The year saw major advances in solar cells and treatments for Ebola, as well as efforts to label GMO products and restrict neonicotinoid use. The American Chemical Society highlighted its impact on research, policy, and industry through various initiatives.
A study of over 3,000 women in Michigan found that nearly 40% did not receive alternative treatment before their hysterectomy. Nearly two in five women under 40 had unsupportive pathology, suggesting that treatment guidelines are often not followed.
A new study published in the American Journal of Pathology suggests that HLA class I hyperexpression on pancreatic islet cells may not be a crucial step in developing type 1 diabetes. The study found discrepancies between results from immunohistochemistry and quantitative molecular techniques.
Researchers developed a predictive model associating chemical fragments with positive or negative effects in 20% of human diseases. The analysis of 10,000 chemical molecules revealed new knowledge on safer drug design and potential uses for current drugs.
A pathology specialist, Dr. Glenn Palomaki, contributes to the debate on breast cancer gene screening, citing concerns about population characteristics and feasibility. He suggests pilot trials for high-risk populations like Ashkenazi Jewish women before considering widespread screening.
A study in the Journal of Marketing found that chemical farmers resist converting to organic methods because it challenges their belief systems. Organic farmers, on the other hand, report a sense of joy and renewal through their practice.
Scientists have developed micromotors that use water as fuel to rapidly neutralize chemical and biological warfare agents. The micromotors propelled titanium dioxide to accelerate the decontamination process, showing promise in combating these dangerous agents.
Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are associated with dendritic spine loss, suggesting shared pathophysiological features. Individuals with these disorders have reduced average spine density and number of spines per dendrite compared to control group individuals.
For the first time, a chemical bond was established between seaborgium and a carbon atom, opening perspectives for detailed investigations of chemical behavior at the end of the periodic table. The study focused on gaseous properties and adsorption to a silicon dioxide surface, comparing with similar compounds of neighboring elements.
Biochemists at City College of New York find a way to detect common class of odors using water's ability to undergo chemical reactions with aldehydes. Researchers propose that some odorant receptors recognize aldehydes by their reactivity, rather than structure, enabling the nose to distinguish them from similar chemicals.
Isabell Thomann's research focuses on improving photocatalysis, a process that uses light to drive chemical reactions, with a goal of reducing carbon dioxide using sunlight. She will use an ultrafast laser spectroscopy system to study short-lived chemical intermediates and optimize the efficiency and selectivity of chemical reactions.
A team of researchers from the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine has developed new cell culture and mouse models to test immunotherapy for Parkinson's disease. By targeting distorted alpha-synuclein proteins, they prevented pathology development and reversed some effects of existing disease.
The clinical validation study showed ProMark correctly identified low-risk disease with a sensitivity of 90% or better. The test provided additional independent prediction relative to standard risk-stratification systems, improving personalized treatment decisions for prostate cancer patients.
The challenges in cancer molecular testing require effective communication between oncologists and pathologists. Close communication, systems approaches, and new institutional protocols can help ensure efficient testing and optimal patient outcomes.
Researchers investigated the connection between small-vessel disease and Alzheimer's disease pathology, revealing a possible correlation with cognitive impairment. The study found that small vessel disease may contribute to the development of Alzheimer's-like pathology in the brain.
Researchers at Vienna University of Technology have successfully controlled the splitting of hydrocarbons into smaller fragments using femtosecond laser pulses. By manipulating the distribution of electrons, scientists can induce chemical reactions and select specific reaction paths.
The Association for Molecular Pathology (AMP) released a report recommending a molecular diagnostics curriculum for medical laboratory scientists, balancing accreditation, certification, and job market needs. The recommendations aim to prepare future scientists for high-complexity testing and support the growth of genomic technology.
Researchers found that higher cerebrospinal fluid alpha-synuclein levels predict faster cognitive loss in Parkinson's disease, but not motor symptoms. The study, published in the American Journal of Pathology, offers new insights into PD pathology and potential management strategies.
The team is determining the long-term fate of chemicals in drinking water distribution systems and the environment. They are also evaluating interactions between MCHM and plastic pipes and epoxy liners, which will help determine long-term remediation measures.
A chemical leak in Charleston, W.Va., highlights the shortcomings of policies and research on thousands of chemicals. The incident led to 300,000 residents relying on bottled water due to the lack of complete toxicology studies on the leaked chemical, MCHM.
