Researchers estimate that between 3000-3700 cases of avoidable healthcare-associated harm occur every year in English prisons. The study found that prisoners are 41-67 times more likely to experience such harms due to poor healthcare compared to the general public.
A higher dietary intake of soy and legumes is associated with a lower risk of high blood pressure. The optimal daily amount may be around 170g of legumes, which include peas, lentils, chickpeas, and beans, and 60-80g of soy foods.
Children who need life-saving emergency surgery are nearly six times more likely to die if treated in poorer countries compared to wealthier ones. Major differences in care, including delayed hospital arrival and limited access to critical treatments, contribute to this disparity.
In a study, pilot whales were found to make their calls louder in noisy waters to be heard. The whales' loudest calls are used for finding their pod after deep dives, but these are also the most difficult to hear over background noise from ships.
A new peer-reviewed study found that Michigan State University's Rx Kids program is associated with substantial reductions in child maltreatment investigations among infants. The program provided early economic support to families, leading to a 7-percentage-point decline or 32% relative reduction in maltreatment investigations.
A new study from Durham University found that the way parents instruct and encourage infants to help plays a key role in shaping their helping behavior. The research, published in Developmental Psychology, discovered clear cultural differences in parenting styles between the UK and Uganda.
A Columbia University School of Nursing AI-assisted audit found nearly 3,000 biomedical papers with fake citations, highlighting an alarming trend in academic publishing. The study recommends publishers verify references and indexing services add metadata for accurate reference assessment.
Nine leading AI models failed to perform well on routine administrative tasks, such as counting patients and filtering records. However, a tool-based approach combining LLMs with code-generation improved accuracy for most capable models.
Research reveals low adherence to recommended biannual A1C tests among postpartum women with newly diagnosed diabetes. Disparities emerged by race, insurance status, and family size, with significant gaps in care for Black women and those insured by Medicaid.
A new five-year study led by UC San Diego Health is seeking to improve sleep and reduce delirium among adults in the ICU through evidence-based strategies. The research team will investigate which sleep-promotion methods are most effective in this setting, engaging patients, families, and clinicians throughout the process.
Dr. Rebecca T. Hahn, MD, is the first imager to receive the TCT Geoffrey O. Hartzler Master Operator Award for her groundbreaking work in imaging structural heart procedures. Her unparalleled expertise has redefined the role of imaging in cardiovascular care.
A new study reveals that more than a fifth (21.2%) of angiosperm evolutionary history is at risk of extinction, with 9,945 species identified as priorities for conservation. These EDGE species collectively represent approximately 44.4 million years of angiosperm evolutionary history and are threatened by human activities.
A new study warns that land-use changes in Bangladesh's Chittagong Hill Tracts could reduce the region's ability to store carbon, with measurable environmental and economic consequences by 2043. The study found that deep forest cover has declined while built-up areas, agricultural land, and scattered trees have expanded.
A new study found that lithium treatment can improve impulse control and decision-making in individuals with a history of medically severe suicide attempts. Researchers believe earlier identification of suicide risk and intervention with lithium may help reduce the likelihood of suicidal behavior.
A study published in JAMA Network Open found that stronger, more stable, and less fragmented daily patterns of rest and activity are associated with slower physiological aging. The research suggests that these patterns may serve as potential targets for interventions to slow the aging process.
Researchers highlight engineered biochar as a promising material for capturing carbon dioxide, overcoming limitations of raw biochar through rational engineering. Heteroatom doping improves interactions with CO2 molecules, increasing adsorption efficiency.
Researchers have developed a new processing method that allows ferroelectricity to be directly written into aluminum nitride using helium ion beams, reducing energy loss and increasing the material's ferroelectric potential. This breakthrough enables the creation of devices with minimal power consumption and robust data storage.
A new review paper warns that wildfire smoke's health risks remain poorly understood due to a lack of direct biomedical evidence. The study argues that most current research relies on population-level correlations rather than detailed biomedical analysis.
University of Missouri researchers develop organic transistors that process information like biological neural networks, boosting brain-like computing and potentially leading to more energy-efficient artificial intelligence. The approach could lead to significant improvements in tasks such as pattern recognition and decision-making.
A recent study published in Science Advances highlights the importance of maintaining mitochondrial DNA integrity for extending lifespan. Biologist Jean-Francois Gout's contributions show that reducing IGF-1 signaling is not universally beneficial, and instead, can lead to compromised mitochondrial function if the genome is unstable.
