A computer program simulated how people who felt threatened would respond to a serial subtraction problem, showing a 25% decrease in performance speed. Increasing knowledge through instruction and practice, or continuously checking results to bolster confidence, can help individuals switch their pre-task appraisal from threatening to c...
Researchers are investigating whether neglecting oral hygiene increases the risk of heart disease by allowing plaque to accumulate on teeth. The new study will examine white blood cell counts and other inflammatory markers in African American volunteers.
A recent study published in the Journal of Dental Education found that nearly half of patients with high blood pressure at a dental clinic had never been diagnosed. The researchers advocate for regular blood pressure screening in dental offices, which could help identify hypertension early and prevent related health issues.
A new approach to assessing glaucoma risk, inspired by the coronary heart disease model, aims to identify individuals at risk and guide treatment decisions. This initiative has the potential to shift the focus from reactive treatment to proactive prevention and earlier intervention for those at risk.
The green tea gum helps eliminate free radicals that can damage DNA and lead to cancer. It also protects healthy cells by targeting cancer cells for destruction.
Researchers at Medical College of Georgia have discovered a new category of multi-potent cells called VENT cells, which play a critical role in development and contribute to the formation of various human tissues. The discovery challenges long-held notions about what type of cells form specific types of tissue.
Researchers at NJIT have developed a new compound derived from pine trees that could change the face of green chemistry. The chiral ionic liquid, created through a Diels-Alder reaction, offers non-toxic and cost-efficient methods for pharmaceutical and fine chemical industry processes.
Researchers found a nematode's oxygen-sensing mechanism can regulate blood pressure. The discovery reveals that worms prefer lower oxygen concentrations, which may explain their unique behavior.
Researchers have made progress in understanding the mechanisms of HIV drug resistance, particularly with tenofovir and the DAPY compounds. These drugs approach the problem of resistance in different ways, targeting reverse transcriptase enzyme or molecular machine used by the AIDS virus.
A study by Newcastle University found that adult smokers are more likely to experience tooth loss. Adults from disadvantaged social backgrounds also suffered from oral health problems. The research suggests that public health interventions should target adults as well, in addition to children.
Researchers have made significant breakthroughs in growing replacement teeth and dental tissues using tissue engineering techniques. The development of novel regenerative therapies could restore partial tooth tissue loss and minimize restoration failure with traditional dental materials.
Researchers found a significant link between deep periodontal pockets and ECG abnormalities, with those having pockets over 2mm at greater risk. Periodontitis may contribute to cardiovascular disease by causing inflammation in atherosclerotic lesions.
A long-term study published in JADA demonstrates that rinsing twice daily with Listerine Antiseptic mouthrinse is as effective at reducing plaque and gingivitis as flossing once daily. The study found that Listerine Antiseptic reduced plaque by 20% and gingivitis by 11%, while flossing led to 3.4% and 4.3% reductions respectively.
Researchers identified six Lactobacillus strains capable of binding to the HIV envelope, inhibiting infection and potentially blocking transmission. The bacteria also bound to immune cells, causing them to clump and immobilize any infected cells.
Researchers found that women who were highly frustrated by earlier math problem-solving sessions ate more snacks overall, especially high-fat items. Men did not show the same level of increased snacking regardless of noise exposure or perceived control.
Research from Newcastle University and Australia finds young adults worried about their teeth due to celebrity beauty standards. The study, published in Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, reveals younger generations are more likely to complain about dental problems than older adults.
The study identified older age, female sex, presence of symptoms before the rash appeared, severe acute pain, and extent of rash as significant risk factors for PHN. These risk factors reflect different mechanisms contributing to the development of PHN.
Researchers have found that dental pulp cells can provide support and survival for nerve cells affected in Parkinson's disease, potentially leading to a new cell-based therapy. The study suggests that these cells produce beneficial 'neurotrophic' factors, promoting nerve cell survival.
A new study by Mount Sinai researchers found that exposure to WTC dust increased the risk of respiratory symptoms, including cough, wheeze, and shortness of breath. Pregnant women who were near the disaster site experienced a two-fold increase in small for gestational age infants.
The study found that school-based provision of inhaled corticosteroids resulted in fewer missed days of school and more symptom-free days for urban children. However, the program had limited effectiveness among those exposed to secondhand smoke in their homes.
