A genomic assay called Breast Cancer Index (BCI) has been shown to predict the risk of distant recurrence in premenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive early-stage breast cancer. Patients with high BCI scores are at increased risk of recurrence, while those with low scores may benefit more from ovarian suppression therapy.
A recent study found that non-Hispanic Black women with hormone receptor-positive/HER2-negative breast cancer have poorer outcomes compared to other racial groups, even when their genetic recurrence scores are similar. The research also showed that these disparities were observed despite similar tumor sizes and lymph node involvement.
Patients with hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative tumors treated with ribociclib plus endocrine therapy had fewer adverse events and longer progression-free survival compared to those treated with combination chemotherapy. This treatment approach may allow for the avoidance of chemotherapy in aggressive patients.
Research shows that tumors from Black patients have a higher score of biomarker for distant metastatic recurrence and more macrophages than white patients. The study suggests that racial disparities in ER-positive/HER2-negative breast cancer outcomes may be partly explained by differences in the tumor microenvironment.
A study found that all types of alcoholic beverages increase cancer risk, with higher awareness for liquor than wine or beer. The researchers suggest educating the public about alcohol's link to cancer to prevent excessive use and related health issues.
A study found that patients receiving CAR T-cell therapy were more likely to develop neurological side effects, including ICANS, when they had hypophosphatemia. The researchers suggest that serum phosphate measurements could be used to predict the onset of ICANS in these patients.
Researchers found that patients with longer progression-free survival after BCMA-targeted CAR T-cell therapy had more diverse baseline T-cell repertoires, fewer markers of immune exhaustion, and distinct changes to immune cell populations. These factors were associated with improved responses to the treatment.
A phase I/II clinical trial found that treatment outcomes were similar between Black and non-Black patients with triple-negative breast cancer who received neoadjuvant durvalumab plus chemotherapy. The study's results suggest that improving healthcare access and delivery could mitigate some of the existing disparities in healthcare.
Researchers found eligible younger Americans (45-54) are less likely to meet recommended colorectal cancer screening guidelines due to work, family, insurance, and healthcare barriers. These disparities may worsen as the age group is expanded under new USPSTF recommendations.
A study published in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention found that diagnostic mammogram accuracy differed across racial and ethnic groups. Asian/Pacific Islander women were more likely to receive false-positive reports, while non-Hispanic Black women were more likely to receive false-negative reports.
Adolescent and young adult leukemia survivors experience lower long-term survival compared to the general population, with age and sex influencing outcomes. Long-term mortality risks persist for up to 30 years after diagnosis, primarily due to late side effects from treatment.
Researchers identified a signature of nonresponse to CAR T therapy in leukemia cells, characterized by DNA methylation and stem cell-like phenotypes. Decreased expression of genes involved in antigen presentation also hindered the immune response.
Children of Latino ethnicity with acute lymphoblastic leukemia are more likely to experience relapse compared to non-Hispanic white children, even without minimal residual disease. Detection of MRD status may not be as strong a prognostic factor in predicting the risk of relapse in these patients.
A new peptide-based vaccine, CoVac-1, has been shown to induce a T cell-dependent response in 93% of patients with B-cell deficiencies, including those with leukemia and lymphoma. The vaccine's T cell immunity exceeds that of individuals without immune deficiency or those who have received standard COVID-19 vaccines.
The RACE Act has led to an increase in required studies for cancer drugs targeting molecular targets relevant to pediatric cancer. Since its implementation, 42.9% of approved drugs have been required to conduct pediatric studies, up from 8.3% before the act.
A study suggests that accounting for genetic factors causing normal variations in PSA levels could improve the accuracy of prostate cancer detection. By analyzing data from over 95,000 men, researchers identified a polygenic score that accounted for 7.3-8.7% of variation in baseline PSA levels and was not associated with prostate cancer.
Pediatric cancer patients from lower- and middle-income countries faced a higher risk of all-cause mortality than those in high-income countries during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study found that patients in LMICs had 35.7 times the risk of all-cause mortality compared to those in HICs.
A study found that 12% of recurrent ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) cases were new primary lesions unrelated to the original tumor. These findings suggest that genetic biomarkers for predicting recurrence may not be effective for all patients.
Researchers developed a new treatment option for relapsed or refractory CD30+ lymphoma using natural killer cells complexed with a CD30/CD16A bispecific antibody. The treatment showed an overall response rate of 89% in patients with advanced lymphoma.
The CodeBreaK 100 trial demonstrated prolonged tumor responses and favorable safety profiles in patients treated with sotorasib. Long-term treatment was well-tolerated, with a two-year overall survival rate of 32.5%.
A new CAR T-cell product targeting CLDN6 showed acceptable safety and early signs of efficacy in a phase I/II clinical trial. The therapy combined with an mRNA vaccine expanded transferred CAR T cells and improved tumor cell killing.
Researchers identified a genetic variant associated with increased response to anti-PD-1 therapy and higher immune-related side effects in lung cancer patients. The variant, found in 15.7% of exceptional responders, may be used to identify patients who would benefit from treatment.
Researchers developed an AI model to predict side effects from new combination therapies by analyzing over 15 million records of adverse events. The model can recognize patterns between drugs and their side effects, enabling the prediction of adverse events for individual therapy profiles.
An AI model developed by researchers identified a subset of individuals with a 25-fold risk of developing pancreatic cancer within three to 36 months. The model used sequence of medical diagnoses from patient records to predict risk, which was validated in two independent datasets.
Dr. Philip D. Greenberg has been elected as the American Association for Cancer Research President-Elect for 2022-2023. He will work to harness advances in cancer research and translate them for patient benefit, with a focus on addressing disparities in minority engagement.