Researchers found that mice fed high-fat diets during pregnancy developed more severe symptoms of necrotizing enterocolitis and had poorly developed intestines. The study suggests a link between maternal obesity and diabetes, as well as maternal diet, to the development of this deadly condition in preterm babies.
Researchers develop method to remove CENH3 protein from egg cells, producing paternal haploids and accelerating breeding process. The technique enables efficient production of non-transgenic haploids, reducing breeding time from years to a single season.
A study published in New Phytologist has identified a genetic region on the X chromosome that determines the sex of cannabis plants. Researchers also found this same region in hops, suggesting a shared 'sex switch'. This discovery has practical implications for agriculture, particularly for crop yields and plant breeding.
A Charité study analyzed therapist experiences worldwide to create a profile for successful psychedelic-assisted therapy. Key characteristics include stable environment, support from loved ones, and specific personality traits that contribute to treatment success.
A study protocol from Hasanuddin University aims to address gaps in mental health interventions for adolescent girls in Gorontalo, Indonesia. The qualitative study will explore experiences and perspectives of young women and stakeholders to develop a community-based intervention model.
The Education Powerhouse Research Series explores how China can move from having a large education system to becoming a strong one. Professor Ke Zheng argues that building a 'Chinese independent knowledge system' must prioritize utility over international recognition.
A study published in The Lancet Infectious Diseases explores a new host-response assay to detect active tuberculosis and predict future disease. The Cepheid Xpert MTB Host Response test shows good accuracy for detecting active TB, but its ability to predict future disease is moderate.
A new research paper presents a practical diagnostic approach for detecting high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma using a low-cost, portable color sensor device. The method tracks inorganic phosphate generated during nucleic acid amplification, producing a visible green signal that correlates with the amount of amplified DNA.
A study found that a smartphone app combined with personal coaching via text messages can be an effective intervention against depression, anxiety, and eating disorders in university students. The app proved more effective than traditional campus counseling services, especially for students from disadvantaged backgrounds.
Electron crystals, similar to atomic structures of crystals, can accumulate defects as they melt. Controlling the degree of melting may enable devices with neuromorphic computing and superconductors. The researchers found that electron crystals in metals can deform and melt, similar to physical solids, and their structure could be prec...
Dr. Yannik Zobus's LASE-FUSE project aims to develop a comprehensive, modular simulation framework for fusion laser systems, enabling holistic modeling and virtual optimization of complex systems. The project will receive three million euros in funding over five years through the 'Fusionstalente' program.
A study by researchers at the University of Pittsburgh found that older scientists produce fewer disruptive new ideas than younger ones, creating a 'nostalgia effect' that influences scientific advancement. As scientists age, their papers tend to cite older research in new combinations rather than introducing wholly new concepts.
Targeted manipulation of quorum sensing (QS) reduces nitrous oxide release by nearly 50%, cuts aeration energy by over 60% and boosts methane production. QS-enhanced gene expression increases direct interspecies electron transfer activity, turning organic waste into methane.
Brano Therapeutics has secured $6.8 million in seed funding to develop new treatments for heart failure with preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF), a condition with limited treatment options. The company will leverage Duke-NUS' scientific expertise and research platforms to accelerate the development of these therapies.
A three-year longitudinal study of 4,000 adults reveals that proactive engagement and self-agency can measurably improve brain performance across the lifespan. The study's findings challenge the notion that cognitive decline is an inevitable part of aging.
The study introduces an architectural approach to improve carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites' strength and resistance to catastrophic failure. The design features custom-designed thermoplastic lattice interlayers that preserve load-bearing pathways while allowing damage to spread gradually.
A new study is exploring the effects of a nasal spray flu vaccine on children's immune systems, aiming to boost future protection and lower vaccine hesitancy rates. The study will provide valuable insights into how children develop immunity to influenza vaccines.
Cancer cells with abnormal chromosome numbers are more resistant to treatment due to reduced PARP1 levels. This abnormality rewires how cancer cells grow and spread.
Birmingham researchers demonstrate a new, sustainable way to break down toxic pollutants in wastewater using sunlight and molecular-thin catalysts created using an innovative mechanical approach. The method increases degradation performance by up to 2.5 times compared to bulk raw material.
A new study suggests that toxic mercury exposure may disrupt metabolic health, affecting liver function and cardiovascular disease risk in vulnerable populations. Researchers used a high-dose methylmercury exposure model to explore how differences in apolipoprotein E (ApoE) forms affect mercury toxicity.
The partnership aims to advance AI, cybersecurity, health, wildfire management, and Indigenous language revitalization. The two universities will amplify their collaborations in strategic priority areas, including agritech and climate innovation.