A Stanford study reveals a connection between archaea abundance and gum disease severity, affecting about one-third of Americans. The research found that more than one-third of patients with chronic periodontitis harbored archaea in their diseased subgingival spaces but not elsewhere.
Diabetic retinopathy, a leading eye complication in people with type 1 diabetes, affects nearly 774,000 Americans under age 30. The prevalence is highest among 40-49 year olds and older, driven by aging US population.
A study by University of Illinois Chicago researchers found that Big Red chewing gum reduced anaerobic bacteria in saliva by over 50% and eliminated bad breath-causing bacteria. The gum's cinnamic aldehyde content proved effective against halitosis, a common oral health issue.
A study by University at Buffalo researchers found that experience with elderly patients is more effective than classroom learning in changing age bias among dental students. Students who worked with elderly patients showed a decrease in negative bias, while those with limited clinical experience showed an increase.
The University of Hawaii has developed a mentoring relationship with the University of North Carolina School of Dentistry to address oral health disparities in Hawaii. The collaboration aims to improve the oral health status of the people of Hawaii by conducting pilot studies on mothers and their babies in rural communities.
The International Association for Dental, Oral, and Craniofacial Research has awarded Dr. Haas the 2004 Pharmacology/Therapeutics/Toxicology Award for his extensive work on anxiolytic agents in dentistry. Dr. Haas has also made significant contributions to the field through his presentations and leadership roles.
Researchers investigate how harmless bacteria trigger immune response, offering new insights into oral health and potential treatments for infections. Beta-defensins, natural antibiotics produced by the body, may hold key to preventing infection, according to expert Dr. Beverly Dale.
Researchers at USAMRIID successfully detected variola virus in a 50-year-old tissue sample using integrated diagnostic methods. The study demonstrates the capabilities of modern molecular diagnostics in identifying biological agents, which is crucial for national defense and infectious disease research.
A blood test may reveal systemic factors that relate to periodontal disease, especially in men. The study found a significant relationship between CRP and periodontal diseases in women, but not in men. Males were reported to have more serious symptoms of periodontal diseases than females of the same age group.
A research team led by OHSU scientists is studying metal homeostasis and its disruption in human cells, focusing on copper and iron concentrations. The project aims to understand the regulation of metals in cells and their impact on disease progression.
A study led by Rutgers University professor Mohamed Rafi founds a compound called ß-hydroxy-DHP (BHP) in licorice root supplements that can stop the growth of prostate and breast cancer cells. This could provide new hope for more effective therapies against these leading cancers.
A new two-step process measures cytokine levels and cell membrane protein presence to evaluate material biocompatibility. The NIST-developed method offers a more nuanced understanding of material compatibility, enabling industry and researchers to create more well-matched materials for medical applications.
A study by Case Western Reserve University researchers found that human beta defensins 2 and 3 in the mouth's lining can inhibit HIV-1 replication and regulate viral receptors. This discovery has potential for developing new medical interventions using natural products to prevent HIV infection, particularly in high-risk areas.
The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) has awarded $9 million to support ongoing research on the health consequences of the 9/11 attacks. The funding will continue to study human exposures, respiratory and psychological problems, and provide education and training for workers and communities.
Linda Brzustowicz will lead research on hereditary patterns of autistic behaviors, analyzing 'trio' samples from autistic individuals and their parents to define genes linked to the disorder. The study aims to better understand, treat, and potentially prevent autism.
Rutgers-Newark has received a powerful computer grant, which will enable researchers to analyze brain activity more efficiently. The new supercomputing cluster allows for faster processing of massive amounts of data generated by human brain scans.
Case Western Reserve University researchers will continue their study on children prenatally exposed to cocaine, now in their 14th year of funding, due to a new $4.9 million grant from the National Institute on Drug Abuse. The ongoing research has found associations between prenatal cocaine exposure and cognitive skills development.
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) has awarded grants to fund the construction of six biosafety laboratories, including three NBLs and three RBLs. The new labs will provide a safe environment for scientists to conduct critical research on infectious diseases and bioterrorism.
Researchers found an 84% reduction in preterm births among pregnant women with periodontitis who received scaling and root planing therapy. The study suggests that periodontal disease may increase the risk of premature delivery, highlighting the importance of regular dental exams for pregnant women.
Researchers found that Cripto overexpression inhibits Activin signaling, leading to increased tumor cell growth. Antibody blockade of Cripto suppresses tumor cell growth in xenograft models, suggesting a central role for Cripto in tumorigenesis.
