis that these fish-eating theropods lived in an oceanic habitat.
A new national study by the University of Southern California's Race and Equity Center found that 94% of professional athletes believe they should be allowed to engage in political activism. The study highlights the power of pro athletes' platforms and encourages them to use their influence to promote racial justice and activism.