Researchers at KAIST and Stanford University discovered that complex compositions of multimetallic nanoparticles lead to their growth into more uniform structures, contrary to conventional expectations. This phenomenon enables the creation of high-performance catalysts and eco-friendly energy materials.
A study by Marta Serra-Garcia examines how incentives in the online attention economy shape scientific communication, finding that attention-driven summaries are not more likely to be factually inaccurate but tend to include less information. The research reveals a trade-off between engaging content and conveying accurate details.
Researchers at Aalto University developed a new ultrasonic needle that can collect 2-3 times more tissue than current biopsy methods, improving cancer diagnosis accuracy. The minimally invasive approach shows strong potential for broader diagnostic use, particularly in rare salivary gland tumors.
A new study introduces a free, open-source Web Crop Phenology Metrics Service (WCPMS) for analyzing large Earth observation satellite time series, enabling efficient crop monitoring. The tool calculates phenological metrics from data cubes and validates its effectiveness using soybean sowing dates in Brazil.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center identified the missing link in how a common gut bacterium, B. fragilis, triggers colon cancer. The team found that BFT toxin binds to host receptor claudin-4 before causing damage, revealing a potential strategy for preventing colon damage and cancer.
A new treatment approach has been developed to treat spinal cord injuries by activating signaling pathways in both injured and uninjured nerve cells. Using the protein hyper-interleukin-6 (hIL-6), the researchers showed consistent improvements in walking ability and coordinated gait patterns in mice with contusion injuries.
Researchers investigate how phase errors in MEMS gyroscopes affect force-to-rebalance rate measurement, identifying which errors matter most and proposing calibration strategies. The study shows that some errors mainly disturb drive-frequency locking, while others degrade scale factor and zero-rate output in the sense loop.
A new study from the University of California, Davis, projects that 7-16% of global plant species will lose more than 90% of their range by 2100 under current climate change projections. Habitat loss is expected to drive these extinctions, rather than a plant's ability to shift locations in response to climate change.
Research reveals that policy, accessibility, and Quality of Life are key determinants for attracting startups in smart cities. A new policy-oriented framework provides policymakers with insights into startup attraction and evaluation tools.
A new national study led by Michigan State University researcher Amber Pearson found that the biological benefits of nature are not experienced equally across all populations. While higher tree canopy is generally associated with lower allostatic load, this association was not seen in less-advantaged groups.
Researchers have created a new scale to measure whether lactating mothers' psychological needs are being met, providing a tool to improve breastfeeding outcomes. The study found that when all three basic needs (autonomy, competence, and relatedness) are satisfied, exclusive breastfeeding is more likely to persist.
ECNU scholars Prof. Cui Yunhuo and Prof. Lei Hao have been recognized as Highly Cited Researchers in Education for their research impact. Their work has been influential in national curriculum reform and educational research, with multiple awards and publications to their credit.
Researchers at the University of Liège discovered that surfactin, a molecule produced by beneficial soil bacteria, activates plant immunity by interacting directly with the plant cell membrane. This mechanism differs from classical immune recognition and provides a solid basis for developing targeted bio-based crop protection strategies.
Research suggests that some ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays could consist of atomic nuclei heavier than iron, losing energy more slowly as they travel through intergalactic space. This finding could help narrow down the possible sources of these particles and impact how we search for their origins.
A study published in PLOS Biology reveals that small samples of trafficked pangolin DNA can track illegal trade routes and hotspots, including southwest Cameroon, Myanmar, and Africa. The research highlights the interconnectedness of domestic and international markets, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions to disrupt traffick...
Fuel-reduction strategies like prescribed burns and forest thinning reduce wildfire spread and intensity by up to 36% and prevent $2.7-$2.8 billion in damages annually. These interventions yield more than three times the value in avoided damages for each dollar invested.
Studies show that when fuel prices rise, hybrid drivers increasingly rely on electric charging to improve vehicle performance and reduce emissions. However, only about 32% of hybrid mileage is driven using the vehicle's electric mode.
A recent study found that a 10-week nutrition and body image intervention program improved eating behaviors, physical activity, and body image among women undergoing substance use treatment. The program also reduced disordered eating behaviors and weight-related concerns.
Dr. Natalie Hoffmann receives the inaugural Jane Silverthorne Postdoctoral Fellowship to investigate plant cell wall plasticity during arbuscular mycorrhizal symbioses. She aims to understand how plants remodel their cell walls to allow beneficial fungi to grow through them.