A recent study found that lower vaccination coverage among infants born to unscreened mothers is associated with a substantial increase in HBV infections. The researchers used simulation modeling to examine the impact of different levels of newborn vaccination coverage and maternal screening on HBV infection rates.
A nationally representative survey found that nearly 7 in 10 people trust vaccine scientists to act in their best interests, similar to medical scientists and scientists in general. The public perceives vaccine scientists as credible, self-correcting, and unbiased, with their work benefiting society.
Researchers surveyed in Sweden reveal differing attitudes towards research misconduct and questionable practices across disciplines. Medical scientists hold the strictest views, while social sciences and humanities researchers tend to be more lenient, particularly with regards to open science.
A large study found a U-shaped association between cholesterol levels and mortality among Chinese adults, suggesting that very low cholesterol may be linked to higher cancer risk. The study defined optimal cholesterol thresholds for Chinese adults at specific values, which differ from those for UK adults.
A new study by Florida Atlantic University researchers highlights the role of urban planning in increasing pedestrian and bicyclist fatalities in the US. The study reveals that everyday destinations like grocery stores and pharmacies along busy roads significantly increase risk of serious injury or death.
Research reveals reduced portal insulin in HCV patients, correlating with proinflammatory cytokines and altered immune responses. This finding indicates a potential link between the immune system and insulin dynamics in HCV infection, with implications for managing dysglycemia.
Scientists at the University of Minnesota have discovered a powerful new method for controlling the electronic behavior of metals by adjusting film thickness at the nanometer scale, which can tune surface work function by over 1 eV.
A new Johns Hopkins University study reveals a significant link between following 'new right' media outlets and vaccine hesitancy. The research surveyed nearly 3,000 adults, finding that those who engage with these outlets are more than twice as likely to be hesitant about vaccines.
Research finds that women's education level has a minimal direct effect on whether and when women form families. Education shifts the timing of family planning but does not prevent or avoid family formation. Structural barriers persist, including workplaces penalizing mothers and traditional marriage practices.
A team of scientists developed a chlorophyll-based supramolecular polymer that can gradually evolve from nonhelical fibers into well-defined helical structures. The transformation occurs cooperatively and is driven by small energy differences between stable arrangements, offering a blueprint for designing dynamic helical structures.
Researchers developed an AI tool that analyzes routine electronic health records to predict ADHD risk in children years before a typical diagnosis. The model accurately identified risk in children age 5 and older, with consistent performance across patient characteristics.
A 10-year study found that obesity leaves a lasting impact on the immune system, with helper T cells carrying a long memory of being overweight. This 'memory' can lead to ongoing risk of obesity-related conditions even after weight loss.
A host of positive 'tipping points' can spark rapid nature recovery, according to Professor Tim Lenton. This includes triggering large-scale ecosystem regeneration and spreading nature-positive activities.
Researchers leveraged a surprise discovery to devise a new bioimaging method that captures 3D images of the human blood-brain barrier 25 times faster than existing technology. This technique enables scientists to test whether new drugs for neurodegenerative diseases reach their targets in the brain.
A new study published in Circulation: Population Health and Outcomes journal links cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome to a higher risk of developing cancer. The study found that individuals with advanced heart, kidney, and metabolic disease face a sharper increase in cancer risk only in the later stages of CKM syndrome.
A team of researchers at Kyoto University used NICER and Hisaki to study a superflare on the star UX Arietis, finding that photoionization is the dominant mechanism behind the iron Kα line. This discovery provides a diagnostic tool for astronomers to infer flare locations on stellar surfaces.
A study using mice and simulations found that abdominal contractions compress blood vessels connected to the spinal cord and brain, enabling gentle brain movement that facilitates cerebrospinal fluid flow and potentially removes neural waste. This mechanism may explain why exercise is thought to benefit brain health.
A new Stanford Medicine study shows that brain-scan averages obscure individual brain dynamics, particularly in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. By analyzing data from over 4,000 children, researchers found distinct patterns of brain activity when data is analyzed individually versus as a group.
A research team at the University of Basel has uncovered how a key protein switches on the machinery that enables Leptospira pathogens to survive and cause disease. By understanding this process, scientists may design drugs that keep the pathogen from becoming virulent, preventing severe cases and reducing mortality.
Researchers have developed a new tool called Cheese3D to track subtle changes in mouse facial expression, enabling scientists to study and interpret brain function with greater accuracy. The system uses AI to quantify facial movements, opening up new possibilities for studying autism, behavioral therapy, and disease states.