The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) has announced the recipients of its 2022 Scientific Achievement Awards and Lectureships, recognizing Tony Hunter, Christina Curtis, John E. Dick, Kevan M. Shokat, and Lee M. Ellis for their groundbreaking contributions to cancer research.
Ira Mellman, PhD, is being honored with the 2022 AACR-CRI Lloyd J. Old Award in Cancer Immunology for his seminal work on dendritic cell function and its impact on atezolizumab and neoepitope vaccines. His research has made a major impact on cancer immunology and has the potential to stimulate new directions.
The Victoria's Secret Global Fund for Women's Cancers has awarded five female researchers for their groundbreaking work on breast and gynecologic cancers. The recipients will receive a $100,000 honorarium and be invited to participate in a broader women's cancers grant program.
Levi A. Garraway is being honored for his groundbreaking contributions to cancer research, including the identification of melanoma genes and development of precision oncology approaches. He has also championed parallel sequencing as a definitive approach to tumor genomic profiling, revolutionizing cancer treatment strategies.
Dr. Elaine S. Jaffe is being recognized for her pioneering work in hematopathology, including the discovery of novel pathological entities and her development of standardized diagnostic criteria for lymphoma and leukemia. She has also made significant contributions to advancing cancer research, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.
Dr. John E. Dick will receive the inaugural AACR Award for Outstanding Achievement in Blood Cancer Research for his groundbreaking discoveries on leukemic stem cells and their mechanisms. His research has provided crucial insights into leukemia progression, survival rates, and treatment response.
Dr. Tony Hunter's groundbreaking work on protein tyrosine phosphorylation has led to the development of targeted cancer therapies and a deeper understanding of cancer biology. His discovery has been recognized with numerous awards, solidifying his legacy in cancer research.
Dr. Steven A. Rosenberg's pioneering work on IL-2 and its use in treating metastatic melanoma and other cancers led to the FDA approval of first U.S.-born cancer immunotherapy. His subsequent research on CAR T-cell therapy has resulted in promising clinical results for various types of cancer.
The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) announced its newly elected class of Fellows of the AACR Academy, recognizing distinguished scientists who have propelled innovation and progress against cancer. The 2022 class consists of 33 luminaries from various scientific disciplines.
A clinical trial found that genomic sequencing enabled 107 patients to receive matched therapy, increasing treatment options for those experiencing cancer relapse. The study identified previously unknown mutations and showed promise for using circulating tumor DNA to identify targetable alterations.
New study reveals that T-cell responses against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein can predict protection against infection. In healthy individuals, T cells with a specific cytokine profile offered immunity against COVID-19. In contrast, cancer patients showed lower T-cell responses and increased susceptibility to infection.
Researchers identified a novel mutation in 9% of relapsed pediatric AML cases, suggesting a new subtype of the disease. The UBTF tandem duplication is associated with poor survival rates and higher likelihood of minimal residual disease positivity.
A study published in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention found that rural residents are more likely to think fatally about cancer and feel information overload compared to urban adults. Lower education levels were associated with increased fatalism and information overload.
A study analyzing US SEER data from 2000-2016 found that younger age groups experienced the steepest increase in distant-stage early-onset colorectal adenocarcinoma incidence. Younger non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic populations showed greater proportions of distant-stage disease.
A retrospective analysis of 13 clinical trials found that most combination therapies involving immune checkpoint inhibitors worked due to independent drug action, rather than synergy or additivity. This discovery has implications for cancer clinical trial design and may help improve treatment outcomes.
Survival rates for adult patients with relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) after hematopoietic cell transplantation have increased significantly over the past two decades. The two-year overall survival rate rose from 27.8% in 2000-2004 to 54.8% in 2015-2019, despite a significant increase in patient age at relapse.
The inaugural WHO classification of childhood tumors presents a single, updated compendium of all tumor entities in childhood or adolescence, divided by organ sites. This classification incorporates traditional morphology, immunohistochemistry, and molecular characteristics to provide essential criteria for definition of tumor types.
A novel approach may reduce the serious adverse effect of cytokine release syndrome associated with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy. Supressing interferon gamma (IFNγ) appears to prevent activation of macrophages and other immune cells that drive the syndrome without impacting CAR T-cell efficacy.
Patients treated with pyrotinib plus capecitabine had a lower risk of death and longer progression-free survival compared to those receiving lapatinib plus capecitabine. Pyrotinib is an irreversible tyrosine kinase receptor inhibitor targeting HER2, EGFR, and HER4.
A recent study found that pathologic complete response rates did not differ by racial groups, but HR-positive/HER2-negative breast cancer showed a significant survival disparity between Black and white women. The study suggests that tumor molecular subtype is a more significant factor in breast cancer survival than race.
A recent study has found that Black women are significantly more likely to develop lymphedema following breast cancer treatment compared to white women. The study, which analyzed data from 304 breast cancer patients, also found that Hispanic women had a higher risk of developing the condition.
A recent study found that patients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer who experience rising ESR1 mutations before disease progression can benefit from an early switch to fulvestrant plus palbociclib. This approach yields a statistically and clinically significant gain in progression-free survival, potentially justifying its a...
Research reveals tamoxifen boosts PI3K signaling, potentially increasing uterine cancer risk in breast cancer patients. Preclinical studies show PI3K inhibitor alpelisib mitigates this effect.
Researchers used imaging mass cytometry to analyze protein expression and cell location in tumor samples. High density of antigen-presenting cells with high PD-L1 and IDO expression was associated with higher pathological complete response rate in patients treated with atezolizumab plus chemotherapy.
In a phase III trial, elacestrant showed significant benefits in decreasing death or disease progression and increasing progression-free survival compared to standard of care. The treatment was well-tolerated with manageable side effects, offering hope for patients with ER-positive/HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer.