A high-protein diet rich in casein and wheat gluten can significantly reduce the amount of cholera bacteria able to infect the gut. The study found that these dietary components can suppress a key structure on the surface of cholera bacteria, making it difficult for the pathogen to colonize and cause harm.
Researchers at Jeonbuk National University propose hierarchical porous copper nanosheet-based triboelectric nanogenerators, demonstrating efficient energy harvesting and multifunctionality. The devices achieve a remarkable 590% increase in electrical output while maintaining stability over 100,000 repeated mechanical cycles.
Researchers develop new framework to evaluate monetary value of QALY, adjusting for age and lifetime quality of life. Analysis yields key findings on cost-effectiveness of healthcare policies, highlighting benefits of promoting good health throughout life.
Researchers have discovered a complex regulatory circuit involving SRSF1, AURKA, and MYC that promotes aggressive pancreatic cancer progression. The circuit, which involves alternative splicing, can be targeted with an antisense oligonucleotide to reduce tumor cells' viability and trigger apoptosis.
A new study has created a comprehensive model of neutrino mapping, revealing that most stars in the Milky Way generate and emit these ghost particles. The research provides valuable insights into the universe, offering a unique way to explore cosmic phenomena.
Researchers identified specific gut bacteria and metabolic pathways that drive alcohol production in patients with auto-brewery syndrome, a rare condition causing intoxication without drinking. A stool-based test may serve as an alternative to monitored blood alcohol testing for diagnosis.
Scientists from ISTA and Brandeis University develop a geometric framework that predicts viable structures in self-assembling particles. The 'high-dimensional convex polyhedron' tool helps identify constraints that prevent certain outcomes, offering insights into designing custom-made nanomaterials.
Researchers at MIT have designed a pill that can report when it has been swallowed, using a biodegradable radio frequency antenna to communicate with an external receiver. This technology could improve medication adherence for patients who need to take immunosuppressive drugs or treatment for extended periods.
A research team at The University of Osaka has identified a parallel pathway involving CENP-C for centromere specification and function. This process is vital for ensuring chromosomes are structured and genes are expressed appropriately.
A Curtin University-led research found that households in 26 countries burn plastic as an everyday energy source, posing serious health risks. The study highlights the need for targeted interventions to improve sanitation, access to modern cooking energy, and culturally relevant options.
A study published in Nature Microbiology identified specific gut microbes and metabolic pathways responsible for producing high levels of alcohol in patients with auto-brewery syndrome. The researchers found that stool samples from patients produced significantly more ethanol than those from unaffected individuals or healthy controls, ...
Researchers have developed a new way to boost the immune system's response to cancer by using specially engineered antibodies. The antibodies work by clustering multiple immune cell receptors, amplifying the signal that tells T cells to attack cancer cells.
A team at Graz University of Technology found that espresso is a favourable and environmentally friendly substitute for uranyl acetate, which is highly toxic and radioactive. The results showed equally good quality images under the microscope with coffee staining.
Research shows that conservation efforts can be more effective if they focus on why people buy ivory rather than just promoting its illegality. Studies suggest that targeting specific audiences and using behavioural theory can help change consumer behaviour.
Researchers at KIMM and KIST developed a cuffless, non-invasive blood pressure sensor using ultrasonic technology. The sensor measures blood vessel diameter changes to calculate blood pressure values, offering high accuracy and flexible wearability.
Researchers identified 48 OR genes, 2 V1R genes, and 135 V2R genes in hagfish, indicating functional roles in smell perception. The discovery overturns the assumption that true V2Rs evolved only in jawed vertebrates.
A new study of over 32,000 US Veterans found that longer treatment with medications for opioid use disorder is associated with a greater probability of short- and medium-term survival. The benefit continues to increase at least for four years of ongoing treatment.
A large study has demonstrated the significant benefits of lifestyle interventions in reducing the risk of gestational diabetes. Physical activity-based interventions, such as walking and strength training, were found to be the most effective in preventing gestational diabetes, with no adverse effects observed.
Marine mammal experts use drone-based thermal imaging to measure dolphin surface temperature and respiration rates, detecting biologically meaningful changes in physiological state. The study validates the accuracy of drone measurements under controlled conditions, paving the way for safer health monitoring of marine mammals.
A new framework proposes managing AI-related risks by treating workers as co-designers of workplace transformation. The framework integrates job crafting, participatory oversight, and expanded WHS definitions to address relational harms and promote human labour values.
A novel optical microneedle device developed by researchers can quantify glucose levels in ultra-trace samples with high precision, offering a potential solution for blood-sampling-free clinical testing. The device features a functional hydrogel at its tip that reversibly binds to glucose, enabling accurate analysis without consuming t...
This study explores the feasibility of preoperative VEGFR-TKI plus ICI therapy for advanced renal cell carcinoma, finding improved cNSS rates and preservation of renal function. The therapy also induces robust immune activation through increased CD8⁺/CD20⁺ infiltration and tumor microenvironment remodeling.
A study found that maintaining a bedroom temperature of 24°C at night reduces stress responses and helps the heart recover from heat exposure. Dr. Fergus O'Connor's research suggests this can be especially beneficial for individuals aged 65 years and over.
A new review found that social and interpersonal factors significantly impact Australian women's body image concerns after childbirth. Supportive partners, strong social networks, and clear guidance from healthcare providers are protective factors, while appearance-related comments and sociocultural pressure can worsen issues.
A new study found that population bottlenecks can fundamentally reshape how cooperation evolves and persists in complex microbial societies. The researchers discovered that stringent bottlenecks favored fruiting body formation and growth, while relaxed bottlenecks led to an overall increase in competitive fitness.
The study highlights the need to incorporate virus-based indicators into wastewater treatment optimization and public health risk assessment. Viral communities persist throughout treatment, with several taxa showing high prevalence from influent to effluent.
Researchers developed a new type of bio-hybrid actuator using locust hind legs, achieving remarkable leaping capabilities and ultra-low power consumption. The actuators enable high maneuverability and autonomous self-righting capabilities, making them suitable for confined space exploration and precision medical delivery.
Researchers discovered that plant-derived phenolic acids can act as powerful antibiotic adjuvants by boosting tetracycline uptake and disabling bacterial defense systems. These compounds restore the efficacy of an aging antibiotic and offer a faster and more affordable alternative to developing new antibiotics.
Rising temperatures trigger a surge in carbon-degradation genes, favoring pathways that rapidly consume easily degradable carbon. This shift has significant implications for predicting carbon fluxes under climate change.
Research reveals that incomplete water disinfection primes bacteria to take up resistance genes, contributing to antibiotic resistance persistence. Sub-lethal stress enhances bacterial survival and acquisition of resistance genes from the environment.
A modular machine learning framework using LoRA fine-tuning can accurately predict single organic reactions and handle multiple reaction types. The model demonstrates high prediction accuracy comparable to expert experience, achieving results on classic reaction datasets and showing strong adaptability.
A portable biosensor developed at La Trobe University can rapidly detect toxic per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in water. The device provides a simple yes or no result, allowing for quick and easy screening of water samples, particularly in regional and remote areas where monitoring is challenging.
A new UCLA study combines human and animal research to identify chlorpyrifos as a potential environmental cause of Parkinson's disease. Long-term residential exposure to the pesticide increases the risk of developing the condition by more than 2.5 times.
A single-dose oral cholera vaccine called PanChol has completed a phase 1 clinical trial with positive results, offering hope for combating the devastating disease globally. The vaccine was developed by Mass General Brigham and shows promise in preventing severe vomiting and diarrhea caused by Vibrio cholerae bacteria.
A study by Radboud University Medical Center found that pregnant women vaccinated against whooping cough transfer antibodies to their newborns, which provide long-lasting protection. This discovery supports the World Health Organization's recommendation to maintain whole-cell vaccines in low- and middle-income countries.
A new study found that 4.9 million adults in Great Britain have recently used a drug to support weight loss or were interested in using one in the near future. The usage far exceeds NHS England's initial goal of prescribing these drugs to 220,000 people over three years.
Experts warn that people taking weight loss drugs like semaglutide and tirzepatide may not receive sufficient nutritional guidance, leaving them at risk of nutrient deficiencies and muscle loss. The lack of robust evidence surrounding nutritional advice and support has significant implications for overall health and well-being.
A new study from UCLA Health found that a cardiovascular risk score can predict who will develop serious eye diseases years later. Higher cardiovascular risk scores were significantly more likely to develop conditions like age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and glaucoma.
A UK study found that over 40% of consumers are willing to try new fish species, including sardines and anchovies. The research highlights the potential for improving national health and local economies by embracing home-caught seafood. It also reveals a generational divide in seafood consumption habits.
Around 4.9 million British adults, nearly one in ten, have recently used or expressed interest in GLP-1 medications to support weight loss. The demand highlights substantial need for these medications, which help lower blood sugar, support weight loss, and reduce the risk of heart and kidney complications.
The production of ingredients used in dog food contributes around 1% of the UK's total greenhouse gas emissions, with wet and raw foods associated with substantially higher emissions. Choosing dry food over grain-free or wet options can significantly reduce environmental impact.
The study successfully visualizes the anthracene [4+4] photocycloaddition reaction for the first time, demonstrating controllable, trans-scale photoinduced reaction systems. Direct visualization of intermediate states via single-crystal X-ray diffraction reveals a solid solution consisting of monomers and dimers.
A Cochrane review found that exercise can reduce depressive symptoms similarly to psychological therapy, with moderate-certainty evidence from ten trials. Long-term effects are unclear due to few studies following participants after treatment.
A systematic review finds that stopping weight loss drugs leads to rapid weight regain, reversing heart health markers in under two years. Average monthly weight gain is 0.4kg, with all cardiometabolic risk markers projected to return to pre-treatment levels within 1.4 years.
A Northwestern University study found an injectable regenerative nanomaterial helps protect the brain during a vulnerable window after most common type of stroke. The therapy successfully crossed the blood-brain barrier and reduced brain damage, showing no signs of side effects.
A study of 105,260 adults found associations between higher intakes of certain preservatives and increased risks of breast, prostate, and other cancers. Researchers call for re-evaluation of regulations governing food industry use of additives to protect consumer health.
The scale-up of HIV treatment and prevention programs has led to a dramatic decline in orphanhood rates in Rakai, Uganda. Between 2003–04 and 2020–22, orphanhood prevalence dropped from 21.5% to just 6.3%, while new cases attributed to maternal or parental HIV status declined significantly.
A new study uses digital building models to calculate carbon emissions from material production, transportation, operation, and demolition. The approach demonstrates how targeted reduction strategies can be identified before construction begins, highlighting the importance of local material sourcing and clean heating technologies.
The ASGCT and OTXL partnership, CGTxchange, aims to facilitate the development and commercialization of deprioritized cell and gene therapies for ultra-rare diseases. The joint venture leverages an AI-based platform to match CGTs with prospective investors or partners.
Researchers discovered that certain antibodies employ unusual tactics to block bacterial adhesion, including creating molecular wedges and conformational traps. These mechanisms could lead to the development of immune therapies targeting glycan-binding cell-attachment proteins produced by bacteria causing urinary tract infections.
The American College of Cardiology welcomes the inclusion of whole fruits and vegetables, limiting added sugars and saturated fats in the new guidelines. The ACC encourages clinicians to discuss practical, culturally appropriate healthy eating options with their patients.
Researchers at NJIT's Center for Solar-Terrestrial Research have pinpointed a previously unknown class of high-energy particles in the Sun's upper atmosphere responsible for generating intense gamma-ray signals during major solar flare events. These particles, energized to millions of electron volts, are linked to bremsstrahlung emissi...
Two new studies found that around 1 in 8 day-case surgery patients are admitted to hospital for complications, while 1 in 14 develop chronic pain at the operative site. Chronic post-surgical pain is more common in certain procedures and among patients with medical problems, with orthopaedic and breast surgeries showing higher rates.
A study published in Environmental and Biogeochemical Processes reveals that soil warming during heatwaves does not lead to an increase in arsenic levels in rice grains. Rice physiology and seasonal factors play a bigger role than previously thought in determining the risks of food safety under climate extremes.
A new study from the University of Chicago finds that every 1% increase in eviction rate is associated with 2.66 more shootings in Chicago neighborhoods. Eviction rates disrupt collective efficacy, a neighborhood's shared belief in working together to prevent gun violence.
Researchers developed high-performance biochar filters that capture both ammonia and tiny plastic particles from water, removing up to 64% of dissolved ammonia and over 97% of polystyrene microplastics. The study provides a practical way to clean polluted water while recycling agricultural waste and locking away carbon.
Researchers have discovered a novel 'ratchet' mechanism driving cell division without a complete contractile ring, altering our understanding of the process. The mechanism relies on the dynamic properties of cytoplasm and microtubules to stabilize the actin band during contraction.
A study found that insufficient dietary lycopene is associated with a higher risk of severe periodontitis among U.S. adults ages 65-79. Adequate lycopene intake was linked to reduced likelihood of severe gum disease, with notable racial and sex disparities observed.
A new terahertz spectroscopy system combines high spectral resolution with micrometer-level spatial resolution, enabling the study of complex light-matter interactions. The system achieved a spatial resolution of 20 µm and a spectral resolution of up to 100 MHz.
Researchers at Stanford University have created a flexible material that can change color and texture like an octopus in a matter of seconds, with patterns finer than a human hair. The material uses electron-beam patterning to control topography and visual properties at the nanoscale, opening up opportunities for dynamic camouflage, we...