Researchers have successfully demonstrated the first InAs/InP quantum-dot laser in the mid-infrared 2 μm band, achieving a low threshold current density of 118 A/cm² at room temperature. The device's precise control strategy and high-density, uniform quantum-dot ensemble enable high-performance devices on heterogeneous platforms.
Research suggests that lower oral microbiota diversity is associated with poorer cognitive function in people with schizophrenia. The study also identified specific microbial metabolic pathways potentially linked to this relationship.
A study published in Science of The Total Environment found that e-cigarette exposure alters gut microbiota composition and affects neurobehavior in zebrafish. The researchers observed disruptions in the gut microbiome, with reduced microbial network stability and altered community composition, suggesting potential health risks.
A global strategy is required to address the issue of reduced ozone decline despite decreased emissions of precursor pollutants in North America and Europe. The study found that increased transport of ozone from abroad is the main driver of the weaker-than-expected decline of ozone levels.
Researchers have developed a method to convert cigarette butts into advanced nanoporous carbon electrodes, resulting in high energy and power densities alongside exceptional long-term stability. The process also offers a scalable pathway for producing sustainable, low-cost electrode materials for next-generation energy storage systems.
Researchers develop a method to convert mannan-rich palm handicraft wastes into levomannosan and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural through optimized pyrolysis. This process establishes a clear structure–reaction–product relationship, enabling the production of valuable platform chemicals from agricultural waste.
A team of researchers has observed the Einstein–de Haas effect in a Bose–Einstein condensate, demonstrating the transfer of angular momentum from atomic spins to fluid motion. This finding highlights the conservation of angular momentum between microscopic spin and macroscopic mechanical rotation in the quantum world.
Researchers developed a green composite material from biodegradable polymers and Yakushima Jisugi tree bark, finding that its mechanical strength predicts biodegradation process. The team tracked degradation over six months, developing a model linking strength loss to the degradation process.
Researchers diagnosed a rare genetic disease, acromesomelic dysplasia, in two prehistoric individuals from southern Italy using ancient DNA analysis. The study provides new insight into the history of rare diseases in humans and suggests sustained care within the community may have contributed to one individual's survival.
A study co-led by UMass Amherst researchers identified hundreds of genes and proteins linked to Type 2 diabetes, many not captured by blood samples alone. The research found that genetic diversity across populations is crucial for identifying disease drivers.
A new study using digital twins shows that operational emissions from heating dominate total building emissions, with coal-based heating contributing significantly to emissions. The findings emphasize the need for low-carbon heating technologies, efficient materials, and localized supply chains to reduce life-cycle emissions.
Researchers discovered that topological surface states can survive and be optimized by electrochemical reconstruction, leading to near-peak ORR activity. The study reveals the importance of considering quantum topology and electrochemical surface chemistry together for next-generation electrocatalysts.
Researchers analyzed data from nearly 800 prenatal and postnatal brain scans to identify sex differences in brain growth. The study found that males showed greater increases in brain volumes compared to females, with early brain development carefully timed to meet ongoing demands.
A new CRISPR/Cas9-based bionic tumor cell membrane-encapsulated nanocomposite demonstrates outstanding synergistic therapeutic effects against triple-negative breast cancer. The nanoparticle combines gene therapy with photothermal therapy, evading the immune system and targeting tumor tissue effectively.
Researchers developed a fully integrated, valve-free microscale gas chromatography system on a single 15 × 15 mm² chip. The system achieves quantitative analysis of multicomponent gas mixtures with high repeatability and accuracy under low flow rates and varying humidity conditions.
New diagnostic methods aim to detect RNA viruses with high sensitivity and specificity, overcoming the challenge of rapid evolutionary dynamics. The techniques include mutation-tolerant screening and precise mutation discrimination.
A multifunctional composite made of carbon fiber-reinforced polymers and piezoelectric materials can use vibrations to detect tiny cracks. The material harvests energy from vibration and uses it to monitor key conditions while sending data wirelessly.
A new study published by the American Psychological Association found that virtual jurors are just as attentive and engaged as those in a traditional courtroom setting. The research, which compared online and in-person mock juries, revealed few significant differences between the two formats.
The Mental Health Goals programme aims to transform mental health research infrastructure with a £50 million government-funded initiative. King's College London, Cardiff University, and University of Oxford will co-lead two workstreams to develop the world's largest dataset for depression and improve links between research and industry.
A landmark study by FAU and CSU found that offering six to 10 paid days off significantly lowers resignations, especially for men. Providing 11 or more days reduces quitting rates substantially for both men and women, highlighting the importance of meaningful time away from work.