Adolescents who follow social media tipsters report higher gambling intention and increased frequency. The study highlights the need for stronger regulation of tipster-related marketing and media literacy programmes to address persuasive strategies and improve risk awareness.
A new study suggests that repurposed drugs, including acetazolamide, tacrolimus, and LB-100, may improve treatment for a rare form of infant leukemia. By targeting specific genetic weaknesses, these treatments could slow disease progression and increase survival rates.
Researchers developed a powerful new way to study immune system behavior in lung tumors by combining a patient-relevant mouse model with single-cell technologies. The team provides one of the most comprehensive immune maps to date of lung adenocarcinoma, closely mimicking how tumors grow in patients.
A new AI system called GrimACE uses automated facial recognition to detect subtle signs of pain and discomfort in laboratory mice. The system has been shown to accurately detect pain and provide comparable results to human raters, improving animal welfare in labs.
A comprehensive analysis of US state and local sanctuary and anti-sanctuary policies reveals associations with immigrants' health outcomes. Sanctuary policies are linked to improved community trust, reduced crime, and higher employment rates, while anti-sanctuary policies increase deportation risk and negatively impact mental health.
Researchers found that the hippocampal CA3 network starts out dense but becomes sparser and more refined as animals mature, following a pruning model. This suggests an initially exuberant connectivity allows for efficient integration of visual, smell, and sound information.
Researchers suggest that infrasound, a type of low-frequency sound undetectable by humans, may explain paranormal experiences. Exposure to infrasound has been shown to increase cortisol levels and irritability, even if participants are unaware they are listening to it.
Scientists successfully built the smallest X-ray interferometer to measure how X-rays interact with atomic nuclei. This breakthrough technology enables precise measurement of X-ray refraction and provides new avenues for research.
A team of researchers from KAIST has developed a DNA-based molecular computer that can operate at a much smaller scale than conventional semiconductor devices. The system enables both computation and memory within the same device, opening up new possibilities for future computing technologies in bio and medical applications.
A systematic review from Flinders University supports effective AI systems for cardiovascular care, providing more accurate diagnoses and proactive interventions. The study highlights the importance of strong governance, workforce readiness, and organisational support for sustainable implementation.
Fossils of a toothed platypus species, Obdurodon insignis, reveal that it lived 25 million years ago in a diverse ecosystem with other animals like lungfish, dolphins, and flamingos. The discovery provides new insights into the evolutionary history of modern platypuses.
A new study found significant socio-economic inequalities in accessing mental health care, with children from deprived areas more likely to have their referrals rejected or experience worse clinical outcomes. Younger children under 11 are also less likely to receive help, hindering early intervention efforts.
A study identifies fucosylated immunoglobulin G (IgG) as a key mediator contributing to adipose tissue dysfunction during aging. Fucosylation levels of IgG were significantly increased in aged mice, exacerbating inflammation and fibrosis while inhibiting adipogenesis.
A new AI-powered framework integrates phenotype-target coupled screening for efficient discovery of Chinese herbal medicine-derived drugs. The approach leverages advanced technologies, including AI-driven analysis and high-throughput screening, to identify promising candidates and uncover mechanism clues.
Researchers have developed glycocalyx engineering strategies to enhance immune cell functions against B lymphoma. By customizing the NK-92MI glycocalyx, they created selectin ligands that improved in vivo elimination of mouse xenografts, offering a cost-effective candidate for cancers with reduced CD19 antigen levels.
A randomized clinical trial found symptom-based dosing decreases discharge time compared to scheduled opioid taper approaches among infants with opioid withdrawal. This approach, using Eat, Sleep, Console, led to faster recovery and improved outcomes.
A new study introduces a neural-network-based switching output regulation controller for high-speed nano-positioning stages, reducing hysteresis nonlinearity and improving tracking performance. The research presents a mechatronic platform and control framework that supports reliable micro- and nano-scale manipulation.
Field experiments in China demonstrate that applying halotolerant plant growth-promoting bacteria via drip irrigation can alleviate soil salinity stress, enhance jujube productivity and fruit quality. Drip-applied PGPB treatments also modified bacterial metabolic functions and reshaped the rhizosphere bacterial community.
Researchers are using space-based experiments to develop new methods for protecting and repairing heart tissue, with the goal of creating more robust tissue engineering techniques. By studying the effects of microgravity on heart tissue, scientists hope to identify new targets for therapy and improve patient outcomes.
A Tokyo Metropolitan University scientist has proposed using standard synchrotron facilities to study dark photons, a key step in the hunt for dark matter. The method uses radiation safety monitoring data to estimate limits on dark photon properties.