The new open access journal Pathogenesis will publish peer-reviewed original research and high-quality reviews in various areas of pathology. It aims to provide a platform for researchers and clinicians to share their work quickly and widely, promoting excellence in pathology.
The global chemical industry is expected to rise by 2.5% in the US and see increased sales in Europe, driven by strong economic growth in China and India. Low-priced natural gas from shale deposits and an uptick in housing starts are also contributing factors.
The Association for Molecular Pathology proposes a new term, Laboratory Developed Procedure (LDPs), to describe service-oriented tests. LDPs rely on laboratory professionals for design, consultation, and interpretive reporting in clinical care.
Close to 1,400 tons of chemical weapons remain in Syria, requiring multiple strategies for destruction. Destroying the stockpile will require specialized equipment and careful handling of precursor chemicals.
A Rutgers-Camden professor is building a large-scale database of chemical toxicity information, combining in-vitro and computational methods to provide valuable data for scientists. The online database will aid in drug development by helping determine safe doses for patients.
In response to economic downturns, large chemical firms are reorganizing by acquiring specialty companies with high market potential. DuPont's Danisco acquisition and Dow's Rohm and Haas purchase have proven successful in shedding underperforming businesses.
Researchers at McMaster University have identified a protein called Xin that serves as a biomarker for muscle damage. Xin is only detectable after muscle injury and shows a strong correlation with the degree of damage, regardless of the cause.
The American Chemical Society is researching everyday household products' safety, but significant progress is needed. The EPA relies on multiple sources to assess chemical risks, including computer programs, buying trends data, and laboratory tests.
Scientists at the Monell Chemical Senses Center and USDA have discovered that avian influenza virus can be detected based on odor changes in infected birds. The study identified specific chemical compounds associated with the odor changes, which may also serve as potential biomarkers for diagnosing gastrointestinal diseases in humans.
A new study published in the American Journal of Pathology found that resveratrol actually worsened MS-like neuropathology and inflammation in mice. Resveratrol did not show anti-inflammatory or neuroprotective effects, contradicting previous claims about its benefits.
Researchers have discovered anti-tau antibodies that can prevent the accumulation of toxic tau proteins, improving cognitive function and reducing pathology in mouse models. The findings suggest a potential basis for treating Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders.
Researchers developed a test that can clearly distinguish early liver cancer cells from normal liver cells by giving them a distinctive red-brown hue. The test uses a probe to detect and stain a microRNA called mir-21, which is found in liver cancer but not healthy liver cells.
Researchers at Emory University have discovered a previously unrecognized type of pathology in Alzheimer's brains that sequesters proteins involved in RNA splicing. This finding could lead to new biomarkers, diagnostic approaches, and therapies by explaining how genes contribute their effects in the disease.
The magazine has remained committed to providing reliable news and analysis on the chemical enterprise. CEN's evolution reflects changing reader preferences for obtaining news and information about chemistry.
Researchers at Kansas State University have identified a PHS gene in wheat that prevents preharvest sprouting, a major cause of crop loss. The discovery provides a potential solution for the $1 billion annual industry losses associated with white wheat production.
A study found that decreased Aß42 and increased phosphorylated tau181 levels in spinal fluid are linked to reduced default mode network integrity. This association suggests that these biomarkers could be used to detect Alzheimer's disease pathology before symptoms appear.
The UNC-Malawi cancer pathology laboratory has provided invaluable service to patients and built capacity at a national teaching hospital. The lab, which assessed over 3,600 specimens, is now helping to relieve diagnostic delays and provide essential diagnostic services to Malawians suffering from cancer.
Researchers found that a specific pattern in tumor pathology is strongly associated with cancer recurrence. Patients with this pattern are more likely to benefit from lobectomy and have a 75% lower risk of recurrence. The study may lead to new technology to precisely identify tumors with this pattern before surgery.
Researchers found that women with atypical lobular hyperplasia (ALH) and lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) can avoid surgery if radiologist and pathologist findings are concordant. Yearly mammograms, MRI, or ultrasound as second-line screening tools may suffice.
A new study by Rush University Medical Center researchers found that a sudden decrease in testosterone levels may cause Parkinson's-like symptoms in male mice. Testosterone supplementation reversed the pathology in the mice. The study suggests that preserving testosterone levels may be important to prevent Parkinson's disease.