The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology developed a mesh bioreactor with ultrasound-induced transient cavitation, increasing flux 10-20 times conventional membrane bioreactors while reducing energy consumption and cost. The technology meets discharge standards in approximately 75% of the global population.
Researchers developed a synergistic structure-doping regulation strategy for lignin-based carbon aerogels using phytic acid, promoting uniform spherical hierarchical structures and dual phosphorus-sulfur doping. This approach achieves high-performance supercapacitors with superior power density and energy storage capabilities.
Scientists at Chalmers University of Technology have created a novel quantum refrigerator that utilizes problematic noise to cool down extremely low temperatures. The innovative design enables precise control over heat and energy flows, making it an essential component for scaling up quantum technology.
Researchers have developed a natural solid gel pad made from tamarind seed gum, offering improved image quality and patient comfort compared to conventional liquid gel. The new gel pad's self-moisturizing property ensures stable acoustic coupling and enhanced ultrasound image quality.
Researchers use AI methods to tackle complexity of TCM formulas, predicting pharmacokinetic behavior and identifying synergistic interactions. AI-assisted modeling helps connect constituents to protein targets, supporting iterative cycles of prediction and experimental confirmation.
A type of electromagnetic therapy combined with physical therapy significantly reduced overall disability in stroke survivors. Researchers found that this therapy stimulated specific brain pathways and improved functional recovery for patients after stroke.
A study found that cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) significantly increases the risk of developing dementia within 5 years, even more than stroke. Researchers analyzed Medicare data from over 1.9 million adults and found that CAA greatly increased dementia risk, regardless of whether patients had a stroke or not.
A study found that women who have had an ischemic stroke are at a higher risk of having another stroke during pregnancy and in the six weeks after childbirth. This increased risk is not influenced by other risk factors, emphasizing the need for targeted preventive efforts.
A preliminary study suggests that people with a type of aneurysm and cervical artery dissection do not have an increased risk of stroke within the first six months after diagnosis. This finding provides important information to help healthcare professionals better monitor and manage patients during this critical period.
A new clinical trial shows that treating desmoplastic melanoma with immunotherapy before surgery dramatically shrinks or eliminates tumors, improving quality of life for patients. The study found that 71% of patients had no detectable cancer remaining at the time of surgery.
A new risk calculator estimates the likelihood of adults developing dementia within ten years after a stroke. Researchers created a tool that stratifies people into five different levels of dementia risk based on underlying health and stroke characteristics.
A preliminary study found that monitoring driving behavior may help identify older adults at higher risk for unsafe driving, loss of independence, and subtle cognitive problems. People taking ACE inhibitors tend to maintain safer driving habits even with brain scans showing damage.
A study analyzing hospital registry data found that people taking multiple antiplatelet medications after a brain bleed were more likely to die before leaving the hospital. The researchers compared patients with no antiplatelet therapy to those taking one or two antiplatelet medications, finding a higher risk of death in the latter group.
Scientists have identified a previously unknown molecular mechanism for initiating gene transcription in cells under stress. Using cryogenic electron microscopy, they observed how dinucleoside polyphosphate molecules bind to RNA polymerase, enabling the formation of alternative caps that protect cellular RNA.
A preliminary study found that stroke survivors who felt less able to openly share their feelings had slower physical and cognitive recovery. Researchers assessed participants' perception of social constraints at 3 months after their stroke, revealing a link between social constraint and overall disability.
A new smartwatch app called SocialBit measures social interactions of hospitalized stroke survivors, potentially preserving cognition, social engagement, and quality of life. The app distinguishes between hospital personnel and non-hospital interactions, identifying potential cases of social isolation.
A team at Chalmers University of Technology has discovered biomarkers for Parkinson's disease in the blood, which could lead to early diagnosis via blood tests within five years. The study found distinct gene activities linked to DNA damage repair and stress response in patients in the early phase of the disease.
Researchers found fossilized plankton suggest a possible long-term recovery from oxygen-depleted oceans despite climate warming. The study, published in Communications Earth & Environment, examined fossilized plankton from the Arabian Sea and found higher oxygen levels during the Miocene Climatic Optimum (MCO) compared to today.
A recent study has clarified the record-late monsoon onset in Australia, defining its critical impact on water security and cattle industry. The researchers found that local wind conditions over Darwin prevented the upper-level winds from switching to easterlies.
The UK's response to NPS deaths highlights the importance of international cooperation and domestic legislation in reducing harm. Effective controls implemented in producing countries, such as China, were associated with larger reductions in NPS detections than controls introduced solely within consuming countries.
Collective animal behavior research is entering a new interdisciplinary phase, driven by AI, sensing technologies, and virtual reality. This transformation enables scientists to track and analyze whole groups in unprecedented detail, capturing patterns previously invisible. Insights from animal swarms are increasingly shaping real-worl...