Experts at ISHLT's annual meeting explored how countries allocate heart transplants, with a focus on balancing competing priorities like saving the sickest patients and ensuring fairness. The discussion highlighted key differences in global allocation schemes, including France's data-driven model, which aims to prioritize patients base...
At the ISHLT meeting, experts discussed the use of robotic technology in lung transplantation, highlighting potential benefits such as improved recovery and expanded access to transplantation for frail patients. However, Dr. Hermann Reichenspurner presented counterpoints, emphasizing that current evidence does not demonstrate superior ...
Advances in pediatric heart care have increased survival rates, but a shortage of donor hearts means many children still die waiting. Experts urge a shift from 'perfect' donor hearts to carefully selected organs and technological innovations to expand the donor pool.
A recent study published in Nature Medicine found that AI-powered chatbots can effectively answer nuanced clinical questions, even when paired with human doctors. The research suggests that successful collaboration depends on integrating AI tools into medical workflow, where they can provide initial takes or second opinions.
Renowned physician-scientist Francis Collins was recognized for his groundbreaking work on the Human Genome Project and leadership at the National Institutes of Health. The Center for BrainHealth Award honors pioneers who fundamentally reshape understanding of the brain and human potential.
Deaths from non-ischemic CS have risen sharply in the US, while ischemic CS deaths declined between 1999-2020. Researchers warn of a growing public health challenge that requires policy initiatives and targeted trials.
A novel detection algorithm using finger cuff technology detected moderate-to-severe aortic stenosis with a sensitivity of 90.5% and 100% in African American patients, showing excellent performance for screening purposes.
Plant cells rely on fatty acids during seed to seedling stage; PEX11 protein helps regulate peroxisome size changes. Researchers create mutants with altered PEX11 genes, observing massive peroxisomes that don't shrink back down, revealing the protein's critical role in plant growth.
A new study uses a process-based model to predict biochar's effectiveness in various agricultural systems worldwide. The research highlights that biochar can improve soil health and reduce greenhouse gas emissions, but its benefits vary depending on climate, soil conditions, and management practices.
The EmPOWERED to Serve Business Accelerator provides early-stage entrepreneurs with nondilutive funding and mentorship to scale purpose-driven health innovations. The program aims to close the gap between innovators closest to communities and those facing barriers to growth.
Researchers estimate that recarbonizing one-third of Brazil's agricultural land could meet the country's Nationally Determined Contribution under the Paris Agreement. Sustainable practices like crop rotation and no-till farming can increase soil carbon storage, with potential increases of up to 15.3% in some biomes.
A University of Cincinnati study proves the feasibility and scalability of collecting blood from patients in cardiac arrest during treatment. The approach, which involves paramedics delivering samples to a biorepository, showed significant variation among patients and underscores the need for further research.
Researchers created a microfluidic device to measure cell size and stiffness, enabling the analysis of large numbers of cells quickly. The new method uses time-of-flight measurements to determine cell stiffness, with potential applications in disease diagnosis and prognosis.
Scientists have developed a strategy to enhance the cancer-fighting power of natural killer cells by suppressing specific proteins. This approach effectively kills human cancer cells across several hard-to-treat tumour types, including leukemia and triple-negative breast cancer.
Researchers discovered a new immune tolerance mechanism that relies on blocking Signal Two coupling, rather than expanding it. This finding holds promise for developing new therapies against inflammatory bowel disease and other autoimmune conditions.
A team of researchers at the Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience discovered that immature neurons in the brain respond differently to damage caused by Alzheimer's disease. In resilient individuals, these cells activate programs to help them survive and cope with damage.
The study reveals that hair follicles contain specialized sentinel cells that monitor environmental exposure and microbial presence, potentially linking immune detection to sensory signaling. The discovery may have implications for understanding skin infections, immune disorders, and topical therapeutics.
The ISSCR emphasizes that continued investment in hESC research is essential to sustaining scientific progress and advancing life-saving therapies. Human embryonic stem cells remain a cornerstone of modern biomedical research due to their status as a gold standard for human pluripotency.
A US study found that anti-vaping advertising and widespread news coverage of a lung-injury outbreak tied to vaping reversed the country's youth vaping trend in 2019. Quit attempt rates nearly doubled among current vapers, while susceptibility to future vaping dropped among teens who had never vaped.
Researchers at Scripps Research identify S-nitrosylation of protein STING as driver of chronic brain inflammation in Alzheimer's disease. Blocking this process protects brain cell connections and preserves synapses.