Researchers found endostatin treatment reduced invasive head and neck cancer cells by half and their migratory capabilities by one-quarter. The study suggests an implanted drug delivery system could provide sustained therapeutic drug levels directly to tumors.
Researchers at Ohio State University found that endostatin can stop Kaposi's sarcoma cells from growing new blood vessels and migrating through the body. The study suggests a controlled release of endostatin could be an effective treatment option for patients with KS.
Two studies suggest that regular use of ibuprofen and aspirin inhibits breast cancer formation, while a low-dose tamoxifen regimen may effectively treat breast cancer with fewer side effects. Another study found that a combination of low-dose COX-2 inhibitors and fish oil may reduce colon cancer risk.
Rutgers University has been awarded millions by the NIH for its genetic research efforts, expanding its capabilities to study disease genetics globally. The new funding will support researchers in studying common pools of subjects to identify genes predisposing individuals to diseases.
Research confirms a direct link between small jaws, breathing difficulties, and increased risk of bed-wetting and ear infections in children. Orthodontic treatment has been shown to be effective in reducing or eliminating these issues, offering an alternative to traditional medication or ear tubes.
The Rutgers Center for Genetic Research on Mental Disorders will investigate the genetic basis of mental disorders such as autism, schizophrenia, and depression. The center aims to identify inherited factors that determine individual likelihood for developing each disorder.
The Howard Hughes Medical Institute has awarded grants to promote science education and literacy in diverse communities. Programs will engage students and teachers from underrepresented groups and focus on standards-based learning.
A team of University of Toronto researchers has created a biodegradable scaffold that accelerates bone healing rates by providing a building structure for bone growth. The scaffold, similar in structure to a dish sponge, eventually dissolves, eliminating the need for expensive chemicals called bone growth factors.
A laboratory study found that tea polyphenols inhibited the growth of oral bacteria, reducing volatile sulfur compounds. The study also showed that low concentrations of polyphenols hindered the enzyme catalyzing hydrogen sulfide formation, cutting its production by 30%.
A study found that patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) who have reduced cardiac output and blood volume may exhibit decreased left ventricular function. The researchers used nuclear ventriculography to assess the heart's functioning in CFS patients and healthy controls during exercise and postural stress.
A study of 81 undergraduates found that males exhibit higher pain thresholds and tolerances than females. The researchers also discovered that psychological factors can influence the association between physiological responses and pain responses, and additional research is needed to replicate these findings.
The study identified a new gene associated with breast cancer, C35, which is over-expressed in 65% of breast cancers. Researchers believe that traditional treatment methods alone will not be effective against C35 positive breast cancer and are exploring a two-pronged approach for treatment.
A Phase III study of Raptiva found that 27% of patients experienced a 75% or greater Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score improvement after 12 weeks of therapy. Patients also showed rapid onset of effects on quality of life measurements, providing further support for Raptiva as a potential treatment option.
A study of over 339 patients found that 77% of those continuing Raptiva therapy had a PASI 50 score and 51% achieved a PASI 75 score. Long-term treatment showed improved response rates, with 22% achieving a 90% or greater improvement in their PSASI score.
A quadruple test that measures four maternal blood markers is more effective than earlier single marker tests in detecting Down's syndrome pregnancies. The test detected 81% of Down's syndrome cases, while a single marker test detected only 51%.
A $1.4 million NIH-funded study will use genetically altered mice to find morphine-regulated genes that cause tolerance and dependence. The researchers aim to create better therapeutics and prevent dependence, with potential benefits for children born to drug-dependent mothers.
A Rutgers-led consortium has received $6.5 million in funding from the NIH to determine the three-dimensional structure of hundreds of new proteins. The project aims to make protein structure determination less expensive and develop new techniques.
The NIH has awarded a $4.6 million grant to Rutgers University to develop new and effective drugs for AIDS. The five-year program will use structure-based drug design to identify proteins involved in HIV transmission and develop inhibitors that can overcome drug resistance.
A study by Dr. Scott Tomar found that men using snuff were more than twice as likely to switch to cigarettes than vice versa, with 40% of former snuff users continuing or starting smoking. The study also linked snuff use to increased cancer risk and other health problems.
The University of Illinois Chicago is developing a new model for dental education to address disparities in oral health care, increasing the diversity of the dental workforce. The program will provide community-based experiences and full scholarships to recruit minority and low-income students.