Scientists from The University of Osaka have created two new fluorescent markers, Gachapin and Gachapin-C, that can visualize dynamic cell-to-cell contacts and connections within a single neuron's extensions. These indicators allow for the monitoring of complex patterns of connectivity in various cell types, including neurons.
Researchers developed a comprehensive framework to describe intensity fluctuations in Spontaneous Brillouin scattering, linking its stochastic behavior to system parameters. Experimental validation confirmed theoretical predictions, revealing the universal fundamental precision limit imposed by SpBS noise on Brillouin metrology.
Next-generation drones expected to have greater endurance, supporting long-duration missions and wide-area surveillance. AI advancements enable complex tasks autonomously, recognizing objects, planning paths, and avoiding obstacles.
A study in Japan found that wastewater surveillance can uncover the true scale of COVID-19 spread by detecting high viral loads in sewage despite reduced clinical testing. This approach offers an objective view of community-wide infection levels, unaffected by changes in testing policies or public behavior.
New Edith Cowan University research explores how facial filters and pop culture shape perceptions of the nose. Dr Laura Glitsos found that social media reinforces narrow Eurocentric beauty standards, negatively impacting people's self-worth and wellbeing.
A systematic review examines how social media users can be utilized as a 'human sensor network' for disaster management. The study finds that refined social media data contributes strongly to identifying needs during disasters, strengthening community resilience and allocating resources faster.
A new framework developed by researchers at KTH Royal Institute of Technology enables builders to reuse structural elements confidently, extending the lifespan of used concrete by 50-100 years. The study's findings show that reusing concrete is one of the most effective ways to cut emissions and reduce waste in construction.
Researchers have developed a seawater-driven process to recover ethane and liquefied petroleum gas from LNG using only ambient-temperature seawater. The study shows that regasification facilities can deliver pipeline-quality natural gas and high-value petrochemical feedstocks, reducing energy consumption and emissions.
A recent study by Doshisha University researchers found that Japanese media generally accurately conveys the concept of blue carbon, but fails to adequately address its challenges and risks. The study recommends improved collaboration among media professionals, policymakers, and marine scientists for effective science communication.
A QUT-led study has found how increasing aridity and habitat variation led to the diversification of modern kangaroos and wallabies. The research reveals that these iconic Australian marsupials evolved in two major bursts over the past nine million years, with their expansion coinciding with the emergence of grasslands.
Researchers created soft, biodegradable, wireless sensors that can monitor internal physiological signals from a distance. The new implant technology improves accuracy and robustness compared to existing devices, enabling deeper tissue monitoring without strict positional control.
A study reveals that alternative splicing (AS) and genetic variation contribute to feed efficiency differences in fish. AS variants were linked to superior feed utilization, providing new molecular targets for breeding more efficient strains.
Research reveals that early exposure to pollutants like benzo[a]pyrene can have lasting effects on fish skeletons, disrupting growth programs and causing deformities. The study found a strong concentration-dependent embryotoxicity in developing fish, with persistence of developmental toxicity across generations.
Scientists have uncovered a treasure trove of 12 million-year-old bird and four frog species in a New Zealand cave, shedding light on the continent's ancient history. The findings suggest that catastrophic climate changes and volcanic eruptions led to frequent extinctions, with around 33-50% of species disappearing before human arrival.
A new Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution study suggests that large-scale deep-sea fishing could undermine valuable tuna fisheries by reducing the food available to bigeye tuna. The research highlights the importance of ecosystem-based management and considering cross-fishery trade-offs before expanding new fisheries.
A study on the pufferfish (Takifugu fasciatus) found that its liver uses autophagy to defend against cold and copper stress. Autophagy helps the liver recycle damaged components and maintain internal balance under stress. The research identifies three key genes (lc3, beclin-1, and p62) that play a crucial role in this process.
Experts call for a radical refocus on school curricula to include more critical thinking and learning skills. The International Microbiology Literacy Initiative's MicroChats provide real-world contexts for children to develop critical reflection and hone their skills.
Researchers created a two-dimensional MOF-based nano-impeller that achieved efficient photoisomerization and on-demand cargo delivery. The study found that mechanical activation and dimensionality synergistically regulate the photo-switching dynamics, enabling 99% cargo release within 50 minutes.
Researchers have developed a new AI tool called VASCilia that provides unprecedented 3D views of cochlear hair cells. The tool accelerates the imaging process by 50-fold, allowing scientists to analyze cells with greater precision and accuracy. This advancement offers new insights into hearing loss caused by damaged inner ear hair cells.