A recent study led by Loyola University Medical Center physician Matthew Kircher identified a simple way to reduce healthcare costs without compromising care. The researchers found that in 178 cases, there was virtually perfect agreement between otologists' findings and official diagnoses from the pathology lab, suggesting that these e...
Researchers have identified nine fungal lineages associated with ambrosia beetles threatening avocado production in the US and Israel. The unique fungi adaptability poses a threat to global farms and forests.
Researchers developed a staging system to track ALS disease progression, mapping out four distinct stages and identifying transmission patterns. The study's findings suggest a similar transmission process in other neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, and may lead to new treatments like immunotherapies.
A study by McGill University researchers found that blocking the activity of a specific receptor can reverse memory pathology and improve cerebrovascular function in mice with advanced Alzheimer's disease. The treatment also reduced toxic amyloid-beta peptide levels, which contribute to neuronal and vascular dysfunction.
Researchers discovered that the p63 protein acts as a genetic modifier for EEC Syndrome, with TAp63 determining its manifestation. The study reveals that levels of TAp63 determine whether children inherit the syndrome, providing new insights into this rare condition.
Japan's high-tech companies excel in producing components for lithium-ion batteries and LCD films, with financial performance outpacing the rest of the chemical industry.
Research suggests that early exposure to bisphenol A can damage the enamel of teeth in children, similar to a previously identified pathology known as MIH. The study found that low doses of BPA can cause mineral depletion and lead to hypomineralisation, making teeth more fragile and prone to cavities.
The Purdue University R.B. Wetherill Laboratory of Chemistry has been recognized as a National Historic Chemical Landmark by the American Chemical Society (ACS) for its 80-plus years of service as a center for education and cutting-edge research. The laboratory, which has educated generations of chemists and chemical engineers, includi...
Scientists at USC have found a class of drugs, TSPO ligands, that can reduce measures of pathology and improve behavior in both young adult and aged mice with Alzheimer's Disease. The treatment showed promising results, including a significant decrease in symptoms and improvements in memory.
Researchers have discovered that innate lymphoid cells and T cells follow a similar development pathway, involving the Notch protein pathway. This finding has implications for understanding inflammatory diseases and could lead to new treatments.
Giant axonal neuropathy is caused by mutations in the gigaxonin gene, leading to accumulation of neurofilament proteins. The study shows that gigaxonin regulates neurofilament protein degradation, shedding light on the molecular pathology of GAN.
A new study found that average-risk screening adenoma detection rates are significantly higher than current guidelines suggest, with women having a 25.4% risk and men having a 41.2% risk. Overall advanced-pathology adenoma detection was also higher in men, highlighting the need for vigilance in identifying patients with adenomas to pre...
Chemical gardens, a school experiment, inspire origin-of-life research at hydrothermal vents. Scientist test electric currents flowing from flower-like structures in chemical gardens.
A new tau transmission model opens doors for potential treatments of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases by inducing animal models to mimic the spread of tau pathology. The research demonstrates cell-to-cell transmission of neurodegenerative proteins, offering therapeutic opportunities.
Researchers at the University of New Mexico Cancer Center have identified a first-in-class chemical compound, CID2950007, that inhibits Cdc42 GTPase activity, controlling cell migration and adhesion. This novel compound shows promise in preventing cancer metastasis and may also be effective against infectious diseases.
A new study identifies a link between carbamylated albumin protein and increased risk of heart disease in kidney dialysis patients. Researchers found that measuring carbamylated albumin may help doctors monitor dialysis patients and identify those at risk of cardiac complications.
A team at Vienna University of Veterinary Medicine found the same strain of Usutu virus in dead blackbirds in Italy in 1996 as in Austria's cases. This suggests the virus was present in Italy before reaching Europe, and forensic pathology can help unravel origins of emerging diseases.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine developed a new animal model that replicates the transmission of tau pathology, a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. The study demonstrates that synthetic tau fibrils can induce authentic neurofibrillary tangles and initiate disease progression in mice.
Researchers engineered blue-green algae to grow chemical precursors for fuels and plastics, a step towards replacing fossil fuels. The U.S. Department of Energy aims to obtain a quarter of industrial chemicals from biological processes by 2025.
A five-year NIH grant supports a program to develop resident genomic pathology curriculum, expanding pathologists' role in interpreting and acting on genomics data. The initiative aims to bridge the gap between genetic research and practical application in patient care.